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All questions of May 2025 for CUET Commerce Exam

What is the primary goal of the Indo-Pacific Logistics Network (IPLN)?
  • a)
    To enhance military cooperation among Quad nations
  • b)
    To develop new military technologies for the region
  • c)
    To promote trade agreements between the United States and India
  • d)
    To create a shared logistics framework for disaster response
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Pranav Shah answered
Overview of the Indo-Pacific Logistics Network (IPLN)
The Indo-Pacific Logistics Network (IPLN) is primarily focused on creating a collaborative framework that enhances logistical capabilities among nations in the Indo-Pacific region, particularly in terms of disaster response.
Primary Goal: Shared Logistics Framework
The main aim of the IPLN is to develop a shared logistics system that can be utilized during emergencies, such as natural disasters. This collaborative approach fosters rapid deployment of resources, personnel, and aid across borders in times of crisis.
Key Components of the IPLN
- Disaster Preparedness: The IPLN emphasizes preparedness for natural disasters, ensuring that participating nations can effectively respond to emergencies.
- Resource Sharing: By building a shared logistics framework, countries can share resources and information, enhancing overall response efficiency.
- Collaboration: The initiative promotes cooperation between various countries, facilitating joint training exercises and planning so that nations are better equipped to handle disasters collectively.
Strategic Importance
The IPLN not only focuses on disaster response but also strengthens relationships between participating countries, enhancing regional stability and security. In a geopolitically sensitive area like the Indo-Pacific, fostering collaboration through logistics can serve as a foundation for broader strategic partnerships.
Conclusion
In summary, the primary goal of the Indo-Pacific Logistics Network is to create a shared logistics framework specifically aimed at enhancing disaster response capabilities among nations in the region, making it a crucial element in fostering cooperation and preparedness in the face of natural calamities.

Which phylum does the newly identified ribbon worm, Pararosa vigarae, belong to?
  • a)
    Annelida
  • b)
    Nemertea
  • c)
    Mollusca
  • d)
    Cnidaria
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Pararosa vigarae belongs to the phylum Nemertea. This phylum is known for its ribbon-like worms, which were traditionally challenging to classify due to their subtle morphological differences. The use of modern techniques, like DNA sequencing, has significantly enhanced the accuracy of identifying and classifying these species, showcasing the advances in taxonomic methods within marine biology.

How much is the financial reward provided to individuals under the Rahveer Scheme for transporting accident victims to medical facilities?
  • a)
    Rs 15,000
  • b)
    Rs 10,000
  • c)
    Rs 25,000
  • d)
    Rs 20,000
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
Individuals who transport accident victims to medical facilities under the Rahveer Scheme are rewarded with Rs 25,000. This financial incentive not only compensates those who take the initiative to help but also alleviates fears they may have regarding police harassment. The scheme is designed to encourage quick response to accidents, emphasizing the importance of immediate medical assistance in saving lives. An additional fact is that initiatives like this can lead to a cultural shift, where helping others in crisis becomes a societal norm rather than a source of anxiety for bystanders.

What is one of the potential consequences of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) by the year 2050, according to recent predictions?
  • a)
    A significant increase in antimicrobial drug effectiveness
  • b)
    A decrease in global economic losses
  • c)
    The elimination of infectious diseases in animals
  • d)
    Food insecurity affecting two billion people
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
Predictions indicate that antimicrobial resistance could lead to food insecurity for two billion people by 2050. This alarming forecast stems from the misuse of antimicrobial drugs, which compromises the efficacy of treatments for both humans and animals. The interconnection between human health, animal health, and food security emphasizes the urgency for improved stewardship of antibiotics in agriculture to prevent such outcomes. Interestingly, addressing AMR not only protects health but can also bolster economic stability, highlighting the importance of integrated approaches in veterinary and human healthcare.

What is the primary objective of Operation Shield as conducted by the Government of India?
  • a)
    To provide financial aid to affected families
  • b)
    To conduct military exercises along the western border
  • c)
    To enhance readiness of civil defense forces against emerging threats
  • d)
    To promote tourism in vulnerable regions
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

The primary objective of Operation Shield is to enhance the readiness of civil defense forces to effectively respond to potential hostile threats. This initiative is particularly relevant given the increased security challenges faced by India, especially following significant terrorist incidents. By focusing on preparedness, the operation aims to ensure that civil defense personnel are equipped to manage emergencies efficiently, thereby safeguarding vulnerable areas.

