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All questions of HOTS (High Order Thinking Skills) for Class 6 Exam

What is a primary function of a firewall in computer networks?
(1) Blocking unauthorized access to a network.
(2) Speeding up the internet connection.
(3) Monitoring network traffic.
  • a)
    Only (1)
  • b)
    Both (1) and (2)
  • c)
    Both (1) and (3)
  • d)
    (1), (2), and (3)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Harshad Goyal answered
Understanding Firewall Functions
Firewalls are essential components of computer networks, serving multiple critical functions.
1. Blocking Unauthorized Access
- The primary function of a firewall is to act as a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks, such as the internet.
- It monitors incoming and outgoing traffic and blocks any unauthorized access attempts, protecting sensitive data from potential threats.
2. Monitoring Network Traffic
- Firewalls continuously monitor network traffic to identify any suspicious activity.
- By analyzing data packets, they can detect and alert administrators to potential security breaches or attacks, ensuring a safe network environment.
3. Speeding Up Internet Connection
- While firewalls do not inherently speed up internet connections, they can help optimize network performance by managing traffic.
- By controlling data flow and preventing unwanted or malicious traffic, firewalls can indirectly lead to improved speeds for legitimate users.
Conclusion
The correct answer is option 'C' because firewalls primarily focus on blocking unauthorized access (1) and monitoring network traffic (3). While they can contribute to network performance, speeding up the internet connection is not their main function (2). Therefore, the combination of blocking unauthorized access and monitoring traffic outlines the core responsibilities of a firewall.

Which of the following is NOT a common use of a database?
  • a)
    Storing large amounts of structured data
  • b)
    Running complex calculations on data
  • c)
    Maintaining records of transactions
  • d)
    Managing user information
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

EduRev Class 6 answered
Databases are primarily used to store and manage large amounts of structured data, maintain records of transactions, and manage user information. Running complex calculations on data is more typically done using specialized software or programming languages.

Which of the following is an example of a web browser?
  • a)
    Google Chrome
  • b)
    Microsoft Excel
  • c)
    Mozilla Firefox
  • d)
    Both (A) and (C)
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

EduRev Class 6 answered
Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox are web browsers used to access the internet, while Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet application.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a strong password?
  • a)
    It includes uppercase and lowercase letters.
  • b)
    It contains numbers and special characters.
  • c)
    It is easy to remember and short.
  • d)
    It is at least 8 characters long.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Dr Manju Sen answered
A strong password should be difficult to guess, typically containing a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, special characters, and be at least 8 characters long. An easy-to-remember and short password does not meet these criteria.

What is the only restriction that computers have while messaging via e-mail?
  • a)
    Data should not be in.rtf format.
  • b)
    Data should not be in. odt format.
  • c)
    Data should not be in. docx format.
  • d)
    Data should be in readable format.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Adya Garg answered
Readable Format Emails are a form of communication that require the content to be understandable to the recipient. This means that: - Text Clarity: The data should be in a format that can be easily read and interpreted by the recipient. Common formats include plain text and widely-used document formats. - Compatibility: Various email clients support specific formats. If the data is in a format that is not recognized or supported, it may not display correctly or at all, rendering it unreadable. - User Accessibility: Recipients may use different devices or applications to access emails. Therefore, ensuring that the content is in a universally readable format enhances accessibility. Other Format Restrictions While the question mentions specific formats like .rtf, .odt, and .docx, these do not inherently restrict email communication. Instead, they may present challenges in terms of compatibility or usability. - Common Formats: Formats like .docx or .pdf are often used, but they should be accompanied by proper software to view them. If the software is not available, the data may not be readable. - Focus on Readability: The essence of email communication lies in conveying information clearly. Therefore, ensuring that the content is in a readable format is crucial to effective communication. In summary, the only real restriction for messaging via email is that the data must be in a readable format, ensuring clarity and accessibility for all recipients.


What is a strong password characteristic?
  • a)
    Contains at least eight characters.
  • b)
    Includes a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special symbols.
  • c)
    Uses common words or phrases.
  • d)
    (1) and (2)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Vp Classes answered
A strong password should have a minimum length of eight characters and a combination of different types of characters. Common words or phrases should be avoided as they are easier to guess.

Which device is used to connect multiple computers to form a network?
  • a)
    Monitor
  • b)
    Keyboard
  • c)
    Switch
  • d)
    Printer
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Vp Classes answered
A switch is a networking device that connects multiple computers within a local area network (LAN), enabling them to communicate with each other.

Which one of these is an example of an input device?
  • a)
    Monitor
  • b)
    Printer
  • c)
    Mouse
  • d)
    Speaker
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Dr Manju Sen answered
A mouse is an input device that allows the user to interact with the computer by moving the cursor on the screen and selecting objects.

Which of the following statements is incorrect about fourth generation computers?
  • a)
    They had larger primary and secondary storage capacity as compared to third generation computers.
  • b)
    They were general purpose machines.
  • c)
    Their manufacturing process required manual assembly of individual components into electronic circuits.
  • d)
    They consumed less power than third generation computers.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Palak Nambiar answered
Incorrect Statement about Fourth Generation Computers: c) Their manufacturing process required manual assembly of individual components into electronic circuits.

