All questions of October Week 4 for Class 6 Exam

The larva stage in the life cycle of a mosquito is aquatic and feeds on organic matter.

A kite shape has one line of symmetry, so when it is folded along this line, the two halves overlap perfectly.

Understanding Germination
Germination is the key process by which a seed transforms into a new plant. It marks the beginning of a plant's life cycle and is crucial for the propagation of plant species.
Stages of Germination
- Seed Dormancy: Before germination, seeds are often in a dormant state. They require specific conditions such as moisture, temperature, and sometimes light to initiate the process.
- Water Absorption: The seed absorbs water through a process called imbibition. This hydration activates enzymes that trigger metabolic processes.
- Growth Initiation: Once hydrated, the seed's embryo begins to grow. The radicle (embryonic root) emerges first, anchoring the plant and absorbing nutrients from the soil.
- Shoot Emergence: Following the root, the shoot (plumule) breaks through the soil surface. This leads to the development of leaves, which will start photosynthesis.
Conditions for Germination
- Moisture: Adequate water is essential for activating the seed's metabolic processes.
- Temperature: Different seeds have specific temperature ranges that favor germination. Most seeds germinate best in warm conditions.
- Oxygen: Seeds require oxygen for respiration, which is necessary to produce energy for growth.
Importance of Germination
- Plant Growth: Successful germination leads to the establishment of new plants, contributing to biodiversity and ecosystem stability.
- Agriculture: Understanding germination is crucial for farmers and gardeners to ensure healthy crop production.
In summary, germination is a vital biological process that leads to the formation of new plants from seeds, ensuring the continuation of plant life and contributing to the environment.

Role of Stomata in Plants
Stomata are tiny openings, primarily located on the underside of leaves, that play a crucial role in the life of plants. Their main function is gas exchange, which is essential for processes such as photosynthesis and respiration.
Gas Exchange
- Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide: Stomata allow carbon dioxide (CO2) to enter the plant for photosynthesis while enabling the release of oxygen (O2) as a byproduct.
- Respiration: During respiration, plants take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide. Stomata facilitate this exchange, ensuring that plants can perform both processes efficiently.
Water Regulation
- Transpiration: Stomata also play a vital role in transpiration, a process where water vapor is released from the plant into the atmosphere. This helps in cooling the plant and maintaining nutrient flow from the roots to the leaves.
- Homeostasis: By opening and closing, stomata regulate water loss and maintain internal balance, preventing excessive dehydration.
Environmental Adaptations
- Response to Conditions: Stomata can open or close in response to environmental conditions such as light intensity, humidity, and carbon dioxide levels. This adaptability helps plants optimize their gas exchange and water use.
In summary, stomata are essential for the exchange of gases in plants, allowing for vital processes like photosynthesis and respiration while also regulating water loss. This makes option 'B' the correct answer regarding the role of stomata in plants.

Importance of Ward Committees in Urban Local Bodies
Ward committees play a crucial role in the functioning of urban local bodies. They serve as a vital link between the local government and the community. Here’s why they are important:
Facilitating Local Activities
- Ward committees are essential for organizing and managing local community activities. They help in planning events, social gatherings, and cultural programs that foster community spirit.
- They serve as a platform for residents to come together, share ideas, and collaborate on various local initiatives, enhancing community engagement.
Reporting Issues
- One of the primary functions of ward committees is to identify and report local issues to the urban local bodies. This can include problems related to sanitation, roads, parks, and other public services.
- By acting as the voice of the residents, ward committees ensure that concerns are heard and addressed promptly by the authorities.
Promoting Transparency and Accountability
- Ward committees enhance transparency in local governance by allowing residents to participate in decision-making processes. This involvement helps hold local officials accountable for their actions.
- By involving citizens in discussions regarding local budgets and development plans, ward committees ensure that the needs and priorities of the community are considered.
Encouraging Civic Participation
- These committees encourage residents to take an active role in their community. This participation fosters a sense of ownership and responsibility among citizens towards their local environment.
- When people are involved in planning and decision-making, it leads to better outcomes and improved quality of life in urban areas.
In summary, ward committees are vital in facilitating local activities and addressing community issues, making them an integral part of urban local governance.

The main difference is that a Municipal Corporation manages cities with a population above 10 lakhs, while a Municipal Council is for cities with a population between 1 and 10 lakhs. This distinction helps in managing urban areas based on their population size and specific needs.

A square has 4 lines of symmetry, two diagonals, and two axes (horizontal and vertical) through its center.

Reproduction is the biological process by which new individuals of the same species are produced.

