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Phylum - Mollusca Video Lecture | Biology Class 11 - NEET

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1. What are the characteristics of the phylum Mollusca?
Ans. The phylum Mollusca is characterized by several features. They have a soft body, usually protected by a hard shell made of calcium carbonate. They also have a muscular foot used for locomotion, a mantle that may secrete the shell, and a radula, a feeding organ covered with tiny teeth. Mollusks also have a well-developed circulatory system and a coelom, a fluid-filled body cavity.
2. How many species are there in the phylum Mollusca?
Ans. The phylum Mollusca is incredibly diverse, with over 100,000 living species identified so far. This phylum includes well-known animals such as snails, clams, octopuses, and squids. It is estimated that there may be many more undiscovered species within this phylum.
3. What are some examples of mollusks?
Ans. Mollusks encompass a wide range of animals, including snails, slugs, clams, oysters, scallops, mussels, squids, octopuses, and nautiluses. They can be found in various habitats, including freshwater, marine, and terrestrial environments.
4. How do mollusks reproduce?
Ans. Mollusks have diverse reproductive strategies. Many species are dioecious, meaning they have separate sexes, while others are hermaphroditic, possessing both male and female reproductive organs. Most mollusks reproduce sexually, with fertilization occurring internally or externally. Some species also have complex mating rituals and behaviors.
5. What is the ecological importance of mollusks?
Ans. Mollusks play crucial roles in ecosystems. They serve as a food source for many organisms, contribute to nutrient cycling, and help maintain biodiversity. Mollusks also provide ecosystem services such as water filtration (by bivalves) and controlling populations of other organisms (e.g., predatory snails regulating the population of herbivorous species). Additionally, some mollusks, like certain species of snails, are indicators of environmental health and can be used in monitoring pollution levels.
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