Manure : Preparation & Classification - Crop Production & Management, Science, Class 8 Video Lecture

hello friends this video on production
and management part 11 is brought to you
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so now let us see what is a manual on
how exactly is manual prepare audit what
is it that it is so very rich in
nutrients so minor is an organic
substance that which that increases soil
fertility organic substance any
substance which contains carbon carbon
containing substances called
organic substance so it increases the
soil fertility so what exactly it is
made above so let us quickly see how
this mine you are prepared so it is
prepared by the composition of animal
excreta and plant wastes this is
extremely important now all the wastes
of animals and plants for example dead
plants and animals or decaying remains
of plants and animals
so all these waste materials which comes
out of plants and animals they are all
the compost decomposed means well
bacteria and fungi acts on those day and
decaying matter they break them down
into simple inorganic substances and
these inorganic substances act as
important nutrients to the plan so
basically if you take a lot of waste
materials maybe cow dung or plant wastes
or animal wastes you think they are
together and you leave them in a
container and allow them to get to be
compost levels allow them to get rotten
so how do these things get rotten by
lack of microorganisms like bacteria and
fungi
so in these micro organisms will act on
these wastes so organisms like bacteria
or fungi so they will tend to break down
the organic substance into inorganic
substances which are useful to the
plants and that is how these nutrients
will be formed in the soil and therefore
the soil quality will become better
outer soil fertility will increase what
is a manual or mailbox so what are the
quantity to
manual it consists of organic matter
plus nutrients organic matter because
the date remains of plants and animals
water the plants and animals are made of
organic matter so they're dead or
decaying remains are made up of organic
matter plus since these organisms are
acting on them so they will tend to
convert a part of them into inorganic
nutrients so these nutrients like
phosphorus or nitrogen or sulfur so all
these nutrients so nutrients plus
organic matter form the manual and what
is the function of manual its function
is to improve the soil structure what
exactly it does to change the soil
structure everything pleases the water
holding capacity of the soil that means
the soil can now hold over water it can
retain more water the soil can detain
more water it is good for the gun
because the plant will absorb water
through their root hairs from the soil
so if soy has more water the plant will
be able to get more water it also helps
in drainage so it doesn't allow water to
log near the plants because of that
sometimes plants dive into water logging
so it avoids water logging but at the
same time it retains the water holding
capacity of the soil so here in this
picture you can actually see that the
rotten leaves and rotten animal products
and excreta they have all been put
together in a vessel and they have been
allowed to get they have been mixed very
well together and then they have been
loved to decompose by bacteria and from
that so as they start decomposing of
whole smells start starts coming out and
this holds well indicates that the
composition is taking place so this
actually this mixture which has a very
bad smell but it is actually very rich
in organic matter as well as nutrients
so if you put them into the soil it
increases the quality of the soil and
also fertility so let us now look at the
various types of manuals which are being
prepared so the first one is compost and
when we come
so what is let's see what is this animal
and vegetable based Santa compost in
pitch to form compost and worm compost
so what do we do
wastes from animals like death animals
or dead plants or rotten plant plant
parts so all these things that decompose
in pits so a depression is created into
the soil and there all these plant and
animal beasts are being - there and left
for decomposition so over a period of
time it forms
compost and vermicompost al you can see
this is how it looks like and it is
properly mixed together all the wastes
together so the smell is weak not going
to be really good but then the content
or the way it is rich in organic matter
and nutrients that is going to be
extremely beneficial to the plants so it
is rich in organic matter and nutrients
and that is why we helps in better
growth of the plants so the
decomposition is done using earthworms
and that is why organisms like
earthworms are quite farmers friend
because they help in the decomposition
process so earthworms allowed to the
decomposers like bacteria and fungi they
all help with the decomposition so in
decomposition what do they do they break
down the complex organic matter because
animal and vegetable wastes these are
nothing but complex organic matter
so these decomposers they break down
complex organic matter into simple
inorganic substances and these simple
inorganic substances act as nutrients
for the plants
so up let the presence of organic matter
as well as inorganic nutrients increases
the quality of the soil so here you can
see this is how earth forms may present
in the soil a victory is the quality of
the soil so not only this that
earthworms help in the process of
decomposition earthworm helps to break
down the complex matter into simpler
pieces at the same time the castings of
earthworms they are also very rich in
nutrients so those castings also
provides a
nutrients to them soil so Antoine's done
perform double roll why there is the
help in the process of decomposition
secondly they also add some additional
nutrients to the soil the next type of
manual is a green manual it is are
obtained from the green plants so green
plants are rooted and stuffed under the
soil so sometimes sometimes are like
uprooted from the soil and then they are
put under the soil so the green plants
also contain a lot of organic matter and
nutrients so such plants are grown for a
specific period of time so they provide
nitrogen and phosphorus to the soil and
both nitrogen and phosphorus
they are macronutrients brought the
plants that means Lance needs them in
larger amounts so since these type of
manual is obtained from green plants
that is why they are called green manual
now examples of green manual sai-san
hemp or goober these are examples of
green manuals so you can see these
plants they are grown for some time and
after that they are uprooted and then
they are put under the soil so they
again over a period of time will provide
nitrogen and phosphorous to the soil so
the soil will become rich in nitrogen
and phosphorus so now on that soil
whichever new plant has grown they will
be able to grow very nicely now let us
look at some of the advantages of using
manual so by now we got to understand
that manual is a substance which is
prepared using then and decaying remains
of plants and animals but this manual at
the same time is very rich in nutrients
as well as organic matter so advantages
are that it improves the soil texture
because it provides so many additional
nutrients to the soil so the soil
quality increases if you store soil with
all the nutrients for example sometimes
the nutrients which were present in the
soil they get all used up by so many
crops which are being
landed on that field but the usage of
this manual provides this nutrients back
into the soil it is like from externally
we can put these nutrients and
compensate the loss of nutrients from
the soil so the next advantages is
increases the water retaining capacity
of the soil as I mentioned before that
it increases the water holding capacity
of the soil so the soil is able to hold
more water and if the soil has more
water the plant is able to get more
water for better growth and development
it is non-toxic that is again a very
important advantage that on one side
usage of my load is giving us so many
advantages that it increases the soil
fertility it increases the crop
productivity at the same time it is not
causing any harm to the environment
because it is non poisonous it is
eco-friendly when I say eco-friendly
that means it is environment friendly
how is it environment friendly now first
of all it is prepared from waste
substances so if you see it is prepared
from plant and animal wastes so it is a
good utilization of waste products and
it is not causing any sort of pollution
so that means we can see that it is
environment in friendly and you know
what this is very very important to
these defects because everywhere we see
a lot of pollution of water air soil
which is going to harm all the living
organisms in a in an adverse way so if
we are able to utilize something which
is advantageous to us at the same time
is environment friendly so that is just
awesome so minor is something which has
more advantages and if you look at it
not much disadvantages it is a recycled
biological project product recycle means
it has been recycled from some other
product so basically the wastes of plant
and animal so when plants or animals die
what will happen to
so what will happen to their dead and
decaying matter coming out of plants or
animals so it's nothing but useful comes
out of edit we'll just keep on dumping
on earth so basically that gets recycled
to form something as useful as manual
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