Understanding Rotational Symmetry
Rotational symmetry occurs when a shape can be rotated around a central point and still look the same at certain angles.
Shapes in the Options:
- Circle: A circle has infinite lines of symmetry and rotational symmetry at any angle.
- Scalene Triangle: A scalene triangle has no lines of symmetry and lacks rotational symmetry.
- Rectangle: A rectangle has two lines of symmetry and also has rotational symmetry (180 degrees).
- Parallelogram: A parallelogram has rotational symmetry (180 degrees) but typically has no lines of symmetry, especially when it is not a rectangle or rhombus.
Why Parallelograms Fit the Criteria:
- The parallelogram can be rotated 180 degrees and appear unchanged, demonstrating rotational symmetry.
- Lines of symmetry are defined as a line that divides a shape into two identical halves. A general parallelogram does not have such lines unless it is a special case (like a rectangle or rhombus).
Conclusion:
Thus, the correct answer is option 'D', as a parallelogram exemplifies a shape that possesses rotational symmetry without having any lines of symmetry. This unique characteristic sets it apart from the other options provided.

A sunflower turning its head to face the sun (phototropism) is an example of movement in plants.

Sweating to remove excess salts is an example of excretion in humans.

Importance of Citizen Participation in Local Governance
Citizen participation in local governance is crucial for the efficient functioning of urban local bodies. Here’s why:
Effective Decision-Making
- Local governance involves making decisions that directly impact the community.
- When citizens participate, their voices and concerns are heard, leading to informed and inclusive decisions.
Accountability and Transparency
- Engaged citizens hold local officials accountable for their actions and decisions.
- Participation promotes transparency, ensuring that government operations are open and accessible.
Responsive Services
- Local bodies can better understand the needs and preferences of the community through citizen input.
- This leads to improved public services, such as waste management, transportation, and housing.
Strengthening Community Bonds
- Active participation fosters a sense of belonging and community spirit among residents.
- It encourages collaboration and partnerships, enhancing social cohesion.
Empowerment and Civic Responsibility
- When citizens are involved, they feel empowered to contribute to their community’s well-being.
- This cultivates a culture of civic responsibility, where individuals actively engage in local issues.
Innovation and Problem-Solving
- Diverse perspectives from citizens can lead to creative solutions to urban challenges.
- Collaboration between citizens and local authorities can drive innovative policies and initiatives.
In conclusion, citizen participation is vital for the efficient functioning of urban local bodies, as it enhances decision-making, accountability, and service delivery while fostering community engagement and empowerment.

A regular pentagon has rotational symmetry at 72 degrees, so it looks the same after a 72-degree rotation.

Role of a Municipal Corporation
Municipal Corporations play a significant role in managing urban areas, particularly in cities with large populations. Below are the key responsibilities that underline their importance.
Urban Development Oversight
- Municipal Corporations are primarily responsible for overseeing urban development in cities with populations exceeding 10 lakhs (1 million).
- They ensure that urban planning aligns with the needs of the community, addressing housing, infrastructure, and public services.
Public Health and Sanitation
- They manage public health initiatives, including waste management, sanitation services, and water supply.
- This responsibility is crucial for maintaining a healthy living environment for residents.
Infrastructure Development
- Municipal Corporations are tasked with developing and maintaining essential infrastructure such as roads, parks, and public transport systems.
- They also facilitate the construction of public facilities like schools and hospitals.
Regulation of Land Use
- They regulate land use and zoning laws to ensure organized urban growth.
- This helps prevent overcrowding and supports sustainable development.
Local Governance
- Municipal Corporations act as a local government body, representing the interests of the citizens.
- They hold elections to elect representatives who make decisions on local issues, ensuring community involvement in governance.
Conclusion
In summary, the primary role of a Municipal Corporation is to manage urban development in cities with a population over 10 lakhs. This encompasses various responsibilities, including public health, infrastructure, regulation of land use, and local governance, making them essential for the functioning of modern cities.

Urban local bodies are responsible for maintaining infrastructure and public services such as roads, water supply, and waste management. They ensure that cities and towns are well-managed and provide necessary services to residents. An interesting fact is that the Greater Chennai Corporation, established in 1688, is the oldest municipal institution in India.

