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All questions of The Making of a Global World for Class 10 Exam

What does the ‘Silk Route’ refer to?
  • a)
    Present-day West Asia 
  • b)
    West-bound Chinese silk cargoes 
  • c)
    Introduction of the humble potato
  • d)
    Both (a) and (b)
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Arun Sharma answered
The Silk Route or Silk Road refers to a network of ancient trade routes connecting Asia, Europe and Africa. Extending more than 6,500 kms, the Silk Route was majorly used to transport Chinese Silk to Europe through Central Asia from 2nd Century BC.

What were ‘Canal Colonies’?
  • a)
    Large Colonies
  • b)
    Sea Ports
  • c)
    Large Canals
  • d)
    Irrigated areas
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

The British Indian government built a network of irrigation canals to transform semi-desert wastes into fertile agricultural lands that could grow wheat and cotton for export. The Canal Colonies, as the areas irrigated by the new canals were called, were settled by peasants from other parts of Punjab.

Can you explain the answer of this question below:

The great Depression begin in

  • A:

    1927

  • B:

    1928

  • C:

    1929

  • D:

    1930

The answer is C.

Rohan Kapoor answered
The Great Depression was the worst economic downturn in the history of the industrialized world, lasting from 1929 to 1939. It began after the stock market crash of October 1929, which sent Wall Street into a panic and wiped out millions of investors.

The group of powers collectively known as the Axis power during the Second World War were:
  • a)
    Germany, Italy, Japan
  • b)
    Austria, Germany, Italy
  • c)
    France, Japan, Italy
  • d)
    Japan, Germany, Turkey
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

In Second World War , there are two groups named as "Axis Powers" and "Allied Powers" . Allied Powers includes USA , France , Austria, Great Britain and Soviet Union. While Axis Powers includes Germany, Italy and Japan. Hence option A is correct as these three countries collective known as "Axis Powers".

Assertion: Corn Laws were scrapped in the 19th century.
Reason: Workers were against these laws.
  • a)
    Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
  • b)
    Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • c)
    A is correct but R is wrong
  • d)
    A is wrong but R is correct
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Amit Sharma answered
The corn laws were abolished by the government because:The laws raised the food prices and were meant to favour domestic producers.
The laws imposed steep import duties and hence,made import of grain from abroad very costly affair despite the shortage of food supply.

Which was the Tabled city of gold?
  • a)
    Peru
  • b)
    Mexico
  • c)
    El Doeodo
  • d)
    Spain
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Anjana Khatri answered
El Dorado . it was called the fabled city of gold in Peru and mexico south america . It was an imaginary city in the 17th century and this was the main reason why the Portugeese and the Spanish colonisers wanted to colonize AMERICA ( at that time america was used to refer to South america ,  north America and the Carribbean.

The Descendants of indentures workers is a Noble Prize winning writer is-
  • a)
    Bob Morley
  • b)
    V. S. Naipaul
  • c)
    Amartya Sen
  • d)
    Ram Naresh Sarwan
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Rohini Seth answered
Sir Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul TC was a Trinidadian and Tobagonian British writer of works of fiction and nonfiction in English. He received a knighthood in Britain in 1990, and in 2001, the Nobel Prize in Literature. In the late 19th century, Naipaul's grandparents had emigrated from India to work in Trinidad's plantations as indentured servants.

People livelihood and local economy of which one of the following was badly affected by the disease named Rinderpest
  • a)
    Asia
  • b)
    Europe
  • c)
    Africa
  • d)
    South America
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Rinderpest arrived in Africa in the late 1880s. Within two years, it spread in the whole continent reaching Cape Town within five years. Rinderpest had a terrifying impact on people’s livelihoods and the local economy. It killed about 90 percent of the cattle. Planters, mine owners and colonial governments became successful to strengthen their power and to force Africans into the labour market.

Which of the following places was an important destination for indentured migrants?
  • a)
    Florida
  • b)
    Melbourne
  • c)
    Caribbean island
  • d)
    Mexico
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Importance of Caribbean Islands for Indentured Migrants

Indentured migration was a system of labor migration that emerged in the 19th century to address labor shortages in various parts of the world. It involved the recruitment and transportation of workers from one country or region to another under a contractual agreement that bound them to work for a specific period in exchange for passage, food, clothing, and shelter. The Caribbean Islands were an important destination for indentured migrants, and here's why:

1. Historical Context

The Caribbean Islands were colonized by Europeans, primarily the British, French, and Spanish, who established sugar plantations that required a massive workforce. The indigenous population was decimated by diseases, and African slaves were brought in to work on the plantations. However, the abolition of slavery in the 19th century created a labor shortage, and the plantation owners turned to indentured labor to fill the gap.

