All Exams >
NEET >
NEET Past Year Papers >
All Questions
All questions of Biotechnology and its Applications for NEET Exam
Main objective of production/use of herbicide resistant GM crops is to[2008]- a)eliminate weeds from the field without the use of manual labour
- b)eliminate weeds from the field without the use of herbicides
- c)encourage eco-friendly herbicides
- d)reduce herbicide accumulation in food articles for health safety
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Main objective of production/use of herbicide resistant GM crops is to
[2008]
a)
eliminate weeds from the field without the use of manual labour
b)
eliminate weeds from the field without the use of herbicides
c)
encourage eco-friendly herbicides
d)
reduce herbicide accumulation in food articles for health safety
|
Ayush Sengupta answered |
Main objective of production/use of herbicide resistant GM crops is to reduce herbicide accumulation in food articles for health safety. GM plants has been useful in many ways. Genetic modifications has made crops more tolerant to abiotic stresses, reduced reliance on chemical pesticides, enhanced nutritional value of food.
In history of biology, human genome project led to the development of :[2011M]- a)biotechnology
- b)biomonitoring
- c)bioinformatics
- d)biosystematics
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
In history of biology, human genome project led to the development of :
[2011M]
a)
biotechnology
b)
biomonitoring
c)
bioinformatics
d)
biosystematics
|
Diya Datta answered |
Common activities in bioinformatics include mapping and analysing DNA and protein sequences, aligning different DNA etc are the part of human genome project.
Which of the following Bt crops is being grown in India by the farmers?[NEET 2013]- a)Cotton
- b)Brinjal
- c)Soyabean
- d)Maize
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following Bt crops is being grown in India by the farmers?
[NEET 2013]
a)
Cotton
b)
Brinjal
c)
Soyabean
d)
Maize
|
Harshitha Dey answered |
Bt cotton is being grown in India by the farmers. Bt cotton is pest resistant plant which could decreased the pesticides used. Bt toxin is produced by a bacterium Bacillus thusringiensis (Bt for short). Bt toxin gene has been cloned from the bacteria and been expressed in plants to provide resistance to insects without the need for insecticides.
Continuous addition of sugars in ‘fed batch’ fermentation is done to:[2011]- a)produce methane
- b)obtain antibiotics
- c)purify enzymes
- d)degrade sewage
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Continuous addition of sugars in ‘fed batch’ fermentation is done to:
[2011]
a)
produce methane
b)
obtain antibiotics
c)
purify enzymes
d)
degrade sewage
|
Subhankar Datta answered |
A fed batch is a biotechnological batch process which is based on feeding of a growth limiting nutrient substrate to culture. It is done for purifying enzymes.
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains have been used for designing novel :[2005]- a)Biofertilizers
- b)Bio-metallurgical techniques
- c)Bio-mineralization processes
- d)Bioinsecticidal plants
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains have been used for designing novel :
[2005]
a)
Biofertilizers
b)
Bio-metallurgical techniques
c)
Bio-mineralization processes
d)
Bioinsecticidal plants
|
Moumita Khanna answered |
Bt cotton, a transgenic crop variety has been introduced in India. The Bt cotton variety contains a foreign gene obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis. This bacterial gene protects cotton from the ball worm, a major pest of cotton.
The most common substrate used in distilleries for the production of ethanol is[2011]- a)corn meal
- b)soya meal
- c)ground gram
- d)molasses
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
The most common substrate used in distilleries for the production of ethanol is
[2011]
a)
corn meal
b)
soya meal
c)
ground gram
d)
molasses
|
Abhishek Choudhary answered |
Molasses are commonly used in distillaries for the production of ethanol. The molasses is diluted to a mash containing 10-20 wt % of sugar. By the fermentation system of molasses ethanol can be produced.
