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L16 : Amino acid linkage, peptide bond - Biomolecules, Chemistry, Class 12 Video Lecture

FAQs on L16 : Amino acid linkage, peptide bond - Biomolecules, Chemistry, Class 12 Video Lecture

1. What is an amino acid linkage and how is it formed?

Ans. An amino acid linkage, also known as a peptide bond, is a chemical bond that forms between two amino acids during protein synthesis. It occurs through a condensation reaction, where the carboxyl group of one amino acid reacts with the amino group of another amino acid, resulting in the release of a water molecule. This linkage is important for the formation of polypeptide chains in proteins.

2. How does the peptide bond contribute to the structure and function of proteins?

Ans. The peptide bond plays a crucial role in determining the structure and function of proteins. It forms the backbone of the protein chain, as it connects individual amino acids in a linear fashion. This linear arrangement allows proteins to fold into specific three-dimensional shapes, which are essential for their function. Additionally, the peptide bond's double bond character restricts rotation around the bond, which influences the protein's stability and conformation.

3. What are the characteristics of a peptide bond?

Ans. Peptide bonds have several distinct characteristics. Firstly, they are formed between the carboxyl group (-COOH) of one amino acid and the amino group (-NH2) of another amino acid. Secondly, they are covalent bonds, meaning they involve the sharing of electrons between atoms. Thirdly, peptide bonds have partial double bond character, resulting from resonance within the peptide group. Lastly, they are relatively stable under physiological conditions, allowing proteins to maintain their structure and function.

4. Can peptide bonds be broken? If yes, how?

Ans. Yes, peptide bonds can be broken through a process called hydrolysis. Hydrolysis of a peptide bond involves the addition of a water molecule, which results in the separation of the two amino acids. This reaction is catalyzed by enzymes called proteases, which are responsible for breaking down proteins into their constituent amino acids. Hydrolysis can occur under acidic, basic, or enzymatic conditions, leading to the degradation of proteins.

5. How is the peptide bond different from other types of chemical bonds?

Ans. The peptide bond differs from other types of chemical bonds in several ways. Firstly, it is a specific type of covalent bond that forms between amino acids exclusively. In contrast, other covalent bonds can occur between a variety of elements and compounds. Secondly, the peptide bond has partial double bond character, resulting in restricted rotation around the bond. This characteristic is not observed in most other covalent bonds. Lastly, the peptide bond is crucial for the formation of proteins, while other types of bonds may serve different functions in various molecules.

Text Transcript from Video

hello friends this video in my molecules
part 16 is brought to you by exam clear
calm no more fear from exam so I have no
all that proteins are made of amino
acids correct and there is a linkage
which connects these amino acids so
let's talk about the linkage that
connects amino acids to form proteins so
if you see the proteins are polymers of
all pi amino acids and they are
connected by peptide bond or peptide
linkage so this is amino acid this is an
amino acid they are linked together and
water comes out what happens is H from
here and who is from here comes out so
you get Co NS and this bond is nothing
but peptide linkage please understand
once again this was one amino acid
another I'm amino acid combined together
water is lost hydrogen from this NH 2
and O H from Co H is lost and it forms
this type bond a peptide linkage so you
see the water came out this water came
out and this is the link that is formed
at the co this is energy this was fought
this is my peptide linkage correct so
peptide link is form weaponize it old co
h an nh-2 group and there are different
types of peptides right there dipeptide
tripeptide tetrapeptide pentapeptide
hexa peptide polypeptide and so on so by
victoy that means molecule containing
two amino acid joined by a single
peptide bond for example here this is
one amino acid and his another they are
joined by a single peptide mantras dye
vector similarly try trying that three
amino acids are joined by two peptide
bond so you see here and this is an
early a peptide bond this is one amino
acid this is our Milano acid and this is
third M energy and they all joined by
peptide bonds
this type of type submit' a drop a pile
for amino acids joined by three peptide
bonds you see
this is one amino acid one more more
than me I said what they mean si si we
see here they are one two three four
amino acids joined by three peptide bond
and this is the peptide bond so here
this is my theta red dye similarly there
are five amino acids joined together by
four want the Penta replied so the
number of amino acids joined that
decides the type of peptide the peptide
- I mean ah see I have tied three -
please don't die vector it will have one
more try we'll have to bond they try
will have three bond this is diet right
it why is not the number of bonds it is
the number of amino acids join correct
and protein if you have more than
hundred amino acids join together then
it is Trudy thank you
visit exam viacom to watch more videos
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