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All questions of Cytoskeleton (BIO) for MCAT Exam

Which cytoskeletal component provides structural support to the nuclear envelope?
  • a)
    Microtubules
  • b)
    Microfilaments
  • c)
    Intermediate filaments
  • d)
    Lysosomes
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Orion Classes answered
Intermediate filaments play a role in providing structural support to the nuclear envelope, which surrounds the nucleus. They help maintain the shape and integrity of the nuclear membrane.
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Which cytoskeletal component is involved in the movement of organelles and vesicles within the cell?
  • a)
    Microtubules
  • b)
    Microfilaments
  • c)
    Intermediate filaments
  • d)
    Nucleosomes
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Orion Classes answered
Microtubules serve as tracks for the movement of organelles and vesicles within the cell. Motor proteins, such as dynein and kinesin, utilize microtubules for intracellular transport.

Which cytoskeletal component is involved in cell motility and the formation of cellular protrusions like lamellipodia and filopodia?
  • a)
    Microtubules
  • b)
    Microfilaments
  • c)
    Intermediate filaments
  • d)
    Peroxisomes
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Orion Classes answered
Microfilaments, or actin filaments, are involved in cell motility and the formation of cellular protrusions such as lamellipodia and filopodia. These structures enable cell movement and exploration of the environment.

Which cytoskeletal component is responsible for maintaining cell shape and providing mechanical support?
  • a)
    Microtubules
  • b)
    Microfilaments
  • c)
    Intermediate filaments
  • d)
    Ribosomes
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Orion Classes answered
Intermediate filaments provide mechanical support to cells and help maintain cell shape. They are particularly important in tissues subjected to mechanical stress, such as the skin and muscles.

Which cytoskeletal component is involved in the formation of the cleavage furrow during cell division?
  • a)
    Microtubules
  • b)
    Microfilaments
  • c)
    Intermediate filaments
  • d)
    Nucleosomes
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Orion Classes answered
Microfilaments, specifically actin filaments, are responsible for the formation of the cleavage furrow during cell division. They contract and pinch the cell membrane inward, eventually leading to cell separation.

Which cytoskeletal component is involved in the formation of cilia and flagella?
  • a)
    Microtubules
  • b)
    Microfilaments
  • c)
    Intermediate filaments
  • d)
    Centrosomes
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Orion Classes answered
Microtubules play a crucial role in the formation and movement of cilia and flagella. They form the axoneme, the structural backbone of these cellular extensions, which allows for their motility.

Which organelle is involved in the nucleation and organization of microtubules?
  • a)
    Nucleus
  • b)
    Golgi apparatus
  • c)
    Endoplasmic reticulum
  • d)
    Centrosome
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Orion Classes answered
The centrosome, located near the nucleus, plays a key role in the nucleation and organization of microtubules. It contains a pair of centrioles and serves as a microtubule-organizing center.

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?
  • a)
    Microtubules
  • b)
    Microfilaments
  • c)
    Intermediate filaments
  • d)
    Mitochondria
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Orion Classes answered
The cytoskeleton is composed of three main components: microtubules, microfilaments (also known as actin filaments), and intermediate filaments. Mitochondria, on the other hand, are organelles involved in energy production and are not part of the cytoskeleton.

Microtubules are composed of:
  • a)
    Actin subunits
  • b)
    Tubulin subunits
  • c)
    Keratin subunits
  • d)
    Myosin subunits
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Orion Classes answered
Microtubules are made up of tubulin protein subunits. These hollow cylindrical structures provide structural support, serve as tracks for intracellular transport, and are involved in cell division and cell motility.

Which of the following cytoskeletal components is involved in muscle contraction?
  • a)
    Microtubules
  • b)
    Microfilaments
  • c)
    Intermediate filaments
  • d)
    Centrioles
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Orion Classes answered
Microfilaments, or actin filaments, are responsible for muscle contraction. The interaction between actin and myosin proteins generates the force required for muscle contraction.

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