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Regulation of Kidney Function, Micturition Video Lecture - NEET
FAQs on Regulation of Kidney Function, Micturition Video Lecture - NEET
| 1. What are the main functions of the kidneys? |  |
Ans. The main functions of the kidneys include filtering waste products and excess fluid from the blood, maintaining the body's electrolyte balance, regulating blood pressure, and producing hormones that help in the production of red blood cells.
| 2. How does the regulation of kidney function occur? | |
Ans. The regulation of kidney function occurs through a complex process involving various mechanisms such as filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Filtration occurs in the glomerulus, where waste products and excess fluid are filtered out of the blood. Reabsorption then takes place in the renal tubules, where essential substances such as water, glucose, and electrolytes are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. Finally, secretion occurs when certain substances are actively transported from the blood into the renal tubules to be excreted in the urine.
| 3. What is micturition and how is it regulated? | |
Ans. Micturition refers to the process of emptying the bladder. It is regulated by a reflex called the micturition reflex, which involves both voluntary and involuntary mechanisms. When the bladder becomes distended with urine, stretch receptors in the bladder wall send signals to the spinal cord, which in turn sends signals to the brain. At a certain threshold, the brain can initiate or inhibit the micturition reflex, allowing the voluntary control of urination.
| 4. How does the regulation of kidney function contribute to maintaining homeostasis? | |
Ans. The regulation of kidney function plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis in the body. By filtering waste products and excess fluid, the kidneys help maintain the proper balance of electrolytes, such as sodium, potassium, and calcium, in the blood. They also regulate blood pressure by controlling the volume of blood and the release of certain hormones, such as renin and aldosterone. Additionally, the kidneys produce erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells, thereby contributing to the maintenance of homeostasis.
| 5. What are some common disorders or diseases that can affect kidney function? | |
Ans. Some common disorders or diseases that can affect kidney function include chronic kidney disease, kidney stones, urinary tract infections, glomerulonephritis, and polycystic kidney disease. These conditions can impair the kidneys' ability to filter waste products and maintain electrolyte balance, leading to various symptoms such as decreased urine output, fluid retention, high blood pressure, and abnormal blood tests. Treatment options vary depending on the specific condition and may include medication, lifestyle changes, or, in severe cases, dialysis or kidney transplantation.
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