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All questions of Our Earth and Universe for Class 6 Exam

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Choose the incorrect statement.
  • a)
    Leap year comes after every four years.
  • b)
    Leap year consists of 366 days.
  • c)
    In a leap year, February has 29 days.
  • d)
    1997 was a leap year.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Ishan Choudhury answered
The year is divisible by 400, then it is a leap year. So 1996 was a leap year, but 1997, 1998, and 1999 were not. The year 2000 was a leap year because even though it is divisible by 100 it's also divisible by 400.

The large dark patches on the moon’s surface are known as ______ .
  • a)
    dark matter
Correct answer is option ''. Can you explain this answer?

Sarita Singh answered
The large dark patches on the moon’s surface are known as Maria or seas as it is filled with lava.

When sun is entirely or partially blocked by moon, it is termed as
  • a)
    solar eclipse
  • b)
    lunar eclipse
  • c)
    regular eclipse
  • d)
    irregular eclipse
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Ishan Choudhury answered
The Moon blocks the light of the Sun and a shadow of the Moon is cast on the Earth's surface. This is an eclipse of the Sun or a solar eclipse.
There are three types of solar eclipse: Total, partial, and annular. During a total eclipse, the Moon completely covers our view of the Sun.

Planet ‘X’ is a cold and dry planet having two satellites - Phobos and Deimos. Its 95% atmosphere is made up of carbon dioxide.What is ‘X’ in the above paragraph?
  • a)
    Mercury
  • b)
    Venus
  • c)
    Mars
  • d)
    Saturn
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Mehul Sharma answered
Understanding Planet 'X'
Planet 'X' in the given paragraph is identified as Mars. Here’s a detailed explanation:
Satellites of Mars
- Mars has two small moons: Phobos and Deimos.
- These moons are irregularly shaped and much smaller than Earth's moon.
Atmospheric Composition
- Mars has a very thin atmosphere, about 95% composed of carbon dioxide.
- This composition leads to its cold and dry environment.
Comparison with Other Planets
- Mercury: Has no satellites and a very thin atmosphere, primarily composed of oxygen and sodium.
- Venus: Also lacks moons, and its atmosphere is mostly carbon dioxide, but it is much thicker, leading to a greenhouse effect and extreme heat.
- Saturn: Has a thick atmosphere and is known for its prominent ring system, but does not have the characteristics described.
Conclusion
- Based on the presence of Phobos and Deimos and the high concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, the planet 'X' is undoubtedly Mars.
- Therefore, the correct answer to the question is option 'C' - Mars.

A weather map shows information about atmospheric pressure and weather fronts. Which type of Earth scientist works on developing and interpreting weather maps?
  • a)
    Geologist
  • b)
    Astronomer
  • c)
    Meteorologist
  • d)
    Oceanographer
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Abhay Datta answered
Understanding Weather Maps
Weather maps are crucial tools used to convey information about atmospheric conditions, including pressure systems and weather fronts. They help predict weather patterns and inform the public about upcoming conditions.
Who Develops and Interprets Weather Maps?
The correct type of Earth scientist who specializes in weather maps is a Meteorologist, not an Oceanographer. Here’s why:
Key Responsibilities of a Meteorologist:
- Weather Prediction: Meteorologists analyze data from weather maps to forecast weather conditions.
- Data Interpretation: They interpret atmospheric pressure readings, temperature, humidity, and wind patterns to understand weather systems.
- Research and Development: Meteorologists conduct research to improve weather prediction models and develop new technologies for weather observation.
- Public Communication: They communicate weather forecasts to the public, ensuring people are informed about severe weather events.
Why Oceanographers Are Not the Correct Answer:
- Focus Area: Oceanographers study oceans, marine life, and oceanic processes. While they may consider how ocean currents affect climate, they do not primarily work with weather maps.
- Different Discipline: The study of weather is fundamentally within the realm of meteorology, which is distinct from oceanography.
Conclusion
In summary, a Meteorologist is the scientist dedicated to developing and interpreting weather maps, making option 'c' the correct answer. Understanding the roles of different Earth scientists helps clarify their contributions to our knowledge of weather and climate.

