Mechanical Engineering Exam > Mechanical Engineering Videos > Topper Handwritten Notes & Videos for GATE ME > Modes of Heat Transfer (Conduction, Convection & Radiation) HMT Tutorial- 3, Heat and Mass Transfer, Mechanical Engineering, GATE
Modes of Heat Transfer (Conduction, Convection & Radiation) HMT Tutorial- 3, Heat and Mass Transfer, Mechanical Engineering, GATE Video Lecture | Topper Handwritten Notes & Videos for GATE ME
FAQs on Modes of Heat Transfer (Conduction, Convection & Radiation) HMT Tutorial- 3, Heat and Mass Transfer, Mechanical Engineering, GATE Video Lecture - Topper Handwritten Notes & Videos for GATE ME
| 1. What is conduction and how does it contribute to heat transfer? |  |
Ans. Conduction is the mode of heat transfer where heat is transferred through direct contact between particles or molecules of a substance. In conduction, heat energy is transferred from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature. This transfer occurs through the collision of particles, where the higher energy particles transfer their energy to the lower energy particles. Conduction plays a significant role in heat transfer in solids, such as metals.
| 2. How does convection contribute to heat transfer? | |
Ans. Convection is the mode of heat transfer where heat is transferred through the movement of fluids, such as liquids or gases. Convection occurs when there is a temperature difference within the fluid, causing the hotter fluid to rise and the cooler fluid to sink. This process creates a circulation pattern known as convection currents, which transfer heat from one location to another. Convection is responsible for heat transfer in fluids and plays a crucial role in natural phenomena, such as weather patterns and ocean currents.
| 3. What is radiation and how does it contribute to heat transfer? | |
Ans. Radiation is the mode of heat transfer where heat is transferred through electromagnetic waves. Unlike conduction and convection, radiation does not require a medium to transfer heat. It can occur through a vacuum or in transparent mediums, such as air or glass. All objects with a temperature above absolute zero emit thermal radiation. The amount of radiation emitted and absorbed depends on the temperature and surface properties of the objects involved. Radiation is responsible for heat transfer from the Sun to the Earth and plays a significant role in various everyday applications, such as cooking and heating.
| 4. How do the three modes of heat transfer (conduction, convection, and radiation) differ from each other? | |
Ans. The three modes of heat transfer differ in the way heat is transferred and the medium through which it occurs.
- Conduction involves the transfer of heat through direct contact between particles in a substance, such as metal. It mainly occurs in solids and relies on particle collisions for heat transfer.
- Convection involves the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids, such as liquids or gases. It occurs due to temperature differences within the fluid, creating convection currents that transfer heat.
- Radiation involves the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves. It does not require a medium and can occur through a vacuum or transparent mediums. Radiation is emitted and absorbed by objects based on their temperature and surface properties.
Each mode of heat transfer has its unique characteristics and applications, and they can also occur simultaneously in various scenarios.
| 5. How do the modes of heat transfer affect everyday life and engineering applications? | |
Ans. The modes of heat transfer have significant impacts on our everyday lives and various engineering applications.
In everyday life, understanding conduction, convection, and radiation helps us in managing and controlling temperature in our homes, cooking food, and even feeling the warmth of sunlight. For example, conduction helps cookware transfer heat from a stove to the food, convection allows air conditioning systems to cool or heat a room, and radiation from the Sun warms the Earth's surface.
In engineering applications, these modes of heat transfer play crucial roles. For instance, in thermal power plants, convection is used to transfer heat from steam to water in a heat exchanger, enabling the generation of electricity. In the design of electronic devices, conduction is managed to prevent overheating and ensure efficient cooling. Radiation is utilized in various heating processes, such as infrared heating systems for industrial applications. Understanding and optimizing heat transfer modes are essential in engineering to improve efficiency, safety, and performance.