The genetically-modified (GM) brinjal in India has been developed for:[2010]- a)insect-resistance
- b)enhancing shelf life
- c)enhancing mineral content
- d)drought-resistance
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
The genetically-modified (GM) brinjal in India has been developed for:
[2010]
a)
insect-resistance
b)
enhancing shelf life
c)
enhancing mineral content
d)
drought-resistance
|
Mahesh Saini answered |
The genetically modified brinjal in India has been developed for insect resistance. Bt brinjal is a transgenic brinjal that is developed by inserting a crystal gene from the Bacillus thuringiensis into the brinjal’s genome. This process of insertion is accomplished using Agrobacterium mediated recombination.
ELISA is used to detect viruses where the key reagent is[2003]- a)RNase
- b)alkaline phosphatase
- c)catalase
- d)DNA probe
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
ELISA is used to detect viruses where the key reagent is
[2003]
a)
RNase
b)
alkaline phosphatase
c)
catalase
d)
DNA probe
|
Prashanth Dasgupta answered |
ELISA test is a technique which can detect any amount of an antibody or antigen with the help of an enzyme. The commonly used enzymes are alkaline phosphatase and peroxidase.
Silencing of mRNA has been used in producing transgenic plants resistant to:[2011M]- a)bollworms
- b)nematodes
- c)white rusts
- d)bacterial blights
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Silencing of mRNA has been used in producing transgenic plants resistant to:
[2011M]
a)
bollworms
b)
nematodes
c)
white rusts
d)
bacterial blights
|
Pooja Choudhary answered |
In this technique nematode specific genes are introduced in the host plant in such a way that it produces both sense and antisense RNA. The two RNA’s being complementary to each other from a double stranded RNA (dsRNA) which is also called interfering RNA responsible for initiating RNA interference (RNA i). This (dsRNA) bind to and prevent translation of specific mRNA of nematode (gene silencing). Thus transgenic plants based on RNAi technology are resistant to nematode.
Some of the characteristics of Bt cotton are:[2010]- a)long fibre and resistance to aphids
- b)medium yield, long fibre and resistance to beetle pests
- c)high yield and production of toxic protein crystals which kill dipteran pests
- d)high yield and resistance to bollworms
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Some of the characteristics of Bt cotton are:
[2010]
a)
long fibre and resistance to aphids
b)
medium yield, long fibre and resistance to beetle pests
c)
high yield and production of toxic protein crystals which kill dipteran pests
d)
high yield and resistance to bollworms
|
Arnav Iyer answered |
Bt toxin genes were isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis and incorporated into cotton plant to form a genetically modified crop called Bt cotton. Bt cotton has high yield and resistance to bollworms.
Transgenic plants are the ones:[2009]- a)generated by introducing foreign DNA into a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell.
- b)produced after protoplast fusion in artificial medium.
- c)grown in artificial medium after hybridization in the field.
- d)produced by a somatic embryo in artificial medium.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Transgenic plants are the ones:
[2009]
a)
generated by introducing foreign DNA into a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell.
b)
produced after protoplast fusion in artificial medium.
c)
grown in artificial medium after hybridization in the field.
d)
produced by a somatic embryo in artificial medium.
|
|
Prashanth Dasgupta answered |
Transgenic plants are the ones generated by introducing foreign DNA into a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell.
Which one of the following is commonly used in transfer of foreign DNA into crop plants?[2009]- a)Meloidogyne incognita
- b)Agrobacterium tumefaciens
- c)Penicillium expansum
- d)Trichoderma harzianum
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following is commonly used in transfer of foreign DNA into crop plants?
[2009]
a)
Meloidogyne incognita
b)
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
c)
Penicillium expansum
d)
Trichoderma harzianum
|
Shounak Nair answered |
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is the causal agent of crown gall disease (the formation of tumours) in over 140 species of dicot. This disease caused by a DNA plasmid (Ti plasmid) carried by bacterium and transferred to the plant cells. Ti plasmid has widely used in plant engineering as a vector in order to inject gene in host plant to form transgenic plant.