Imaginary line which runs through center of Earth is called
  • a)
    east pole
  • b)
    south pole
  • c)
    axis
  • d)
    north pole
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Maya Deshpande answered
Axis
The correct answer is option 'C', axis. The axis is an imaginary line that runs through the center of the Earth. It is an important concept in geography and science.

Definition
The axis is an imaginary line that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole, passing through the center of the Earth. It is an imaginary reference line around which the Earth rotates.

Characteristics
- The axis is tilted at an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees relative to the plane of the Earth's orbit around the sun.
- It is always pointing in the same direction, towards the North Star or Polaris.
- The Earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours, resulting in day and night.

Function
The axis plays a crucial role in determining the Earth's seasons and climate patterns. The tilt of the axis causes different parts of the Earth to receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year, leading to the changing of seasons.

Seasons
- When the North Pole is tilted towards the sun, it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere and winter in the Southern Hemisphere.
- Conversely, when the South Pole is tilted towards the sun, it is summer in the Southern Hemisphere and winter in the Northern Hemisphere.
- During the equinoxes, around March 21st and September 23rd, the axis is not tilted towards or away from the sun, resulting in equal day and night lengths.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the imaginary line that runs through the center of the Earth is called the axis. It is tilted at an angle of 23.5 degrees and determines the Earth's seasons and climate patterns. Understanding the concept of the axis is important in the field of geography and science.

Stars are enormous spheres of ignited gas that light the cosmos. They come in many different types and sizes. Which among the following is not a known type of star?
  • a)
    White dwarf
  • b)
    Red giant
  • c)
    Green dwarf
  • d)
    Red dwarf
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Varun Kapoor answered
  • White dwarf: When a star has completely run out of hydrogen fuel in its core and lacks the mass to force higher elements into fusion reaction, it becomes a white dwarf star. 
  • Red dwarf: Red dwarf stars are the most common kind of stars in the Universe. These are main sequence stars but they have such low mass that they’re much cooler than stars like our Sun. The smallest red dwarfs are 0.075 times the mass of the Sun, and they can have a mass of up to half of the Sun.
  • Red giant: A red giant is a star that is past its peak and has consumed its core's supply of hydrogen fuel. As a result, helium has built up in the core, hydrogen has fused in the outer shells, and the star has expanded into a giant red monstrosity.

Constellations are a group of stars that form a particular shape in the sky. Each of them has been given a specific name. Which organisation is responsible for naming constellations?
  • a)
    Federation of Astronomical Societies
  • b)
    NASA
  • c)
    The International Astronomical Union
  • d)
    ISRO
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Arjun Ghosh answered
The correct answer is option 'C', The International Astronomical Union (IAU).

- The International Astronomical Union (IAU) is an organization responsible for coordinating worldwide astronomical activities and promoting astronomical research. It is the recognized authority for assigning names to celestial objects, including constellations.

- The IAU was founded in 1919 and consists of professional astronomers from all over the world. Its main objective is to promote and safeguard the science of astronomy in all its aspects.

- One of the tasks of the IAU is to standardize the nomenclature of celestial objects, including constellations. It ensures that there is a consistent and internationally recognized system for naming celestial objects.

- Constellations are groups of stars that form a particular shape or pattern in the sky. They have been named by cultures throughout history based on their interpretations of the patterns they saw in the stars. These names have been passed down through generations.

- The IAU, being the authoritative organization for astronomy, has the responsibility of maintaining a standardized and recognized set of constellation names. It has defined 88 official constellations, each with a specific name and boundaries.

- The IAU also has the authority to modify or update constellation boundaries if necessary. This is done to ensure that the constellations maintain their scientific and cultural relevance in the modern world.

- In addition to naming constellations, the IAU is also responsible for naming other celestial objects, such as stars, planets, asteroids, and other deep-sky objects. It follows a rigorous process and criteria for assigning names to these objects.

- Overall, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) is the organization responsible for naming constellations and ensuring that there is a standardized and recognized system for naming celestial objects. It plays a crucial role in promoting and coordinating astronomical research worldwide.

Time which earth takes to complete its one revolution is
  • a)
    365 1/4 days
  • b)
    365 days
  • c)
    28 days
  • d)
    29 days
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Sarita Singh answered
The earth takes exactly 365 days and 6 hours to complete one revolution which is equal to approximately 365 days.

