All questions of Mass Media & Society for UGC NET Exam

Introduction to Facebook's Launch
Facebook, one of the most significant social media platforms today, was officially launched in the year 2004. Understanding the context and timeline of its inception helps in grasping its evolution.
Background of Facebook
- Facebook was created by Mark Zuckerberg along with his college roommates Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin Moskovitz, and Chris Hughes while they were students at Harvard University.
- The initial concept was to connect Harvard students, allowing them to create personal profiles and share information with one another.
Milestones in 2004
- February 4, 2004: Facebook was launched as "Thefacebook," initially exclusive to Harvard students.
- The platform quickly gained popularity, expanding to other Ivy League universities and eventually to colleges across the United States and Canada.
- By the end of 2004, Facebook had over a million registered users, demonstrating rapid growth and interest.
Subsequent Developments
- In 2005, the company dropped "The" from its name, becoming simply "Facebook."
- Over the years, Facebook introduced various features such as the news feed, groups, and pages, further enhancing user engagement.
Conclusion
The year 2004 marks a pivotal moment in social media history, as Facebook laid the foundation for how people connect and communicate online. Its official launch not only changed the landscape of social networking but also paved the way for future innovations in digital communication.

Establishment of the Children's Film Society of India
The Children's Film Society of India (CFSI) plays a crucial role in the development and promotion of children's cinema in India. Established in 1959, the organization focuses on producing and distributing films specifically for children, fostering a love for cinema among young audiences.
Key Points of CFSI's Establishment:
- Year of Establishment:
CFSI was founded in 1959, marking a significant step towards creating a dedicated platform for children's films in India.
- Purpose:
The primary aim of CFSI is to produce and promote films that cater to the interests and understanding of children. It seeks to create content that is not only entertaining but also educational.
- Filmmaking Support:
The organization supports filmmakers in creating quality content that resonates with young audiences. This support includes funding, distribution, and showcasing their work through various platforms.
- Impact on Children's Cinema:
CFSI has been instrumental in encouraging the production of films that reflect the values and issues relevant to children. It has helped in nurturing talent in children's filmmaking and has significantly contributed to the cultural landscape of Indian cinema.
- Legacy:
Over the years, CFSI has produced numerous acclaimed films, enriching children's entertainment and education. It continues to be a pivotal institution in promoting the importance of cinema for young minds.
In summary, the Children's Film Society of India, established in 1959, has been a cornerstone in developing a vibrant ecosystem for children's filmmaking, ensuring that young audiences have access to meaningful and engaging content.

Understanding the Term "Fourth Estate"
The term "Fourth Estate" refers to the press and news media, both in explicit capacity of advocacy and in implicit ability to frame political issues. It acts as a critical check on government powers, influencing public opinion and policy.
Historical Context
- The concept of the "Fourth Estate" originated in the 18th century, referring to the role of the press as a separate entity from the three traditional estates of the realm: the clergy (First Estate), the nobility (Second Estate), and the commoners (Third Estate).
- Over time, journalism and media have evolved into pivotal societal institutions that inform the public and hold power to account.
Role of 89 Media
- 89 Media is engaged in activities that align with the principles of the Fourth Estate, promoting transparency, accountability, and informed citizenship.
- By disseminating information, they play a significant role in shaping public discourse and ensuring that diverse voices are heard.
Why "Fourth Estate" Matters
- The Fourth Estate is essential for democracy; it empowers citizens with the knowledge necessary to engage in political processes.
- It serves as a watchdog, investigating and reporting on issues that affect society, thereby fostering an informed electorate.
Conclusion
Recognizing 89 Media as part of the Fourth Estate underscores the importance of media in a democratic society. Their role goes beyond mere reporting, as they contribute to the public sphere, influence policy, and uphold the tenets of democracy.

Communication via new media such as computers, teleshopping, internet, and mobile telephony is termed as interactive communication. This form of communication allows for real-time interaction between users and the media platform, enabling engagement and participation.

Press censorship in India was imposed during the tenure of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. This period was marked by significant restrictions on the media, aimed at controlling the flow of information during a tumultuous political climate. The imposition of press censorship had far-reaching implications for freedom of the press in the country.

Dada Sahib Phalke is widely recognized as the pioneer of the silent feature film in India. His groundbreaking work includes "Raja Harishchandra," the first full-length Indian feature film released in 1913. This marked the beginning of the Indian film industry and laid the foundation for the development of cinema in the country.

WhatsApp was founded by both Brian Acton and Jan Koum. These two former employees of Yahoo! developed the messaging app to provide a simple, secure, and reliable way for people to communicate globally using their internet connection rather than traditional SMS services.

The largest circulated daily newspaper among the options provided is The Times of India. It has a wide readership across the country and covers a variety of news categories catering to a diverse audience.