Text Transcript from Video
and yes so in this video I am going to
share with you more saw heat transfer
right so basically I know this is not
that much difficult to understand but
even then let me share with you modes
are the most important I must say that
ok so here the topic we're we are
considering here modes of heat transfer
so what is this I mean modes what is
basically heat tasks that I have already
shared with your difference between the
task bar and the thermodynamics I have
already shared with you but now most of
it talks for basically there are three
modes right so let me write first that
is why you can understand also
conduction convection and radiation
so there are three are there are three
modes of heat tasks per basically what
is happening here will occur what we are
going to consider here how much heat is
transferring from one place to another
place from one place to another place
with how much time that means heat
transfer heat energy that means the
image of energy Joule and how much time
is per second so the unit would be in
what only one thing is pretty clear if
you are preparing for any complete
examination that you have to know this
that you need to up always amitabh any
modes of heat transfer could be in what
right now three modes let me make you
understand actually if you will go
through in details of all these modes it
will take much more time but today I am
going to share with you some basic
concept of the conduction convection and
radiation right so let's get started
with the conduction so basically what is
conduction I mean generally if heat is
transferring from one in solid not one
place I must say in solid suppose that
we have a rod metallic rod rod must be
good conductor good conductor of heat or
electricity because engine
if any metal or any or any anything is
good conductor of electricity that thing
is also good conductor of heat this is
in general this is a simple concept
right why this is happening yet me share
with you right so what is conduction if
temperature is 100 degree here and I am
providing sources through a lamp
suppose that and lamp is connected with
some you know some may be cares right we
are sources providing sources for
temperature and here the temperature is
already centigrade and as well as use
well that we are not providing any
source of heating here so that means the
temperature would be less than less here
there here so let us say the temperature
is here right so in this process what
will happen the temperature is flow the
direction would be like this because
temperature is always flow from the heat
is always flow from higher temperature
to lower temperature that is why it is
happening all right so why it is
happening why the heat is flowing from
here to here
why not from here to here okay so this
is the concept right because you know
here 100 degree centigrade we are having
here and we are having 20 degree
centigrade why it is flowing from here
to here that is the I know that is a
universal truth that heat always flow
from higher temperature to lower
temperature but why it is happening
that's because of free electrons there
is about 70 percent 70 percent reason
behind is this is happening because of
free electrons present in this metal and
this is a good conductor of electricity
that we call of also that's because of
also free electrons right so that that's
because of free electrons not only the
one reason there is another another few
reasons us like because of lattice
vibration also in solid quick transfer
is taking place because of lattice
vibration but most of them the main
reason is free electrons right so this
is happening in solid so most
the time conduction happenin solid but
it can happen also in liquid it can be
happen also in gas you need to consider
all these three right so let's go for
another mode of heat transfer that is
convection right okay let's go for it
convection so what is convection
basically let me write filter convection
what is convection basically suppose
that you know we all know the winter
season is going on right I don't know
when you are watching this video but let
me share with you as I am making I am
creating this video in the winter season
so if this is just November about
remember okay so witness is in this
going on so what we do is that Li we
having water here okay so we are putting
suppose that roared what we are putting
and rod is connected with the
electricity electricity right and what
will happen you know after few minutes
that if the temperature is right now
suppose that 15 degree centigrade after
few minutes temperature would be around
30 listen to it or even 50 degree
centigrade okay
and after you feel if I will keep on
keep putting this rod inside the water
then temperature will be increased to
about 70 degrees centigrade maybe under
degree centigrade then again it will be
keep on increasing because you know we
are supplying heat inside the temple
inside the water that means what is
happening here from solid the rod is in
solid and it is going to a liquid heat
is transfer into liquid that means from
if heat is transferring from solid to
liquid then that process is known as
convection because of convection process
that is that is happening I must say
that okay because of convection process
only now I think is that what is also
happening simple if we have put we are
we are supplying electricity okay that
means what is happening here the rod or
temperature of abroad is increasing keep
on increasing
so if the rod temperature is 100 degree
centigrade suppose that and water
temperature is only 15 degree centigrade
then according to universal law what
what has happened with the heat heat
always flow from always flow from higher
temperature to lower temperature that's
why the temp the heat is flowing from
rod to water and that is the reason the
temperature of water is keep on
increasing so this is the process well
this is it about convection now we have
lot of things to study in collection
just like Newton's law and there are
many dimensionless number are there so
we will go through all those
dimensionless number that's why we'll