Outermost layer of Earth is
  • a)
    asthenosphere
  • b)
    crust
  • c)
    trench
  • d)
    ridge
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Varun Kapoor answered
The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth’s surface, where we live. The thickness ranges from 0 to 60 kilometres.
It’s a solid rock layer that comes in two varieties:
  • Continental crust covers the land
  • Oceanic crust covers water

Summer Solstice is on
  • a)
    21st September
  • b)
    23rd March
  • c)
    21st December
  • d)
    21st  June
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Ishan Choudhury answered
During the Northern Hemisphere's summer solstice which always falls around June 21, the Southern Hemisphere gets its winter solstice. Likewise, during the Northern Hemisphere's winter solstice which always falls around December 22, the Southern Hemisphere gets its summer solstice.

Orbit period of smallest planet ‘Mercury’ is
  • a)
    70 Earth Days
  • b)
    90 Earth Days
  • c)
    60 Earth Days
  • d)
    87.97 Earth Days
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Sarita Singh answered
Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the closest to the Sun. Its orbit around the Sun takes 87.97 Earth days, the shortest of all the Sun's planets.

When lava cools quickly on the Earth’s surface, it forms ‘X’. ‘X’ is a very light rock used as a body scrubber and to polish floors.Identify ‘X’ in the above given lines?
  • a)
    Gneiss
  • b)
    Shale
  • c)
    Basalt
  • d)
    Pumice
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Varun Kapoor answered
Pumice is a type of volcanic rock, produced when lava with a very high content of water and gases is discharged from volcano. Pumice is a very light rock which is used as body scrubber and to polish floor.

Which of the following statements is incorrect about Milky Way?
  • a)
    90% of its mass consist of dark matter which is not visible to us.
  • b)
    Milky way is made up of dust and gas.
  • c)
    The centre of our galaxy is called Sagittarius.
  • d)
    None of these.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Ishan Choudhury answered
  • About 90 percent of the mass in the Milky Way’s gravitational field is made up of dark matter, so the luminous stars gas and dust of the galaxy are embedded at the center of a huge, roughly spherical dark matter halo of more than a million light-years across. There is an object at the center of the Milky Way called Sagittarius A-star which emits much more X-rays and radio waves than expected for a star-sized body. 
  • Much of the Milky Way galaxy is blocked from our view on Earth due to the barriers created by dusty gas clouds blocking much of the light. Using infrared, microwave, and radio astronomy techniques, it is possible to penetrate much of this dusty fog. However, that too allows us only detect only half of the stars and gas.

The sun emits tiny electrical particles in all directions during solar flares. When they fall at the Earth’s north and south poles, they look like glowing ribbons of light which may be green, red or blue in colour. What are these called? 
  • a)
    Aurora Borealis
  • b)
    Spectrum
  • c)
    Aurora Australis
  • d)
    Both (a) and (c)
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Varun Kapoor answered
  • An aurora is a natural light display in the sky, particularly in the high-latitude of arctic and antarctic regions. 
  • It is caused by the collision of atmospheric atoms with energetic, charged particles coming from space. 
  • In northern latitudes, the effect is known as the Aurora Borealis or Northern lights; whereas in the southern latitudes it is known as Aurora Australis or Southern lights.

When does Lunar Eclipse happen?
  • a)
    During Half Moon
  • b)
    During Full Moon
  • c)
    During Equinox
  • d)
    None of the above
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sarita Singh answered
Eclipses of the Moon happen at full Moon, when the Sun, Earth and Moon are aligned to form an exact or an almost straight line.

It is the largest explosion of stars that takes place in space.
  • a)
    Black hole
  • b)
    None of these
  • c)
    Star explosion
  • d)
    Supernova
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Varun Kapoor answered
  • A supernova is an explosion of a massive supergiant star. It may shine with a brightness of 10 billion suns. It can briefly outshine entire galaxies and radiate more energy than our sun will in its entire lifetime. They're also the primary source of heavy elements like iron in the universe. 
  • According to NASA, supernovae are "the largest explosion that takes place in space.

