Endemic Species in India Video Lecture - Class 8

hello friends this video on conservation
of plants and animals part 9 is brought
to you by exam feel calm no more fear
from exam so now these guys have found
something very interesting so they say
that do you know that there are some
animals which are exclusively found in a
particular area so he means to say that
that particular animal is found only in
one particular area and it is not found
anywhere else now people are quite
surprised that ok that is also possible
so is this also possible that some
animals and then is specific to their
location well yes it is quite very much
possible that some animals inhabit only
in a particular area so for instance
take the example of the flying squid and
all of you would have seen squid in' we
all know how it looks like it runs very
fast but have you ever seen a flying
squirrel many of you would have seen if
you have visited some of these places
where they are exclusively found but
otherwise in our day to day life we do
not commonly see the flying squirrel so
this flying squirrel is something which
is exclusively found in certain areas so
where do we see this flying squid it is
exclusively found in the punch market
National Park so just now we were
talking about the bunch money National
Park so here you exclusively see this
big scienced flying squirrel so these
kind of species which are found
exclusively in some specific areas they
are called endemic species so now we are
going to discuss about some of the
endemic species so what are in naming
species so these are species which are
unique to specific geographic locations
now before we talk about endemic species
what do you mean by species when species
are those group of organisms
which can reproduce amongst themselves
so they are group of organisms that can
reproduce amongst themselves so what do
we mean by that let us make few examples
to understand it better so when you talk
about a dog and think of a cat so do you
think that a dog and a cat and you
produce together to produce something in
between Notley so dogs can reproduce
only if it's dogs
similarly tasks and it produce with cats
humans can reproduce with humans so
because they all belong to the same
species so animals belonging to the same
species they can reproduce amongst
themselves to produce new organisms
however when we talk about dog dog is a
very broad town so even in dogs you have
many different species of dogs so one a
dog belonging to one species cannot
reproduce with another dog belonging to
another species so they cannot breed
with each other so all organisms which
can breed amongst themselves which for
the produce amongst themselves they are
quite species okay
so now these endemic species are those
animals which are specific to some
geographic locations so let us look at
some examples so we have again taken the
same example of the bunch Murray
National Park in multi pradesh so here
if you talk about some of the endemic
species so in plants surrend Emma she's
of this location is the SIA tree and the
wide mango tree so these are some of the
trees which are not found anywhere else
other than the punch Valley National
Park so these are the endemic plants so
we will use the term flora that is
endemic flora would include sadly and
wild mango tree so similarly what are
the endemic fauna that means what are
the animals which are exclusively found
here so an example I already gave in the
previous slide that is the flying
squirrel in that this flying squirrel it
is quite big in size also when compared
to the normal squirrel there is also now
that
squit and it is found here that is by
the Giants wheeler the big sized Sweden
so these are some of the endemic fauna
of punch Murray National Park
their sticks another example like the
Kaziranga National Park that when is
passing the National Park located just
find it out for yourself just try to
locate the various national parks in
India and where each of them are located
so Kazon on the National map if you talk
about the endemic flora so when you talk
about flora that is the plans so some of
the terms which are commonly found here
are marshland elephant grass so these
are some of them flora of this region if
you talk about animals one example of in
fact if when you talk about Kaziranga
National Park Indian Rhino setters as
you can see in the picture so Indian guy
who is something which is very very
popular you found in cars in Avenel fact
other than that also you have swamp here
wild water buffalo we also have a very
high density of tigers present in the
cars around the National Park in fact
you will be amazed to know that there
are four 1719 bird species which exist
in Castle and the National Park so that
is a big number 479 species of birds
different types of birds are present
here in fact there are 42 reptile
species which are present in Kaziranga
National Park so it is a very
diversified National Park where a huge
variety of plants and animals are
present however there is a bad news
relating to the endemic species and that
is that they are highly reduced to
extinction they are more likely to
become extinct what do we mean by become
extinct something which gets lost
forever
so on the screen itself I have shown you
the Moose for an example of extinction
and that
dinosaurs so do you see dinosaurs now
they don't exist anymore so wherever you
see them we see them only on TV although
our movies so that's where we see
dinosaurs but they do not exist in
reality anymore but is it a virtual
dream it is not because they existed
once upon a time so how come they
vanished all of a sudden that's because
gradually they start introducing a
number lo long time back a large number
of dinosaurs existed on earth but over a
period of time their numbers kept on
reducing and finally their knife will
decrease to zero so when their number
degrees to zero unlike what happened
there is no dinosaur existing on earth
so when no dinosaur existed obviously
there will be no dinosaur coming up
again in future and that's how they
became extinct and this is how a species
become extinct so whenever the number of
a species is reducing very fast so
inside a check for us back the species
it's nearing its extinction so we need
preserve and conserve those species so
endemic species are at higher risk of
extinction now why do you think so
because these species are present only
in some very specific locations they are
not is an everywhere so it is quite
obvious that if a particular type of
animal is present only in a particular
area so any mishap that takes place in
that area might cause damage to all the
animals of that area
now since the species is not existing in
any other area so we end up reducing the
species forever because it is not
existing in multiple areas so that is
why individual species I at higher risk
of extinction so let us have a closer
look at the reasons of its higher
extinction one is loss of habitat now
due to human exploitation or due to
forest fires
so forest fires could be mine region
region
okay so forests I could be one reason of
loss of habitat
another reason could be human
exploitation like deforestation breaking
down the trees and cutting or clearing
of the entire forest so these could be
some reason somebody clear of the entire
cottage obviously the animals living
there they're going to lose their
habitat so many of them could die
so now just for an instance that
especially if we talk about the Panch
Valley National Park there are certain
animals and plants which are very
exclusively present there for example
the white bamboo tree it is present only
in part Valley National Park and it is
not present in many other places so if
any sort of damage happens to punch
multi National Park what will happen to
the white mango tree all of them will
get finished they'll all get over there
get damaged now once they get damaged
now you do not have the same white man
poaching in a hen's so you miss very end
up reducing that entire species
so while mango tree becomes extinct so
that is one cause that they are at high
risk of extinction second is
introduction of new species to the area
now let us suppose since the presence of
that endemic species is highly dependent
of the area now if some news foreign
species enter inside that area so that
new species might attack these existing
species or they might eat up these
species and that's how these species
might end for example again let us take
the same example of punch for the
National Park as I said that the flag is
queer and is an Indian spaceship species
of
Tasman National Park and it is suppose
that some huge animal a different animal
certainty and there should be managed by
the National Park and that animal feeds
only on flags will so what will happen
it will eat them all the time skill now
once all the friends we will have been
eat an option we do not get with any
mood either in part Valley National Park
or anywhere else because it was not
existing
is anywhere else so that is if I speak a
new species and thirst which might
attack the species so they can attack
the endemic species so that is one list
the other this is that introduction of
these new species they might compete
with the endemic species that means they
might compete with maybe the Chinese
winner or the flying squirrel which was
an alien species stood by trial but now
a new organism a new animal came in to
punch Valley National Park whose
requirements are the same as them flying
squid so that means they became
competitors to play nice with it so when
they become competitors so obviously
trying to Sweden fly to sweden might
have to face that in back so due to the
introduction of new species also
sometimes endemic species become extinct
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