Which countries are involved in the Indo-Pacific Logistics Network (IPLN)?
  • a)
    South Korea, China, India, and the United States
  • b)
    Japan, Australia, the Philippines, and Vietnam
  • c)
    Australia, Japan, Canada, and New Zealand
  • d)
    India, the United States, Japan, and Australia
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

The Indo-Pacific Logistics Network (IPLN) involves India, the United States, Japan, and Australia as its key participants. This multilateral initiative is designed to enhance disaster response capabilities through improved coordination and shared logistics, demonstrating a commitment to regional stability and humanitarian assistance. The collaboration among these nations dates back to their initial cooperative efforts following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, highlighting a long-standing partnership in addressing humanitarian challenges.

Why is genetic testing emphasized in the management of diabetes, particularly for MODY?
  • a)
    It is not necessary for most diabetes patients.
  • b)
    It is only useful for type 2 diabetes.
  • c)
    It replaces the need for any other form of treatment.
  • d)
    It can help identify the specific genetic mutations leading to the condition.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
Genetic testing is crucial in the management of diabetes, especially in cases of MODY, because it helps identify specific genetic mutations that may be causing the disorder. Many individuals with MODY may be misdiagnosed, leading to inappropriate treatments. By integrating genetic screening into routine diabetes care, healthcare providers can develop more effective and targeted treatment strategies tailored to an individual's unique genetic profile. This approach can significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce the complications associated with misdiagnosis.

What was the primary cause of mortality linked to extreme temperatures in India over the last two decades?
  • a)
    Air pollution
  • b)
    Infectious diseases
  • c)
    Cold exposure
  • d)
    Heatstroke
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Heatstroke has been identified as the leading cause of mortality related to extreme temperatures in India, with significant numbers of deaths attributed to it compared to cold exposure. This trend highlights the critical impact of rising temperatures on public health, particularly among vulnerable populations such as outdoor workers.

What tool is used globally to assess wildfire risk?
  • a)
    International Fire Safety Index (IFSI)
  • b)
    Canadian Fire Weather Index (FWI)
  • c)
    Global Wildfire Assessment System (GWAS)
  • d)
    Fire Risk Assessment Model (FRAM)
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The Canadian Fire Weather Index (FWI) is a crucial global tool used to assess the risk of wildfires. It evaluates various meteorological factors to predict fire behavior and risk levels. The FWI plays an important role in wildfire management and prevention strategies, helping to inform firefighting resources and preparedness efforts. An interesting fact is that the FWI is not only used in Canada but has been adopted by many other countries to enhance their wildfire risk assessment capabilities.

How many Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) will be covered by the Sahajog initiative during its campaign period?
  • a)
    20 ULBs
  • b)
    50 ULBs
  • c)
    30 ULBs
  • d)
    44 ULBs
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

The Sahajog initiative will operate in a campaign mode covering 44 Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) from May 1 to June 20, 2025. This extensive outreach is aimed at ensuring that a substantial number of urban poor families are connected with vital welfare schemes, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of government assistance in urban areas.

What is the primary purpose of the nationwide civil defence mock drill scheduled for May 7, 2025?
  • a)
    To conduct a public awareness campaign about civil rights
  • b)
    To promote military recruitment among civilians
  • c)
    To evaluate the performance of local law enforcement agencies
  • d)
    To assess and enhance the preparedness of civil defence systems
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

The primary purpose of the nationwide civil defence mock drill is to assess and enhance the preparedness of civil defence systems across 244 designated districts. This exercise marks a significant step in ensuring that the government and civil services are ready to protect citizens during emergencies. Effective civil defence is crucial in safeguarding non-combatants during crises, emphasizing the importance of proactive readiness.