Tobacco plants resistant to a nematode have been developed by the introduction of DNA that produced (in the host cells)[2012M]- a)both sense and anti-sense RNA
- b)a particular hormone
- c)an antifeedant
- d)a toxic protein
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Tobacco plants resistant to a nematode have been developed by the introduction of DNA that produced (in the host cells)
[2012M]
a)
both sense and anti-sense RNA
b)
a particular hormone
c)
an antifeedant
d)
a toxic protein
|
|
Mahesh Saini answered |
RNA interference technique, sense & antisense RNA fused to form dsRNA that silent the expression of m- RNA of nematode. RNA interference is a novel strategy adopted to prevent infestation of nematode Meloidegyne incognitia in roots of tobacco plants.
Genetically engineered bacteria have been successfully used in the commercial production of[1996]- a)human insulin
- b)testosterone
- c)thyroxine
- d)melatonin
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Genetically engineered bacteria have been successfully used in the commercial production of
[1996]
a)
human insulin
b)
testosterone
c)
thyroxine
d)
melatonin
|
Lekshmi Banerjee answered |
Human insulin has 53 amino acids in two polypeptides (A and B) connected by two S -S (disulphide) linkages. In 1983, American company Eli Lilly prepared two DNA sequences corresponding to A and B insulin chains. When introduced in plamids of E.coli, insulin chains were formed. They were extracted and fused to produce humulin (human insulin).
Which of the following is not an application of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)? [2021]- a)Purification of isolated protein
- b)Detection of gene mutation
- c)Molecular diagnosis
- d)Gene amplification
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is not an application of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)? [2021]
a)
Purification of isolated protein
b)
Detection of gene mutation
c)
Molecular diagnosis
d)
Gene amplification
|
Raghav Bansal answered |
However, very low concentration of a bacteria or virus (at a time when the symptoms of the disease are not yet visible) can be detected by amplification of their nucleic acid by PCR. It is being used to detect mutations in genes in suspected cancer patients too.
Which one of the following techniques made it possible to genetically engineer living organism ?[2011M]- a)Recombinant DNA techniques
- b)X-ray diffraction
- c)Heavier isotope labelling
- d)Hybridization
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following techniques made it possible to genetically engineer living organism ?
[2011M]
a)
Recombinant DNA techniques
b)
X-ray diffraction
c)
Heavier isotope labelling
d)
Hybridization
|
Niti Kumar answered |
Recombinant DNA techniques
Recombinant DNA techniques made it possible to genetically engineer living organisms. These techniques involve the manipulation of DNA molecules to introduce new genetic material into an organism, resulting in the expression of desired traits.
Recombinant DNA techniques involve several steps:
1. Isolation of DNA: The first step in genetic engineering is to isolate the DNA of interest. This can be done by extracting DNA from cells using various methods, such as cell lysis and purification.
2. Cutting DNA: Once the DNA is isolated, it needs to be cut into smaller fragments. Restriction enzymes, also known as molecular scissors, are used to cut the DNA at specific recognition sites. These enzymes are highly specific and recognize specific DNA sequences.
3. Inserting DNA: After the DNA is cut, it can be combined with other DNA molecules. This is done by using DNA ligase, an enzyme that joins the ends of DNA fragments together. The resulting molecule is called recombinant DNA.
4. Transformation: The recombinant DNA is then introduced into a host organism, such as bacteria or yeast, using a process called transformation. The host organism takes up the recombinant DNA and incorporates it into its own genome.
5. Expression of desired traits: Once the recombinant DNA is integrated into the host organism's genome, it can be expressed, resulting in the production of desired traits. For example, a gene encoding a specific protein can be introduced into a bacterium, which then produces the protein in large quantities.
6. Selection and screening: To identify organisms containing the desired recombinant DNA, selection and screening methods are used. These methods can include antibiotic resistance markers or specific gene expression assays.
