Normal Forms 1NF, 2NF, 3NF & BCNF Video Lecture | Question Bank for GATE Computer Science Engineering - Computer Science Engineering (CSE)

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1. What is the concept of normalization in database design?
Ans. Normalization is a process in database design that helps in eliminating redundancy and improving data integrity. It involves organizing data into tables and applying certain rules to ensure data is stored efficiently. The goal is to minimize data duplication and dependency, leading to a more robust and flexible database structure.
2. What is the purpose of the first normal form (1NF)?
Ans. The first normal form (1NF) ensures that a database table has no repeating groups of columns and all the values are atomic. In other words, each column in a table should hold only a single value, and there should be no duplication of rows. This helps in eliminating data redundancy and simplifies data retrieval and manipulation.
3. How does the second normal form (2NF) differ from the first normal form (1NF)?
Ans. While the first normal form (1NF) focuses on eliminating repeating groups and ensuring atomicity, the second normal form (2NF) takes it a step further. 2NF requires that every non-key attribute in a table is functionally dependent on the entire primary key, rather than just a part of it. It aims to remove any partial dependencies and establish a stronger relationship between the attributes and the primary key.
4. What is the significance of the third normal form (3NF) in database design?
Ans. The third normal form (3NF) aims to eliminate transitive dependencies within a table. It ensures that every non-key attribute is not dependent on other non-key attributes but only on the primary key. By removing such dependencies, 3NF helps in reducing data duplication, improving data consistency, and making the database more efficient.
5. What is Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF) and why is it important?
Ans. Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF) is an advanced level of normalization that addresses the issue of functional dependencies within a table. It requires that every determinant (a set of attributes that uniquely determines other attributes) be a candidate key. BCNF eliminates all non-trivial functional dependencies and ensures that the table is free from redundancy and anomalies. It is important as it guarantees the highest level of data integrity and helps in maintaining the accuracy of the database.
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