What is the estimated hydroelectric potential of the Chenab River?
  • a)
    1,000 MW
  • b)
    3,600 MW
  • c)
    2,500 MW
  • d)
    5,000 MW
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
The estimated hydroelectric potential of the Chenab River is 3,600 MW. This significant capacity makes it an important resource for hydroelectric power generation, especially given its favorable characteristics such as high water discharge and steep gradient. Hydroelectric projects on the river can enhance energy security and provide renewable energy sources, contributing to sustainable development in the region.

Which sector in India has seen significant growth in indigenous production and exports, according to the recent economic analysis?
  • a)
    Agriculture Sector
  • b)
    Defence Sector
  • c)
    Technology Sector
  • d)
    Textile Sector
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
The defence sector in India has experienced substantial growth in indigenous production and exports. This development positions India as a reliable global supplier in defence, highlighting the country's strategic advancements in manufacturing capabilities. The growth in this sector not only reflects a focus on self-reliance but also enhances India's standing in the global defence market, promoting national security and economic stability.

What is the primary purpose of the Government of India's draft regulations regarding oilfields?
  • a)
    To increase foreign investment in the oil and gas sector
  • b)
    To grant pre-emption rights to the government during national emergencies
  • c)
    To promote private ownership of oil resources
  • d)
    To eliminate all regulations on oil and gas exploration
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The primary purpose of the draft regulations is to grant the government pre-emption rights over oil and natural gas resources during times of national emergencies. This measure is designed to protect national interests and ensure that essential resources remain accessible for public welfare in critical situations, such as wars or natural disasters. The government’s ability to exercise these rights reflects a strategic approach to national security and economic stability.

What prompted the Trump administration to expedite the citizenship applications of Afrikaners arriving in the United States?
  • a)
    Economic incentives for immigration
  • b)
    A new trade agreement with South Africa
  • c)
    Humanitarian concerns over general violence in South Africa
  • d)
    Ongoing tensions in South Africa related to land expropriation policies
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
The Trump administration expedited the citizenship applications of Afrikaners due to ongoing tensions in South Africa surrounding land expropriation policies. This law allows the government to seize land without compensation, raising fears among Afrikaners about potential violence and loss of property. The situation reflects broader issues of human rights and the complex dynamics of immigration in response to domestic policies in other countries.

What is the primary goal of Saudi Arabia's TOURISE initiative?
  • a)
    To reduce the environmental impact of tourism
  • b)
    To increase the number of domestic tourists in Saudi Arabia
  • c)
    To promote cultural exchange among Middle Eastern countries
  • d)
    To enhance the country's status as a global tourism destination
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

The TOURISE initiative aims to elevate Saudi Arabia's position as a leading global tourism destination. This is part of a broader strategy linked to the Vision 2030 goal of attracting over 100 million visitors by 2024. By fostering collaboration among various sectors and addressing sustainability challenges, TOURISE seeks to make Saudi Arabia a premier choice for international travelers. An interesting fact is that the initiative is designed to connect influential figures from tourism, technology, and investment, highlighting the interconnectedness of various sectors in enhancing tourism.

What is the primary focus of India's recent experiments in space nutrition?
  • a)
    To identify sustainable food sources for long-duration space missions
  • b)
    To explore mineral resources on the Moon
  • c)
    To develop advanced satellite technologies
  • d)
    To enhance traditional farming techniques
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
The primary focus of India's recent experiments in space nutrition is to identify sustainable food sources for long-duration space missions. These initiatives aim to ensure that astronauts have access to nutritious food while minimizing dependency on supplies from Earth. This is particularly important for missions that may last for extended periods, such as those planned for Mars or other distant destinations. An interesting fact about space nutrition is that microalgae, being studied in these experiments, can potentially double their biomass in just 26 hours, making them an efficient food source in microgravity environments.

What was Justice K.V. Viswanathan's dissenting opinion regarding Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act?
  • a)
    It should be amended to include more grounds for annulment.
  • b)
    It should permit modifications only in domestic cases.
  • c)
    It should prohibit all forms of modifications to maintain arbitration integrity.
  • d)
    It should allow for broad modifications of awards.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Justice K.V. Viswanathan argued that Section 34 should not permit modifications, as allowing them could undermine the arbitration process, particularly in international contexts. This dissent highlights concerns about the potential erosion of arbitration's role as a reliable and efficient dispute resolution mechanism, suggesting that clarity and consistency are crucial for the credibility of arbitration in global commerce.

