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Unimolecular Nucleophilic Substitution Video Lecture | Chemistry for JEE Main & Advanced
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FAQs on Unimolecular Nucleophilic Substitution Video Lecture - Chemistry for JEE Main & Advanced
| 1. What is unimolecular nucleophilic substitution? |  |
Ans. Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution is a reaction mechanism in organic chemistry where a single molecule undergoes nucleophilic substitution. In this process, a nucleophile replaces a leaving group attached to a carbon atom, resulting in the formation of a new compound.
| 2. How does unimolecular nucleophilic substitution differ from bimolecular nucleophilic substitution? | |
Ans. Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution involves a single molecule undergoing the substitution reaction, whereas bimolecular nucleophilic substitution involves two molecules colliding to initiate the reaction. Additionally, unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reactions follow first-order kinetics, whereas bimolecular reactions follow second-order kinetics.
| 3. What factors influence the rate of unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reactions? | |
Ans. Several factors affect the rate of unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reactions. These include the stability of the leaving group, the nature of the nucleophile, the polarity of the solvent, and the steric hindrance around the reacting carbon atom. These factors determine the ease with which the substitution reaction occurs.
| 4. Can you provide an example of a unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction? | |
Ans. Sure! One example of a unimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction is the conversion of tert-butyl chloride to tert-butyl alcohol. In this reaction, a hydroxide ion (nucleophile) replaces the chloride ion (leaving group) in tert-butyl chloride, resulting in the formation of tert-butyl alcohol.
| 5. How is the rate of unimolecular nucleophilic substitution determined experimentally? | |
Ans. The rate of unimolecular nucleophilic substitution can be determined experimentally by measuring the rate of disappearance of the starting material or the rate of formation of the product over time. By varying the concentration of the reactants or changing reaction conditions, such as temperature, it is possible to determine the rate constant and establish the reaction order.
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