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Plant Breeding for Disease Resistance Video Lecture | Biology for Grade 12

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FAQs on Plant Breeding for Disease Resistance Video Lecture - Biology for Grade 12

1. What is plant breeding for disease resistance?
Ans. Plant breeding for disease resistance is a process of developing new plant varieties that are resistant to various diseases. This involves selecting and crossing plants with desirable traits and using various breeding techniques to enhance disease resistance in crops. The goal is to create plants that can withstand and combat diseases, reducing the need for extensive pesticide use and increasing crop yield and quality.
2. Why is disease resistance important in plant breeding?
Ans. Disease resistance is crucial in plant breeding because diseases can cause significant damage to crops, leading to reduced yield and quality. By developing plant varieties with enhanced disease resistance, farmers can minimize losses and reduce the reliance on chemical treatments. Disease-resistant crops also contribute to sustainable agriculture practices by reducing environmental pollution and preserving biodiversity.
3. What are the methods used in plant breeding for disease resistance?
Ans. Plant breeding for disease resistance involves various methods such as conventional breeding, marker-assisted selection, and genetic engineering. Conventional breeding relies on selecting and crossing plants with desirable traits, including disease resistance, over multiple generations. Marker-assisted selection uses DNA markers to identify and select plants with specific disease resistance genes. Genetic engineering involves the direct manipulation of an organism's genetic material to introduce disease resistance genes from other organisms.
4. How does plant breeding for disease resistance contribute to sustainable agriculture?
Ans. Plant breeding for disease resistance promotes sustainable agriculture by reducing the use of chemical pesticides. Disease-resistant crops require fewer chemical treatments, leading to lower environmental pollution and better preservation of natural resources. Additionally, disease-resistant plants often have improved tolerance to environmental stresses, such as drought or extreme temperatures, ensuring better crop productivity in challenging conditions. This contributes to long-term food security and sustainable farming practices.
5. What are some examples of successful plant breeding for disease resistance?
Ans. There have been several successful examples of plant breeding for disease resistance. One notable example is the development of wheat varieties resistant to stem rust, a devastating fungal disease. Another example is the breeding of resistant tomato varieties against the bacterial wilt disease. In both cases, extensive breeding efforts and the incorporation of disease resistance genes have resulted in improved crop performance and reduced disease-related losses. These successes highlight the potential of plant breeding for disease resistance in enhancing agricultural productivity and sustainability.
124 videos|210 docs|207 tests
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