All questions of Melting Ice in Alaska for Class 8 Exam

Significant Environmental Effect of Thawing Permafrost
Thawing permafrost is a critical environmental issue, particularly in polar regions. As temperatures rise due to climate change, permafrost—frozen ground that has remained at or below 0°C for two or more consecutive years—begins to thaw. This phenomenon has several significant effects, with the most critical being the release of greenhouse gases.
Release of Greenhouse Gases
- When permafrost thaws, organic materials that have been frozen for thousands of years begin to decompose.
- This decomposition process releases greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), into the atmosphere.
- Methane is particularly concerning as it is over 25 times more effective at trapping heat in the atmosphere compared to CO2 over a 100-year period.
- The increase in these gases contributes to a positive feedback loop where warming temperatures lead to more thawing, which in turn releases more gases, further exacerbating climate change.
Additional Consequences
- The release of greenhouse gases not only contributes to global warming but may also lead to changes in weather patterns, affecting ecosystems worldwide.
- This process can increase the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, further impacting both natural habitats and human communities.
Conclusion
In summary, the thawing of permafrost primarily results in the release of greenhouse gases, significantly contributing to climate change. This environmental effect highlights the interconnectedness of climate systems and the urgent need for actions to mitigate global warming.

Understanding the Human Experience in Relation to Climate Change
Climate change is a multifaceted issue that deeply impacts human existence. The correct answer, option 'D', underscores the importance of adaptability and unity in facing this global challenge.
Importance of Adaptability
- Climate change forces individuals and communities to adapt to new realities.
- This includes adjusting agricultural practices, altering urban planning, and developing sustainable lifestyles.
- Flexibility in thinking and actions is crucial for survival and resilience in the face of environmental shifts.
Unity as a Collective Response
- Climate change is a global issue that transcends borders.
- Collaborative efforts among nations, communities, and individuals are essential to effectively tackle its impacts.
- Unity fosters shared responsibilities, enabling resource sharing, knowledge exchange, and joint initiatives.
Interconnectedness of Human Experience
- The effects of climate change are felt across various aspects of life, including health, food security, and economic stability.
- A united front allows for a comprehensive approach to addressing these challenges, emphasizing that no one is immune to its consequences.
Hope and Action
- The lesson conveys that while climate change poses significant threats, collective adaptability and unity can lead to hopeful outcomes.
- Individuals can contribute positively by engaging in community efforts, advocating for policies, and adopting sustainable practices.
In conclusion, the lesson highlights that the human experience in relation to climate change is not just about facing adversity; it’s about harnessing the power of adaptability and unity to create a sustainable future for all.