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Ocean Currents, Waves and Upwelling - Geography, UPSC Mains Exam Video Lecture
FAQs on Ocean Currents, Waves and Upwelling - Geography, UPSC Mains Exam Video Lecture
| 1. What are ocean currents and how do they form? |  |
Ans. Ocean currents are continuous movements of ocean water in a specific direction. They are primarily formed by a combination of factors including wind, temperature, salinity, and the Earth's rotation. Wind plays a significant role in driving surface currents, while differences in temperature and salinity create density gradients that drive deep ocean currents.
| 2. How do waves form in the ocean? | |
Ans. Waves in the ocean are formed by the transfer of energy from the wind to the water's surface. When wind blows across the ocean, friction between the air and the water generates ripples that develop into waves. The size and strength of waves depend on factors such as wind speed, duration, and fetch (the distance over which the wind blows).
| 3. What is upwelling and why is it important? | |
Ans. Upwelling refers to the process in which cold, nutrient-rich water from the deep ocean rises to the surface. This occurs when winds blow parallel to the coastline, pushing surface water away and allowing deep water to replace it. Upwelling is crucial for marine ecosystems as it brings nutrients to the surface, supporting the growth of phytoplankton, which forms the base of the ocean food chain.
| 4. How do ocean currents affect climate? | |
Ans. Ocean currents play a vital role in regulating global climate patterns. Warm ocean currents carry heat from the equator towards the poles, moderating temperatures in coastal areas. Conversely, cold ocean currents transport cold water from the poles towards the equator, influencing the temperature and climate of regions they pass through. These currents also affect precipitation patterns, impacting weather systems and climate variability.
| 5. How do ocean currents impact marine life? | |
Ans. Ocean currents have a significant impact on marine life. They influence the distribution of nutrients, oxygen, and heat in the ocean, which directly affects the distribution and behavior of marine organisms. Currents can act as highways for the movement of larvae, aiding in the dispersal of marine species. Additionally, they can create upwelling zones where nutrient-rich water supports the growth of phytoplankton, which in turn sustains a diverse range of marine life.
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Nov 07, 2024 Last updated |
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