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Audio Notes: राज्य विधानमंडल Video Lecture | UPSC Audio Notes in Hindi

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FAQs on Audio Notes: राज्य विधानमंडल Video Lecture - UPSC Audio Notes in Hindi

1. What is the structure of the state legislature in India?
Ans. The structure of the state legislature in India varies from state to state. Generally, it can be unicameral or bicameral. In a bicameral legislature, there are two houses: the Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) and the Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad). The Legislative Assembly is composed of representatives directly elected by the people, while the Legislative Council includes members elected by various means, such as local authority members, graduates, and teachers. Unicameral legislatures consist only of the Legislative Assembly.
2. What are the key functions of the state legislature?
Ans. The state legislature has several key functions, including law-making, budget approval, and oversight of the executive. It formulates and enacts laws on subjects enumerated in the State List and Concurrent List of the Constitution. The legislature also discusses and approves the state budget, ensuring financial accountability. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in scrutinizing the actions of the executive, demanding accountability through questions, debates, and committees.
3. How are the members of the state legislature elected?
Ans. Members of the Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) are directly elected by the people of the state through a first-past-the-post voting system. The number of members varies depending on the population of the state. In contrast, the members of the Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad) are elected through different methods, including elections by local authorities, nominations by the governor, and elections by graduates and teachers from specific constituencies.
4. What is the significance of the Governor in the state legislature?
Ans. The Governor acts as the constitutional head of the state and plays a significant role in the functioning of the state legislature. The Governor summons and prorogues the sessions of the legislature, gives assent to bills, and can also return a bill for reconsideration, except for money bills. Additionally, the Governor addresses the first session of the legislature after each general election and at the beginning of the first session of each year, outlining the government's agenda and priorities.
5. What are the powers of the state legislature in relation to the Union government?
Ans. The state legislature has specific powers in relation to the Union government, particularly concerning subjects listed in the Concurrent List of the Constitution. While both the state and Union legislatures can legislate on these subjects, in case of conflict, the law made by the Parliament prevails. However, the state legislature can also enact laws on certain subjects even if Parliament has already made laws, provided the state law is not inconsistent with the Union law. This reflects the federal structure of governance in India.
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