understand each and everything about
convection that so this is all about
convention so one last is remaining that
is radiation radiation so this is also
you know this is a radiation process we
are now utilizing because it's a I what
I have already shared with you it's the
winter season right so what we will do
we go outside and get some vitamin D
because from Sun like so suppose that
this is and this is earth in general
earth is smaller than Sun okay
but even then I let me share with you so
as I am sharing with you that I am look
I am on earth and I am looking at the
Sun so suppose that you are here and
what is happening what is happening the
temperature of Sun is much more than
Earth that is too that's why it is
flowing from Sun to earth but is there
any medium between these you or I must
say Earth and Sun no no there is no
physical medium there is no physical
medium and what I have shared with you
just right now this sentence is most
important in case of radiation yes now
look at this I mean if there is no
physical medium in between source in
between the source and the person is
taking or utilizing that he
eat then that process is known as
radiation there should not be any
physical medium so you need to name you
need to remember this sentence because
this is the most important sentence in
this process in radiation we are having
lot of laws and most important factors
let me share with you if you are
preparing for good then we need to
understand shape factor I have already
shared with you few numerical previous
and numerical problems of gate related
to shape factor or there is another name
of these that is vu factor there is one
of the one of them must say law is there
or theorem is there that is a
reciprocity theorem that is important in
shape factor to solve the numerical
problems with hundred almost hundred
percent accuracy now another thing is
that Planck's constant and and you know
heat transfer taking place between two
rods parallel roads or maybe you know
infinite roads so that is also important
so there you need to understand the
stefan-boltzmann law stefan bold man law
so you need you need to understand this
law so if you are preparing for
competing examination if you're
preparing for university examination
then you need to go through all things
and you need to actually have at least a
overview of all all topics all topics
that's why you cannot write at least in
the investigation right so so what I was
thinking I was talking about like this
so basically what is happening here what
is happening here all these processes in
all these processes I mean all these
process means these processes conduction
convection and radiation we need to
understand one thing that is happening
what is happening all these processes
that is Joule per second I mean energy
heat energy is transferring from one
place to another place with respect to
time we are considering that that is
most important to remember and go for it
so we will understand all these things
in details in my next videos thanks for
watching see you soon in my next video
bye bye
share with you more saw heat transfer
right so basically I know this is not
that much difficult to understand but
even then let me share with you modes
are the most important I must say that
ok so here the topic we're we are
considering here modes of heat transfer
so what is this I mean modes what is
basically heat tasks that I have already
shared with your difference between the
task bar and the thermodynamics I have
already shared with you but now most of
it talks for basically there are three
modes right so let me write first that
is why you can understand also
conduction convection and radiation
so there are three are there are three
modes of heat tasks per basically what
is happening here will occur what we are
going to consider here how much heat is
transferring from one place to another
place from one place to another place
with how much time that means heat
transfer heat energy that means the
image of energy Joule and how much time
is per second so the unit would be in
what only one thing is pretty clear if
you are preparing for any complete
examination that you have to know this
that you need to up always amitabh any
modes of heat transfer could be in what
right now three modes let me make you
understand actually if you will go
through in details of all these modes it
will take much more time but today I am
going to share with you some basic
concept of the conduction convection and
radiation right so let's get started
with the conduction so basically what is
conduction I mean generally if heat is
transferring from one in solid not one
place I must say in solid suppose that
we have a rod metallic rod rod must be
good conductor good conductor of heat or
electricity because engine
if any metal or any or any anything is
good conductor of electricity that thing
is also good conductor of heat this is
in general this is a simple concept
right why this is happening yet me share
with you right so what is conduction if
temperature is 100 degree here and I am
providing sources through a lamp
suppose that and lamp is connected with
some you know some may be cares right we
are sources providing sources for
temperature and here the temperature is
already centigrade and as well as use
well that we are not providing any
source of heating here so that means the
temperature would be less than less here
there here so let us say the temperature
is here right so in this process what
will happen the temperature is flow the
direction would be like this because
temperature is always flow from the heat
is always flow from higher temperature
to lower temperature that is why it is
happening all right so why it is
happening why the heat is flowing from
here to here
why not from here to here okay so this
is the concept right because you know
here 100 degree centigrade we are having
here and we are having 20 degree
centigrade why it is flowing from here
to here that is the I know that is a
universal truth that heat always flow
from higher temperature to lower
temperature but why it is happening
that's because of free electrons there
