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Himalayas & Northern Mountains - Indian Geography, UPSC Mains Exam Video Lecture

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FAQs on Himalayas & Northern Mountains - Indian Geography, UPSC Mains Exam Video Lecture

1. What are the major mountain ranges in India?

Ans. The major mountain ranges in India are the Himalayas and the Northern Mountains. The Himalayas are the highest and youngest mountains in the world, stretching across the northern part of India. The Northern Mountains consist of various ranges like the Karakoram, Zanskar, Ladakh, and Pir Panjal ranges.

2. What is the significance of the Himalayas in Indian geography?

Ans. The Himalayas have great significance in Indian geography. They act as a natural barrier, protecting the Indian subcontinent from the cold winds of Central Asia. They also influence the climate by blocking the monsoon winds, resulting in heavy rainfall in the northern plains. The Himalayas are also the source of many major rivers in India, providing water for irrigation and hydroelectric power generation.

3. How do the Himalayas contribute to the biodiversity of India?

Ans. The Himalayas play a crucial role in supporting the rich biodiversity of India. The diverse topography and climatic conditions of the Himalayas create various ecological niches, providing habitats for a wide range of plant and animal species. The region is known for its unique flora and fauna, including rare and endangered species like the snow leopard, Himalayan musk deer, and various medicinal plants.

4. How do the Northern Mountains contribute to India's tourism industry?

Ans. The Northern Mountains, including the Karakoram, Zanskar, Ladakh, and Pir Panjal ranges, attract a large number of tourists to India. These mountain ranges offer breathtaking landscapes, adventure activities like trekking and mountaineering, and opportunities to explore the rich cultural heritage of the region. Popular tourist destinations like Leh, Srinagar, and Shimla are located in the Northern Mountains.

5. What are the challenges faced in the development of the Himalayan region?

Ans. The development of the Himalayan region faces several challenges. The rugged terrain and extreme weather conditions make infrastructure development difficult. The region is prone to natural disasters like earthquakes, landslides, and flash floods. The remote and inaccessible areas pose challenges in providing essential services like healthcare and education. Conservation of the fragile ecosystem and sustainable development are also major concerns in the Himalayan region.

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