Each planet in the solar system has seasons. On which of the following planets, the length of each season is of about 3 years?
  • a)
    Venus
  • b)
    Saturn
  • c)
    Neptune
  • d)
    Jupiter
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Anita Menon answered
Jupiter, like Venus, has an axial tilt of only 3 degrees, so there is literally no difference between the seasons. However, because of its distance from the sun, seasons change more slowly. The length of each season is roughly three years.

Match the following.
  • a)
    A-(ii); B-(iv); C-(iii); D-(i)
  • b)
    A-(i); B-(iv); C-(ii); D-(iii)
  • c)
    A-(ii); B-(iv); C-(i); D-(iii)
  • d)
    A-(iii); B-(i); C-(ii); D-(iv)
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Sarita Singh answered
A. Largest Planet: Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System.
B. Brightest Planet: Venus, the second planet from the sun, is the hottest and brightest planet in the solar system.
C. Densest Planet: Earth is the densest planet in the Solar System.
D. Smallest Planet: Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar System and the closest to the Sun.

Which among the following is the nearest major galaxy to the Milky Way?
  • a)
    IC 1101
  • b)
    Andromeda
  • c)
    NGC 262
  • d)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sarita Singh answered
The Andromeda Galaxy, also known as Messier 31 or M31, is a spiral galaxy located about 2.5 million light-years from Earth. Located in the Andromeda constellation, it is the closest spiral galaxy to the Milky Way, where our solar system is. It is also the largest galaxy of what is called the Local Group which is a collection of more than 54 galaxies including the Milky Way.

Phases of appearance of moon are caused by movement of moon around the
  • a)
    sun
  • b)
    earth
  • c)
    planets
  • d)
    stars
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Varun Kapoor answered
For practical understanding, you can perform the experiment given below:
  • Take a torch, switch it on and place it on a table.
  • Stand in front of the source of light of the torch.
  • Take a small ball and hold it at a height same as that of the torch and facing the torch.
  • You will notice that the ball appears dark.
  • Now if you change the position of the ball, keeping the height same, you will notice that only some part of the ball appears illuminated.
  • If you place it diametrically opposite to the torch, but at height slightly higher than your head, the entire ball gets illuminated.
  • You can also notice that when the ball appears completely dark, the ball is closest to the torch.
  • The phases of the moon are due to situations similar to this experiment. 
  • In this experiment, you represent the earth, the torch represents the sun and the ball the moon.
  • You can see that the changes in appearance of the ball are caused by movement of the ball around you.

What percent of the Earth’s water is found in the atmosphere?
  • a)
    0.001
  • b)
    0.003
  • c)
     0.02
  • d)
    0.2
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Anita Menon answered
The ocean holds about 97 percent of the Earth's water; the remaining three percent is distributed in many different places, including glaciers and ice, below the ground, in rivers and lakes, and in the atmosphere. At any given time only about 0.001 percent of Earth's water is in the form of atmospheric vapour, a surprisingly small number given its crucial role in weather.

Planet’s atmosphere is made up of different gases. On which of the following planets methane gas is found in large amounts?
  • a)
    Jupiter
  • b)
    Saturn
  • c)
    Uranus
  • d)
    Mercury
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Anita Menon answered
Uranus is made of water, methane, and ammonia fluids above a small rocky center. Its atmosphere is made of hydrogen and helium like Jupiter and Saturn, but it also has methane. The methane makes Uranus blue.

Asteroids and Meteoroids consists of ____.
  • a)
    nine planets
  • b)
    satellites
  • c)
    the sun
  • d)
    all of these
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Sarita Singh answered
Eros, an Asteroid. Meteoroids are lumps of rock or iron that orbit the sun, just as planets, asteroids, and comets do. Meteoroids, especially the tiny particles called micrometeoroids, are extremely common throughout the solar system.

Identify the Cassiopeia constellation in the given picture.
  • a)
  • b)
  • c)
  • d)
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Anita Menon answered
The constellation Cassiopeia, Queen of Ethiopia, can be seen in the northern hemisphere all year long. Cassiopeia is one of the most easily recognizable constellations due to its distinctive W or M shape, depending on the time of year and the viewer’s location.

Chapter doubts & questions for Our Earth and Universe - GK Olympiad for Class 6 2025 is part of Class 6 exam preparation. The chapters have been prepared according to the Class 6 exam syllabus. The Chapter doubts & questions, notes, tests & MCQs are made for Class 6 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests here.

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