2. Recruitment and Transportation

Indentured labor was recruited from various parts of the world, including India, China, and Africa. The recruitment process involved agents who traveled to different regions to sign up workers for the journey to the Caribbean Islands. The workers were promised a better life and higher wages than they could earn at home. They signed a contract that bound them to work for a specific period, usually five years, in exchange for passage, food, clothing, and shelter.

3. Living and Working Conditions

The living and working conditions of indentured laborers in the Caribbean Islands were harsh. They were housed in barracks and subjected to long hours of work in the sugar fields. The work was grueling, and the climate was hot and humid. Many workers died from disease, malnutrition, and overwork.

4. Legacy of Indentured Migration

Indentured migration to the Caribbean Islands lasted from the mid-19th century to the early 20th century. It brought millions of workers to the region, who contributed to the development of the sugar industry and the economy. However, it also created a legacy of exploitation, inequality, and discrimination that persists to this day.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Caribbean Islands were an important destination for indentured migrants because of the labor shortages created by the abolition of slavery. The system of indentured migration brought millions of workers to the region, who contributed to the development of the sugar industry and the economy. However, it also created a legacy of exploitation and discrimination that continues to affect the region.

What did indentured labour mean?
  • a)
    Cheap Labour
  • b)
    Free Labour
  • c)
    Bonded Labour
  • d)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Vikas Kumar answered
Bonded labor is a specific form of forced labor in which compulsion into servitude is derived from debt. ... Child labor, agricultural debt bondage, and bonded migrant labor are persistent forms of modern slavery that fall under the Indian constitutional definition of forced labor.

Which food traveled west from china to be called “Spaghetti’?
  • a)
    Soya
  • b)
    Groundnuts
  • c)
    Potato
  • d)
    Noodles
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Sameer Gupta answered
Food offers many examples of long-distance cultural exchange. Traders and travellers introduced new crops to the lands they travelled. Even 'ready' foodstuff in distant parts of the world might share common origins. Take spaghetti and noodles. It is believed that noodles travelled west from China to become spaghetti. 

Assertion: The pre-modern world shrank greatly in the 16th century.
Reason: European sailors found new sea routes to Asia and successfully crossed the western ocean to America.
  • a)
    Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
  • b)
    Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • c)
    A is correct but R is wrong
  • d)
    A is wrong but R is correct
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Rohit Sharma answered
During the 16th century, European sailors found sea routes, that linked the furthermost parts of the world. They crossed the western ocean and reached America and also many other regions of the world.Hence, we can say that the world was shrinking at that time mainly because of the European Sailors.

Which of the following was a significant impact of the Industrial Revolution on food availability?
  • a)
    Decrease in food production
  • b)
    Development of refrigerated ships
  • c)
    Increase in food prices
  • d)
    Elimination of agricultural jobs
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Swati bajaj answered
Significant Impact of the Industrial Revolution on Food Availability
The Industrial Revolution brought about transformative changes in various sectors, including agriculture and food distribution. One of the most significant impacts was the development of refrigerated ships, which revolutionized the way food was transported and made available to consumers.
Enhanced Food Preservation
- Refrigerated ships allowed for the long-distance transportation of perishable goods.
- This innovation enabled countries to import and export food items that would otherwise spoil quickly.
Increased Food Variety
- With refrigeration, a wider variety of foods became accessible year-round.
- Consumers enjoyed fresh fruits, vegetables, and meats from different regions, regardless of the season.
Global Trade Expansion
- The ability to ship perishable goods over long distances opened new markets.
- This led to an increase in international trade, enhancing food availability across countries.
Improved Food Security
- Refrigeration helped stabilize food supply by reducing spoilage and waste.
- Communities could rely on a steady supply of fresh food, contributing to overall food security.
Conclusion
In summary, the development of refrigerated ships during the Industrial Revolution significantly impacted food availability. It not only improved food preservation and expanded variety but also facilitated global trade and enhanced food security. This innovation marked a pivotal shift in how people accessed and consumed food, shaping modern dietary habits.