Recombinant DNA techniques have revolutionized the field of biotechnology and have allowed scientists to genetically engineer living organisms for various purposes, such as producing valuable proteins, developing genetically modified crops, and studying gene function. These techniques have wide-ranging applications in medicine, agriculture, and industry.
Recombinant DNA techniques made it possible to genetically engineer living organisms. These techniques involve the manipulation of DNA molecules to introduce new genetic material into an organism, resulting in the expression of desired traits.
Recombinant DNA techniques involve several steps:
1. Isolation of DNA: The first step in genetic engineering is to isolate the DNA of interest. This can be done by extracting DNA from cells using various methods, such as cell lysis and purification.
2. Cutting DNA: Once the DNA is isolated, it needs to be cut into smaller fragments. Restriction enzymes, also known as molecular scissors, are used to cut the DNA at specific recognition sites. These enzymes are highly specific and recognize specific DNA sequences.
3. Inserting DNA: After the DNA is cut, it can be combined with other DNA molecules. This is done by using DNA ligase, an enzyme that joins the ends of DNA fragments together. The resulting molecule is called recombinant DNA.
4. Transformation: The recombinant DNA is then introduced into a host organism, such as bacteria or yeast, using a process called transformation. The host organism takes up the recombinant DNA and incorporates it into its own genome.
5. Expression of desired traits: Once the recombinant DNA is integrated into the host organism's genome, it can be expressed, resulting in the production of desired traits. For example, a gene encoding a specific protein can be introduced into a bacterium, which then produces the protein in large quantities.
6. Selection and screening: To identify organisms containing the desired recombinant DNA, selection and screening methods are used. These methods can include antibiotic resistance markers or specific gene expression assays.
Recombinant DNA techniques have revolutionized the field of biotechnology and have allowed scientists to genetically engineer living organisms for various purposes, such as producing valuable proteins, developing genetically modified crops, and studying gene function. These techniques have wide-ranging applications in medicine, agriculture, and industry.
Genetic engineering has been successfully used for producing:[2010]- a)transgenic mice for testing safety of polio vaccine before use in humans
- b)transgenic models for studying new treatments for certain cardiac diseases
- c)transgenic cow – rosie which produces high fat milk for making ghee
- d)animals like bulls for farm work as they have super power
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Genetic engineering has been successfully used for producing:
[2010]
a)
transgenic mice for testing safety of polio vaccine before use in humans
b)
transgenic models for studying new treatments for certain cardiac diseases
c)
transgenic cow – rosie which produces high fat milk for making ghee
d)
animals like bulls for farm work as they have super power
|
|
Mahesh Saini answered |
Genetic engineering has been successfully used for producing transgenic mice. Many transgenic mice are designed to increase our understanding of how genes contribute to development of diseases. Transgenic mice are being developed for use in testing the safety of vaccine before they are used in human beings. For example transgenic mice are being used to test the safety of polio vaccine.
Which of the following statements is not correct? [2020]- a)The functional insulin has A and B chains linked together by hydrogen bonds.
- b)Genetically engineered insulin is produced in E-Coli.
- c)In man insulin is synthesised as a proinsulin.
- d)The proinsulin has an extra peptide called C-peptide.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following statements is not correct? [2020]
a)
The functional insulin has A and B chains linked together by hydrogen bonds.
b)
Genetically engineered insulin is produced in E-Coli.
c)
In man insulin is synthesised as a proinsulin.
d)
The proinsulin has an extra peptide called C-peptide.
|
Suresh Iyer answered |
The functional insulin molecule has two chains A and chain B, that are linked together by disulphide bridges and not hydrogen bonds.