How did the historical development of loitering munitions influence the design of Harop drones?
  • a)
    They eliminated the need for aerial reconnaissance
  • b)
    They were inspired by the HARPY developed in the 1980s
  • c)
    They were designed to be used only in naval operations
  • d)
    They focus only on ground targets
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
The design of Harop drones is influenced by the historical development of loitering munitions, specifically the HARPY developed by Israel Aerospace Industries in the 1980s. This lineage showcases the evolution from earlier models to more advanced systems capable of sophisticated targeting and engagement strategies. The HAROP drone incorporates modern technology and enhanced capabilities, reflecting advancements in military technology over the decades.

What is the projected GDP growth rate for India in 2025 according to the UN report?
  • a)
    5.5%
  • b)
    6.0%
  • c)
    6.3%
  • d)
    7.0%
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
The UN report projects India's GDP growth rate for 2025 to be 6.3%. This positions India as the fastest-growing large economy despite global economic challenges. A key aspect of this growth is attributed to strong domestic consumption and public spending, which help maintain economic momentum even amidst external uncertainties.

What is the primary aim of the Tribal Hamlet Disaster Management Plan (THDMP) in Kerala?
  • a)
    To increase agricultural productivity in tribal areas
  • b)
    To enhance tourism in Kerala
  • c)
    To safeguard tribal communities in vulnerable hilly regions
  • d)
    To promote urban development in cities
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
The Tribal Hamlet Disaster Management Plan (THDMP) is specifically designed to protect tribal communities living in vulnerable hilly regions, particularly against extreme weather conditions. By focusing on safeguarding these populations, the plan aims to enhance disaster resilience through a combination of traditional knowledge and modern scientific methods. An interesting fact is that this approach not only addresses immediate disaster risks but also integrates cultural practices, ensuring that solutions resonate with the communities they are designed to protect.

What was the primary reason for the United States lifting sanctions on Syria?
  • a)
    To punish the Assad regime further
  • b)
    To support Syria's recovery under new leadership
  • c)
    To enhance military cooperation with Syria
  • d)
    To isolate Syria from international relations
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
The lifting of sanctions aimed to support Syria's recovery under the leadership of Ahmed al-Sharaa, who has adopted a moderate approach. This decision reflects a strategic shift in U.S. foreign policy, seeking to facilitate Syria's reintegration into the global economy and promote humanitarian efforts, rather than continuing punitive measures against the previous government.

What was the major impact of Operation Sindoor on India's trade relations with Turkey?
  • a)
    Expansion of tourism initiatives
  • b)
    Decrease in bilateral trade volumes
  • c)
    Strengthening of cultural ties
  • d)
    Increase in exports of agricultural products
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
Operation Sindoor has led to a decrease in bilateral trade volumes between India and Turkey, primarily due to rising negative sentiments towards Turkish products following geopolitical tensions. This decline in trade reflects the broader impact of political relationships on economic interactions, illustrating how diplomatic issues can significantly reshape trade dynamics. An interesting fact is that economic sanctions or boycotts can lead to long-term changes in consumer behavior and market preferences, which may take years to reverse even after political relations improve.

Which section of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act of 1996 deals with the grounds for setting aside arbitral awards?
  • a)
    Section 34
  • b)
    Section 37
  • c)
    Section 32
  • d)
    Section 40
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act outlines the grounds upon which an arbitral award can be annulled. This section serves to ensure that there are clear, legal bases for challenging an award, which is essential for maintaining public confidence in the arbitration process as a fair and effective means of resolving disputes.

What is the primary objective of the introduction of Integrated Theatre Commands (ITC) in the Indian armed forces?
  • a)
    To focus solely on land warfare
  • b)
    To increase the number of military personnel
  • c)
    To expand the military budget significantly
  • d)
    To enhance operational efficiency and collaboration among military branches
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

The primary objective of the Integrated Theatre Commands is to enhance operational efficiency and foster collaboration among the Army, Navy, and Air Force. This restructuring aims to create a more agile and responsive military force capable of addressing contemporary security challenges effectively. The integration of different branches is key to modernizing military capabilities and ensuring better coordination during operations. An interesting fact is that this initiative represents one of the most significant changes in the Indian military structure since independence.