Understanding Lines of Symmetry
Lines of symmetry are defined as imaginary lines that divide a shape into two identical halves that are mirror images of each other.
Types of Figures Analyzed
- Pentagon: A regular pentagon has 5 lines of symmetry, while an irregular pentagon may have fewer or none.
- Hexagon: A regular hexagon has 6 lines of symmetry. Like the pentagon, irregular hexagons may have fewer lines.
- Circle: A circle has an infinite number of lines of symmetry. Any line drawn through the center of a circle divides it into two equal halves.
- Line Segment: A line segment has only one line of symmetry, which is the line that bisects it.
Why the Circle Has Infinite Lines of Symmetry
- Every Diameter Counts: Any line that passes through the center of the circle acts as a line of symmetry. This includes horizontal, vertical, and diagonal lines.
- Uniformity: The circular shape is uniform in all directions, meaning that no matter where you draw a line through the center, both halves will always look identical.
- Contrast with Other Shapes: Unlike polygons (pentagon and hexagon) that have a limited number of sides, a circle can have a line of symmetry at every angle, leading to infinity.
Conclusion
In summary, out of the given options, the circle stands out as the only figure with infinitely many lines of symmetry, making option 'C' the correct answer.

Nutrition is the process by which living beings obtain and use food for their growth, energy, and maintenance.

The froglet stage is when a frog develops legs and lungs, transitioning from an aquatic to a terrestrial environment.

Respiration is the process by which living beings exchange gases with their environment, taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide.

The smallest angle of rotation that maps a regular hexagon onto itself is 60 degrees, corresponding to its order of rotational symmetry.

Primary Role of the Madras Corporation
The Madras Corporation, established in 1688, was primarily tasked with urban governance and administration.
Municipal Administration
- The main responsibility of the Madras Corporation was to manage the urban landscape of Madras (now Chennai).
- It focused on the effective administration of the city’s resources, infrastructure, and public services.
Levying Municipal Taxes
- The Corporation was empowered to levy municipal taxes, which were essential for funding city services.
- These taxes were used for maintaining roads, sanitation, and public health systems.
Urban Planning and Development
- The Corporation played a crucial role in planning the growth and development of the city.
- It ensured that necessary facilities like water supply and waste management were addressed.
Community Services
- The Corporation was responsible for providing essential services to the residents, improving their quality of life.
- This included public health measures, street lighting, and waste management.
Significance in Governance
- The establishment of the Madras Corporation marked a significant step in local self-governance in India.
- It laid the foundation for modern municipal governance, influencing other cities in the country.
In summary, the Madras Corporation's primary role was to levy municipal taxes and manage urban administration, ensuring the orderly growth and functioning of the city. This role was vital for the welfare of the citizens and the overall development of Madras.

Indore received the award for the cleanest city in India under the Swachh Survekshan government scheme for 7 years in a row. This achievement highlights the active participation of Indore's citizens and their commitment to maintaining cleanliness and hygiene in the city.

Understanding Decentralization in Urban Governance
Decentralization in urban governance refers to the process where local communities gain the power to participate actively in decision-making regarding the management of their areas. This concept emphasizes the importance of local involvement and authority rather than centralized control.
Key Aspects of Decentralization:
- Empowerment of Local Communities:
Decentralization allows local residents to have their voices heard in governance. This leads to more tailored solutions that reflect the unique needs and preferences of the community.
- Improved Responsiveness:
Local governance can respond more quickly and effectively to challenges and opportunities. Local leaders are often more in touch with the issues affecting their communities than distant central authorities.
- Increased Participation:
Citizens are encouraged to engage in the democratic process, fostering a sense of ownership and responsibility towards their local environment and governance.
- Better Resource Allocation:
Local governance can manage resources more effectively, ensuring that funds and services are directed where they are most needed.
Conclusion:
In summary, decentralization in urban governance represents a shift of power from a central authority to local communities. This model enhances democratic participation, increases accountability, and promotes more effective management of urban issues. By giving local communities a say in their governance, decentralization helps create more livable and responsive urban environments.

Responsible citizens help in the efficient functioning of urban local bodies by reporting problems like water leaks and following waste segregation rules. Their active participation ensures that local bodies can address issues promptly and manage services effectively.

A rock is an example of a non-living thing as it does not exhibit characteristics of life such as growth, respiration, or reproduction.

Participatory democracy is a governance system that aims to empower citizens to actively participate in their country's functioning. It involves citizens in decision-making processes at various levels, ensuring that their voices are heard and their needs are addressed. This system promotes transparency, accountability, and inclusiveness in governance.

A regular octagon has 8 lines of symmetry, one for each vertex and the midpoint of the opposite side.

An isosceles triangle has only one line of symmetry that passes through its vertex and the midpoint of the base.

A square looks the same after being rotated by 90 degrees because it has rotational symmetry at this angle.