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Quantum Mechanical Model of Atom Video Lecture | Chemistry for JEE Main & Advanced

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FAQs on Quantum Mechanical Model of Atom Video Lecture - Chemistry for JEE Main & Advanced

1. What is the quantum mechanical model of the atom?
Ans. The quantum mechanical model of the atom is a scientific theory that describes the behavior of electrons in atoms. It is based on the principles of quantum mechanics and states that electrons exist in energy levels or orbitals around the nucleus. These orbitals have specific energy values and can only hold a certain number of electrons.
2. How does the quantum mechanical model differ from the Bohr model?
Ans. The quantum mechanical model differs from the Bohr model in several ways. While the Bohr model suggests that electrons move in fixed circular orbits around the nucleus, the quantum mechanical model states that electrons exist in orbitals, which are probability distributions of finding an electron at a particular location. Additionally, the quantum mechanical model allows for the existence of electron spin and incorporates the uncertainty principle, which states that it is impossible to simultaneously know both the position and momentum of an electron with absolute certainty.
3. What are energy levels in the quantum mechanical model?
Ans. In the quantum mechanical model, energy levels refer to the specific energy values that electrons can have within an atom. These energy levels are quantized, meaning they can only have certain discrete values. Electrons occupy these energy levels, and they can move between levels by gaining or losing energy. The energy of an electron is directly related to its distance from the nucleus, with higher energy levels being farther away from the nucleus.
4. How are electron orbitals described in the quantum mechanical model?
Ans. Electron orbitals in the quantum mechanical model are described by a set of quantum numbers. These quantum numbers specify the size, shape, and orientation of the orbitals. The principal quantum number (n) determines the overall energy level and distance from the nucleus. The angular momentum quantum number (l) defines the shape of the orbital, such as s, p, d, or f orbitals. The magnetic quantum number (m) indicates the orbital's orientation in space. Lastly, the spin quantum number (s) describes the electron's spin direction.
5. How does the quantum mechanical model explain the periodic table?
Ans. The quantum mechanical model explains the periodic table by providing a framework for understanding the arrangement of elements based on their electron configurations. Each element has a unique electron configuration, which describes the specific arrangement of electrons in its orbitals. The periodic table is organized according to the increasing order of atomic number, which corresponds to the number of protons in an atom's nucleus. By understanding the electron configurations, the periodic table allows us to predict the properties and reactivity of different elements.
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