What is the primary purpose of the INS Arnala as part of the Indian Navy's capabilities?
  • a)
    To enhance coastal defence against submarine threats
  • b)
    To serve as a cargo vessel for transporting goods
  • c)
    To function as a luxury yacht for naval officers
  • d)
    To assist in international humanitarian missions
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
The INS Arnala is designed specifically for Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) and plays a crucial role in enhancing India's coastal defence against submarine threats. This vessel is equipped for comprehensive sub-surface surveillance and anti-submarine operations, highlighting its strategic importance in safeguarding maritime security. Interestingly, the involvement of the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model in its construction reflects India's push towards self-reliance in defence production.

Which of the following features distinguishes the EOS-09 satellite from traditional optical cameras?
  • a)
    It transmits data faster
  • b)
    It has a larger size
  • c)
    It can capture images in all weather conditions, including at night
  • d)
    It can only operate during the day
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
The EOS-09 satellite features advanced radar technology that allows it to capture high-resolution images in all weather conditions, including during cloudy skies and at night. This capability sets it apart from traditional optical cameras, which often require clear visibility to function effectively. The ability to operate in various conditions enhances the satellite's utility for applications like surveillance and disaster management, making it an essential tool for gathering critical data regardless of environmental challenges.

What is the primary aim of the Sahajog initiative launched by the Odisha government?
  • a)
    To improve access to education for rural populations
  • b)
    To provide job training for urban youth
  • c)
    To enhance access to government welfare schemes for urban poor families
  • d)
    To promote tourism in urban areas
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

The Sahajog initiative is specifically designed to improve access to government welfare schemes for urban poor families. By targeting this demographic, the program seeks to bridge the gap between urban poverty and the support that is available, ensuring that those in need can benefit from essential government services. This initiative reflects a broader commitment to addressing the challenges faced by urban poor populations.

What major structural issues were highlighted in the recent report by the National Dam Safety Authority (NDSA) regarding the KLIP?
  • a)
    Sinking and cracking of piers, sand piping, and cavity formation
  • b)
    Inadequate funding and budget overruns
  • c)
    Failure to meet irrigation targets and deadlines
  • d)
    Lack of political support and public interest
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

The NDSA report identified severe structural issues with the Medigadda barrage, including sinking and cracking of piers, sand piping, and cavity formation. These problems pose significant risks to the infrastructure's integrity and necessitate immediate rehabilitation efforts. Such structural concerns highlight the importance of thorough engineering assessments and maintenance protocols in large-scale infrastructure projects to prevent potential failures that can have far-reaching consequences.

What impact have new tariffs had on the export strategies of Chinese electric vehicle manufacturers?
  • a)
    They have no impact on export strategies.
  • b)
    They have prompted plans for establishing overseas production facilities.
  • c)
    They have increased the sale of electric vehicles in China.
  • d)
    They have encouraged manufacturers to lower prices.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
The introduction of new tariffs, especially by regions like the EU and the US, has significantly affected the export strategies of Chinese manufacturers. In response to these tariffs, many manufacturers are planning to establish assembly plants abroad, particularly in countries like Brazil and Türkiye. This strategic shift aims to mitigate the financial impacts of tariffs and maintain competitiveness in the international market, highlighting the dynamic nature of global trade in the electric vehicle sector.

What percentage of the assessed population experienced acute food insecurity in 2024 according to the UN's report?
  • a)
    22.6%
  • b)
    18.2%
  • c)
    25.0%
  • d)
    15.5%
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
In 2024, 22.6% of the assessed population faced acute food insecurity, marking a concerning increase from the previous year. This statistic highlights the escalating challenges related to food shortages, driven largely by conflict, economic instability, and climate change. Understanding the scale of food insecurity is crucial for developing effective responses and interventions aimed at alleviating hunger.