What ‘technology’ helped in transporting perishable goods?
  • a)
    Refrigerated aircrafts 
  • b)
    Refrigerated railways 
  • c)
    Refrigerated ships
  • d)
    Both (a) and (b)
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Goods are transported in refrigerated ships that are fully equipped with a system to circulate air properly. You can also ship in refrigerated containers.
Nowadays, markets and consumers are more demanding of quality services in all areas, include transportation and merchandise. Transporting goods is a complicated endeavor and more so when it comes to products that are sensitive, that are perishable  goods

What was the main reason behind the world shrank?
  • a)
    European sailors found a sea route
  • b)
    Production increase for European market
  • c)
    Europe become the centre of the world trade
  • d)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Aditya Rane answered
The American continent was discovered only when the sea-route through the Atlantic Ocean to America was found.
Due to both of the above reasons, there was increased interaction among the people living in various continents of the world, thus causing the world to 'Shrink' in metaphorical terms.
 

Who adopted the concept of assembly line to produce automobiles ?
  • a)
    Samuel Morse
  • b)
    Henry Ford
  • c)
    T. Cuppla
  • d)
    Imam Husain
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Bhakti Mehta answered
Henry Ford adopted the concept of an assembly line to produce automobiles. He realised that the 'assembly line' method would allow a faster and cheaper way of producing vehicles.

Option (b)

What was a significant outcome of the expansion of trade in the late nineteenth century?
  • a)
    Increased prosperity for all societies
  • b)
    The establishment of international peace
  • c)
    Loss of freedoms and livelihoods in many parts of the world
  • d)
    The decline of colonial powers
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Swati bajaj answered
Significant Outcome of Trade Expansion
The late nineteenth century marked a transformative period in global trade, characterized by the expansion of markets, the rise of industrialization, and increased connectivity. However, this expansion had complex consequences, particularly regarding the loss of freedoms and livelihoods in many parts of the world.
Economic Displacement
- The growth of international trade often favored industrialized nations, leading to the exploitation of resources in colonized regions.
- Local economies struggled to compete with cheaper, imported goods, resulting in economic displacement for artisans and traditional craftspeople.
Colonial Exploitation
- Many nations experienced intensified colonial rule, where local populations were subjected to harsh labor conditions and minimal compensation.
- The extraction of resources was prioritized over the well-being of indigenous communities, leading to widespread poverty and disenfranchisement.
Loss of Autonomy
- As global markets expanded, many regions lost their economic autonomy, becoming dependent on foreign powers.
- This dependence often resulted in the undermining of local governance and cultural practices, as colonial powers imposed their systems and values.
Labor Exploitation
- Workers in colonized regions faced exploitation, with long working hours and little regard for their rights.
- The demand for raw materials and cheap labor facilitated the growth of oppressive labor systems, such as indentured servitude and forced labor.
Conclusion
In summary, while the expansion of trade in the late nineteenth century contributed to economic growth in certain areas, it also led to significant losses in freedoms and livelihoods, particularly for colonized peoples. The negative impacts of this trade expansion highlight the complexities of globalization and its uneven benefits across different societies.

Which disease spread like wild fire in Africa in the 1890’s?
  • a)
    Cattle plague
  • b)
    Small pox
  • c)
    Pneumonia
  • d)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Isha Tiwari answered
One disease that spread like wildfire in Africa in the 1890s was the rinderpest, also known as cattle plague. Rinderpest is a highly contagious viral disease that primarily affects cattle and other cloven-hoofed animals. It spread rapidly across Africa during that time, causing immense devastation to livestock and resulting in significant economic and social consequences for many African communities heavily dependent on cattle.

Which was the fabled city of gold?
  • a)
    Peru
  • b)
    Mexico
  • c)
    El Dorado
  • d)
    Spain
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Upsc Lover answered
El Dorado, the fabled city of gold that the Spanish believed was located somewhere in South America.

What type of workers primarily manned ships transporting goods during this period?
  • a)
    Wealthy landowners
  • b)
    Low-paid workers from southern Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean
  • c)
    Highly paid industrialists
  • d)
    Farmers working on their own land
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the transportation of goods across vast distances, particularly by ships, was primarily carried out by low-paid workers from regions like southern Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean. These workers were often employed in harsh conditions and played a crucial role in the global trade network.
Topic in NCERT:  A World Economy Takes Shape
Line in NCERT: "It was transported by railway, built for that very purpose, and by ships which were increasingly manned in these decades by low-paid workers from southern Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean."

What was the Bretton Woods system based on?
  • a)
    Floating exchange rates
  • b)
    Fixed exchange rates
  • c)
    Barter system
  • d)
    Cryptocurrency
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The Bretton Woods system established fixed exchange rates where currencies were pegged to the US dollar, and the dollar was pegged to gold.

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