What triggers activation of protoxin to active toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis in boll worm? [2019]- a)Acidic pH of stomach
- b)Body temperature
- c)Moist surface of midgut
- d)Alkaline pH of gut
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
What triggers activation of protoxin to active toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis in boll worm? [2019]
a)
Acidic pH of stomach
b)
Body temperature
c)
Moist surface of midgut
d)
Alkaline pH of gut
|
Hansa Sharma answered |
Some strains of Bacillus thuringiensis produce proteins that kill certain insects such as lepidopterans and dipterans. B. thuringiensis forms protein crystals during a particular phase of their growth. These crystals contain a toxic insecticidal protein which exists as inactive protoxins but once an insect ingest the inactive toxin, it is converted into an active form of toxin due to the alkaline pH of the gut which solubilise the crystals.
Which of the following is commonly used as a vector for introducing a DNA fragment in human lymphocytes? [2018]- a)Retrovirus
- b)Ti plasmid
- c)λ phage
- d)pBR322
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is commonly used as a vector for introducing a DNA fragment in human lymphocytes? [2018]
a)
Retrovirus
b)
Ti plasmid
c)
λ phage
d)
pBR322
|
|
Hansa Sharma answered |
Retroviruses cause cancer in animals including humans. So modified retroviruses are used to transfer desirable genes into animal cells. It is used in gene therapy, in which lymphocytes from blood of patient are taken and grown in culture medium outside the body, a functional gene is introduced by using a retroviral vector into these lymphocytes which are again reintroduced into the patient body.
Which kind of therapy was given in 1990 to a four-year-old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency? [2016]- a)Gene therapy
- b)Chemotherapy
- c)Immunotherapy
- d)Radiation therapy
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which kind of therapy was given in 1990 to a four-year-old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency? [2016]
a)
Gene therapy
b)
Chemotherapy
c)
Immunotherapy
d)
Radiation therapy
|
Jyoti Sengupta answered |
Gene therapy is a technique of genetic engineering which involves replacement of a faulty/disease causing gene by a normal healthy functional gene. The first clinical gene therapy was given in 1990 to a 4-year old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency. This enzyme is very important for the immune system to function. The deficiency of this enzyme can lead to severe combined immune deficiency (SCID).
A trangenic food crop’which may help in solving the problem of night blindness in developing countries is[2008]- a)Flavr Savr tomatoes
- b)Starlink maize
- c)Bt Soybean
- d)Golden rice
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
A trangenic food crop’which may help in solving the problem of night blindness in developing countries is
[2008]
a)
Flavr Savr tomatoes
b)
Starlink maize
c)
Bt Soybean
d)
Golden rice
|
|
Mahesh Saini answered |
Golden rice is a transgenic food crop which may help in solving the problem of night blindness in developing countries. Golden rice or miracle rice is rich in vitamin A or β-carotene and iron and decaffeinated coffee are also valuable achievements of gene transfer technology.
Maximum number of existing transgenic animals is of :[2011]- a)fish
- b)mice
- c)cow
- d)pig
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Maximum number of existing transgenic animals is of :
[2011]
a)
fish
b)
mice
c)
cow
d)
pig
|
|
Shounak Nair answered |
In the world maximum num ber of existing transgenic animals is mice.
Golden rice is a transgenic crop of the future with the following improved trait:[2005, 06]- a)insect resistance
- b)high lysine (essential amino acid) content
- c)high protein content
- d)high vitamin-A content
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Golden rice is a transgenic crop of the future with the following improved trait:[2005, 06]
a)
insect resistance
b)
high lysine (essential amino acid) content
c)
high protein content
d)
high vitamin-A content
|
|
Shounak Nair answered |
Golden rice is a transgenic crop of the future with high Vit. A content. Millions of people suffer from Vit. A deficiency which leads to vision impairment. Transgenic rice has been developed which is capable of synthesizing beta carotene, the precursor of Vitamin A. The rice variety is now being crossed into adapted varieties with field tests possible in an year or two.