is about 70 percent 70 percent reason
behind is this is happening because of
free electrons present in this metal and
this is a good conductor of electricity
that we call of also that's because of
also free electrons right so that that's
because of free electrons not only the
one reason there is another another few
reasons us like because of lattice
vibration also in solid quick transfer
is taking place because of lattice
vibration but most of them the main
reason is free electrons right so this
is happening in solid so most
the time conduction happenin solid but
it can happen also in liquid it can be
happen also in gas you need to consider
all these three right so let's go for
another mode of heat transfer that is
convection right okay let's go for it
convection so what is convection
basically let me write filter convection
what is convection basically suppose
that you know we all know the winter
season is going on right I don't know
when you are watching this video but let
me share with you as I am making I am
creating this video in the winter season
so if this is just November about
remember okay so witness is in this
going on so what we do is that Li we
having water here okay so we are putting
suppose that roared what we are putting
and rod is connected with the
electricity electricity right and what
will happen you know after few minutes
that if the temperature is right now
suppose that 15 degree centigrade after
few minutes temperature would be around
30 listen to it or even 50 degree
centigrade okay
and after you feel if I will keep on
keep putting this rod inside the water
then temperature will be increased to
about 70 degrees centigrade maybe under
degree centigrade then again it will be
keep on increasing because you know we
are supplying heat inside the temple
inside the water that means what is
happening here from solid the rod is in
solid and it is going to a liquid heat
is transfer into liquid that means from
if heat is transferring from solid to
liquid then that process is known as
convection because of convection process
that is that is happening I must say
that okay because of convection process
only now I think is that what is also
happening simple if we have put we are
we are supplying electricity okay that
means what is happening here the rod or
temperature of abroad is increasing keep
on increasing
so if the rod temperature is 100 degree
centigrade suppose that and water
temperature is only 15 degree centigrade
then according to universal law what
what has happened with the heat heat
always flow from always flow from higher
temperature to lower temperature that's
why the temp the heat is flowing from
rod to water and that is the reason the
temperature of water is keep on
increasing so this is the process well
this is it about convection now we have
lot of things to study in collection
just like Newton's law and there are
many dimensionless number are there so
we will go through all those
dimensionless number that's why we'll
understand each and everything about
convection that so this is all about
convention so one last is remaining that
is radiation radiation so this is also
you know this is a radiation process we
are now utilizing because it's a I what
I have already shared with you it's the
winter season right so what we will do
we go outside and get some vitamin D
because from Sun like so suppose that
this is and this is earth in general
earth is smaller than Sun okay
but even then I let me share with you so
as I am sharing with you that I am look
I am on earth and I am looking at the
Sun so suppose that you are here and
what is happening what is happening the
temperature of Sun is much more than
Earth that is too that's why it is
flowing from Sun to earth but is there
any medium between these you or I must
say Earth and Sun no no there is no
physical medium there is no physical
medium and what I have shared with you
just right now this sentence is most
important in case of radiation yes now
look at this I mean if there is no
physical medium in between source in
between the source and the person is
taking or utilizing that he
eat then that process is known as
radiation there should not be any
physical medium so you need to name you
need to remember this sentence because
this is the most important sentence in
this process in radiation we are having
lot of laws and most important factors
let me share with you if you are
preparing for good then we need to
understand shape factor I have already
shared with you few numerical previous
and numerical problems of gate related
to shape factor or there is another name
of these that is vu factor there is one
of the one of them must say law is there
or theorem is there that is a
reciprocity theorem that is important in
shape factor to solve the numerical
problems with hundred almost hundred
percent accuracy now another thing is
that Planck's constant and and you know
heat transfer taking place between two
rods parallel roads or maybe you know
infinite roads so that is also important
so there you need to understand the
stefan-boltzmann law stefan bold man law
so you need you need to understand this
law so if you are preparing for
competing examination if you're
preparing for university examination
then you need to go through all things
and you need to actually have at least a
overview of all all topics all topics
that's why you cannot write at least in
the investigation right so so what I was
thinking I was talking about like this
so basically what is happening here what
is happening here all these processes in
all these processes I mean all these
process means these processes conduction
convection and radiation we need to
understand one thing that is happening
what is happening all these processes
that is Joule per second I mean energy
heat energy is transferring from one
place to another place with respect to
time we are considering that that is
most important to remember and go for it
so we will understand all these things
in details in my next videos thanks for
watching see you soon in my next video
bye bye
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