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Enzymes & Mechanism of Enzyme Action Video Lecture | Chemistry for JEE Main & Advanced

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FAQs on Enzymes & Mechanism of Enzyme Action Video Lecture - Chemistry for JEE Main & Advanced

1. What are enzymes and what is their role in biological reactions?
Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts in biological reactions. They facilitate and speed up chemical reactions without being consumed or altered in the process. Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction to occur, allowing it to happen more efficiently.
2. How does an enzyme work to catalyze a reaction?
Enzymes work by binding to a specific substrate, the molecule on which the enzyme acts. This binding occurs at the enzyme's active site, a region with a specific shape that matches the shape of the substrate. The enzyme-substrate complex is formed, and the enzyme then changes the substrate's shape, allowing the reaction to occur faster. After the reaction, the enzyme releases the product and is ready to bind to another substrate.
3. What factors can affect enzyme activity?
Enzyme activity can be influenced by various factors. Temperature plays a significant role, as enzymes have an optimal temperature at which they work best. pH levels can also affect enzyme activity, as enzymes have an optimal pH range in which they are most active. Additionally, enzyme concentration and substrate concentration can impact the rate of reaction. Inhibitors and activators can also modulate enzyme activity.
4. Can enzymes be denatured?
Yes, enzymes can be denatured. Denaturation refers to the process in which the enzyme loses its shape and, consequently, its functionality. Factors such as high temperature, extreme pH levels, and certain chemicals can cause denaturation. When an enzyme is denatured, its active site may no longer properly bind to the substrate, rendering the enzyme unable to catalyze the reaction.
5. Are all enzymes specific to a particular substrate?
Yes, enzymes exhibit specificity towards their substrates. Each enzyme has a specific shape at its active site, which allows it to bind to a particular substrate or a closely related group of substrates. This specificity ensures that enzymes only catalyze specific reactions and do not interfere with other biochemical processes.
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