Explanation:
The fourth generation of computers was developed in the late 1970s and continued into the early 1990s. These computers were a significant advancement over the previous generations in terms of size, performance, and capabilities. They introduced several new features and technologies that made them more powerful and efficient.

Larger Primary and Secondary Storage Capacity:
- The statement in option a) is correct. Fourth generation computers had larger primary and secondary storage capacity compared to third generation computers.
- This was made possible by the development of smaller and more efficient integrated circuits (ICs) and semiconductor memory technologies such as dynamic random-access memory (DRAM).
- These advancements allowed for increased memory capacity, which in turn enabled more complex and resource-intensive applications to be run on these computers.

General Purpose Machines:
- The statement in option b) is correct. Fourth generation computers were general-purpose machines, meaning they were designed to perform a wide range of tasks and applications.
- They were capable of executing various software programs and could be used for tasks such as word processing, data analysis, graphics, and gaming.
- This versatility made them suitable for both personal and business use.

Less Power Consumption:
- The statement in option d) is correct. Fourth generation computers consumed less power than their third generation counterparts.
- This was primarily due to advancements in semiconductor technology, which allowed for the development of more energy-efficient microprocessors and electronic components.
- The reduced power consumption not only made these computers more environmentally friendly but also helped in reducing electricity costs.

Automated Manufacturing Process:
- The statement in option c) is incorrect. The manufacturing process of fourth generation computers did not require manual assembly of individual components into electronic circuits.
- Instead, the development of integrated circuits (ICs) and printed circuit boards (PCBs) enabled the automated production of electronic circuits.
- ICs integrated multiple electronic components onto a single chip, reducing the need for manual assembly.
- PCBs provided a platform for connecting and interconnecting these ICs and other electronic components, further streamlining the manufacturing process.

In conclusion, the incorrect statement about fourth generation computers is c) Their manufacturing process required manual assembly of individual components into electronic circuits. The manufacturing process of fourth generation computers was automated, thanks to the advancements in integrated circuit technology and printed circuit board manufacturing.

Which of the following are considered cyber threats?
  • a)
    Phishing
  • b)
    Social engineering
  • c)
    Antivirus software
  • d)
    (1) and (2)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Vp Classes answered
Phishing and social engineering are methods used by attackers to trick individuals into providing sensitive information. Antivirus software is a defense mechanism against such threats.

Identify the following:
It is a malicious software designed to cause damage to a computer or network. It often spreads through email attachments or malicious websites.
  • a)
    Virus
  • b)
    Firewall
  • c)
    Router
  • d)
    Operating System
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

EduRev Class 6 answered
A virus is a type of malicious software (malware) that, when executed, replicates by inserting copies of itself into other computer programs, data files, or the boot sector of the hard drive.

Which of the following statements about the internet is true?
  • a)
    The internet is a single, centralized network.
  • b)
    The internet can only be accessed via computers.
  • c)
    The internet consists of a vast number of interconnected networks.
  • d)
    The internet was created in the 1990s.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Coachify answered
The internet is a global system of interconnected networks that use the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is decentralized and can be accessed via various devices, not just computers. The development of the internet began in the 1960s.

Which of the following is a benefit of using cloud computing?
(1) Access to files from anywhere with an internet connection.
(2) Requires powerful local hardware.
(3) Automatic software updates.
  • a)
    Only (1)
  • b)
    Only (2)
  • c)
    Both (1) and (3)
  • d)
    (1), (2), and (3)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Vp Classes answered
Cloud computing allows users to access files from anywhere with an internet connection and benefits from automatic software updates. It does not require powerful local hardware, making it accessible on less powerful devices.

Suppose, a webpage owner updated his webpage, then which of the following would find those changes and update its index?
  • a)
    HotBot
  • b)
    Spider
  • c)
    Lycos
  • d)
    Inference find 
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Charvi Chauhan answered
The correct answer is option 'B' which is "Spider". A spider, also known as a crawler or a bot, is an automated program that systematically browses the web to collect data from websites. Here is a detailed explanation of how spiders work and update their index:

How Spiders Work:
- Spiders start by visiting a website's homepage and following links to other pages on the site.
- They collect information about the pages they visit, including the content, links, and metadata.
- The data is then stored in a search engine's index, which is a database of all the information collected by the spider.
- When a user enters a search query, the search engine uses its index to find relevant pages.

How Spiders Update their Index:
- When a webpage owner updates their webpage, the changes will be reflected on the live site.
- The spider will revisit the site on a regular basis to check for changes and update its index accordingly.
- The frequency of spider visits can vary depending on the website's popularity and the search engine's algorithm.
- Generally, popular sites are visited more frequently, while less popular sites may take longer to be re-crawled.

In conclusion, spiders are automated programs that systematically browse the web to collect data from websites. They update their index by revisiting sites on a regular basis and checking for changes. This allows search engines to provide up-to-date and relevant search results for users.

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