The name of Norman Borlaug is associated with :[2005]- a)white revolution
- b)green revolution
- c)yellow revolution
- d)blue revolution
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
The name of Norman Borlaug is associated with :
[2005]
a)
white revolution
b)
green revolution
c)
yellow revolution
d)
blue revolution
|
|
Pooja Choudhary answered |
The term Green revolution refers to the very substantial increase in yield obtained by breeding high yielding varieties of crops, under intensive application of fertilizers, irrigation and pesticides. The world wide increase, in productivity has come to be known as the ‘Green Revolution’ for which Dr. Borlaug won the Noble Peace Prize in 1970.
The first clinical gene therapy was given for treating[2012M]- a)chicken pox
- b)diabetes mellitus
- c)rheumatoid arthritis
- d)adenosine deaminase deficiency
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
The first clinical gene therapy was given for treating
[2012M]
a)
chicken pox
b)
diabetes mellitus
c)
rheumatoid arthritis
d)
adenosine deaminase deficiency
|
Krish Patel answered |
Gene therapy is an experimental technique that uses genes to treat or prevent disease. The first clinical gene therapy was given for treating adenosine deaminase deficiency. A four-year old girl became the first gene therapy patient on September 14, 1990 at the NIH Clinical Center. Adenosine deaminase deficiency, also called ADA deficiency or ADASCID is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that causes immunodeficiency. ADA deficiency is due to a lack of the enzyme adenosine deaminase.
What is true about Bt toxin?[2009]- a)Bt protein exists as active toxin in the Bacillus
- b)The activated toxin enters the ovaries of the pest to sterilise it and thus prevent its multiplication.
- c)The concerned Bacillus has antitoxins.
- d)The inactive protoxin gets converted into active form in the insect gut.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
What is true about Bt toxin?
[2009]
a)
Bt protein exists as active toxin in the Bacillus
b)
The activated toxin enters the ovaries of the pest to sterilise it and thus prevent its multiplication.
c)
The concerned Bacillus has antitoxins.
d)
The inactive protoxin gets converted into active form in the insect gut.
|
|
Shounak Nair answered |
About Bt toxin, it is true, that the inactive protoxin gets converted into active form in the insect gut. There are several advantages in expressing Bt toxins in transgenic Bt crops. The level of toxin expression can be very high, thus delivering sufficient dosage to the pest.
The toxin expression is contained within the plant system and hence only those insects that feed on the crop perish. The toxin expression can be modulated by using tissue-specific promoters and replaces the use of synthetic pesticides in the environment.
The toxin expression is contained within the plant system and hence only those insects that feed on the crop perish. The toxin expression can be modulated by using tissue-specific promoters and replaces the use of synthetic pesticides in the environment.
What is true for monoclonal antibodies?[2001]- a)These antibodies obtained from one parent and for one antigen
- b)These antibodies obtained from parent and for two antigen
- c)These antibodies obtained from one parent and for many antigen
- d)These antibodies obtained from many parents and for many antigens
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
What is true for monoclonal antibodies?
[2001]
a)
These antibodies obtained from one parent and for one antigen
b)
These antibodies obtained from parent and for two antigen
c)
These antibodies obtained from one parent and for many antigen
d)
These antibodies obtained from many parents and for many antigens
|
Pankaj Banerjee answered |
Monoclonal antibodies are identical molecules specific for one type of antigen. These are obtained by injecting the target antigen into a rat or mouse. Sometimes later, the spleen cells producing antibodies are isolated and fused with myeloma cells to produce monoclonal antibodies.
Chapter doubts & questions for Biotechnology and its Applications - NEET Past Year Papers 2025 is part of NEET exam preparation. The chapters have been prepared according to the NEET exam syllabus. The Chapter doubts & questions, notes, tests & MCQs are made for NEET 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests here.
Chapter doubts & questions of Biotechnology and its Applications - NEET Past Year Papers in English & Hindi are available as part of NEET exam.
Download more important topics, notes, lectures and mock test series for NEET Exam by signing up for free.
NEET Past Year Papers
86 docs|146 tests
|
|
© EduRev
|
Education Revolution
|
|
Signup to see your scores
go up
within 7 days!
within 7 days!
Takes less than 10 seconds to signup