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Orbital & Escape Velocity - 2 Video Lecture | Physics for JEE Main & Advanced

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FAQs on Orbital & Escape Velocity - 2 Video Lecture - Physics for JEE Main & Advanced

1. What is orbital velocity and how is it different from escape velocity?
Ans. Orbital velocity is the minimum velocity required for an object to stay in a stable orbit around a celestial body. It is the speed at which the gravitational force pulls the object towards the body, balancing the centrifugal force due to the object's motion. On the other hand, escape velocity is the minimum velocity required for an object to completely overcome the gravitational pull of a celestial body and escape its gravitational field. In simple terms, orbital velocity allows an object to stay in orbit, while escape velocity allows it to break free from the gravitational pull.
2. How is orbital velocity calculated?
Ans. Orbital velocity can be calculated using the formula: V = √(G * M / R) Where: V = Orbital velocity G = Gravitational constant M = Mass of the celestial body R = Distance between the object and the center of the celestial body This formula implies that the orbital velocity is directly proportional to the square root of the mass of the celestial body and inversely proportional to the square root of the distance between the object and the center of the celestial body.
3. What factors determine the escape velocity of a celestial body?
Ans. The escape velocity of a celestial body depends on two factors: the mass of the celestial body and the distance from its center. The greater the mass of the celestial body, the stronger its gravitational pull, requiring a higher escape velocity. Similarly, the closer an object is to the center of the celestial body, the stronger the gravitational pull, resulting in a higher escape velocity.
4. Can a satellite achieve escape velocity?
Ans. No, a satellite cannot achieve escape velocity. Satellites are specifically designed to maintain a stable orbit around a celestial body, and their orbital velocities are much lower than the escape velocity. If a satellite were to reach escape velocity, it would escape the gravitational pull and no longer remain in orbit.
5. What are the practical applications of understanding orbital and escape velocities?
Ans. Understanding orbital and escape velocities is crucial in the field of space exploration and satellite deployment. It helps scientists and engineers calculate the required velocities to launch satellites into specific orbits or escape the Earth's gravitational field. Additionally, knowledge of these velocities is essential for planning space missions, calculating fuel requirements, and ensuring the successful navigation of spacecraft.
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