What percentage of global electric vehicle exports does China account for?
  • a)
    60%
  • b)
    50%
  • c)
    40%
  • d)
    30%
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
China accounts for 40% of global electric vehicle exports, establishing itself as a dominant player in the electric vehicle market. This significant share highlights the country's influence and competitiveness in the global automotive landscape, particularly as emerging economies increasingly adopt electric vehicles. The growth of China's EV exports is also linked to their affordability compared to traditional internal combustion engine vehicles.

Which historical event prompted the formalization of India’s civil defence framework?
  • a)
    The conflict with China in 1962
  • b)
    The independence of India in 1947
  • c)
    The establishment of the United Nations
  • d)
    The India-Pakistan war of 1971
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

The formalization of India’s civil defence framework was prompted by the conflict with China in 1962. This led to the recognition of the need for structured civil defence mechanisms, which were further developed after the subsequent conflicts with Pakistan. The Civil Defence Act of 1968 was a pivotal moment in this evolution, integrating disaster management into civil defence practices.

What is one significant challenge faced by low- and middle-income countries in the nursing sector?
  • a)
    Faster population growth than job creation
  • b)
    Excessive job availability
  • c)
    Sufficient mental health support for staff
  • d)
    High levels of international nurse migration
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
Low- and middle-income countries face the challenge of faster population growth compared to job creation for nursing graduates. This disparity makes it difficult to employ the increasing number of nursing graduates, leading to underemployment and potential healthcare service shortages. Addressing this issue requires enhanced domestic investments to improve working conditions and create more nursing positions, ensuring that the health needs of growing populations are met effectively.

How have overlapping fire weather days changed since 1979?
  • a)
    They have increased by several weeks each year.
  • b)
    They have remained constant.
  • c)
    They have increased by one day each year.
  • d)
    They have decreased significantly.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Research indicates that overlapping fire weather days have increased by one day each year since 1979. This trend highlights the growing challenges in managing fire risks as seasons become more unpredictable, underscoring the need for enhanced firefighting strategies and international cooperation.

What is the primary benefit of using hybrid paddy seeds in agriculture?
  • a)
    They are less expensive than traditional seeds.
  • b)
    They require more water than traditional seeds.
  • c)
    They can increase yields by 1 to 1.5 tonnes per hectare.
  • d)
    They have longer growing periods.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
Hybrid paddy seeds are designed to enhance productivity, and one of their significant advantages is their ability to increase yields by 1 to 1.5 tonnes per hectare compared to traditional varieties. This increased yield can play a critical role in addressing food security and improving farmers' income. Furthermore, hybrid seeds are often developed to be more resilient to environmental stresses, which can contribute to greater overall agricultural sustainability.

What does Article 51 of the United Nations Charter allow member states to do?
  • a)
    Conduct military operations without any oversight
  • b)
    Form alliances with non-member states
  • c)
    Defend themselves against armed attacks until Security Council intervention
  • d)
    Engage in international trade without restrictions
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
Article 51 of the UN Charter specifically grants member states the right to defend themselves against armed attacks until the Security Council takes action. This provision is crucial in maintaining international peace and security, allowing nations to protect themselves in emergencies. An interesting fact is that this article is often invoked in discussions surrounding the legitimacy of military actions taken by states in self-defense.

What percentage increase in malaria cases was reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2023 compared to the previous year?
  • a)
    2.1%
  • b)
    4.3%
  • c)
    5.0%
  • d)
    3.5%
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The WHO reported a 4.3% increase in malaria cases in 2023 compared to the previous year. This statistic highlights the ongoing challenge of malaria, particularly in regions where the disease remains endemic. Malaria is a significant public health issue, and understanding these trends is crucial for developing effective interventions and control strategies.

What was the primary aim of the ASEAN-GCC summit held in May 2025?
  • a)
    To establish cultural exchange programs between the regions
  • b)
    To address military alliances between ASEAN and GCC nations
  • c)
    To discuss environmental issues affecting Southeast Asia
  • d)
    To enhance interregional collaboration and economic resilience
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
The ASEAN-GCC summit aimed to enhance interregional collaboration and bolster economic resilience in response to global uncertainties and rising U.S. tariffs. This gathering involved key representatives from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), focusing on strengthening ties for sustainable prosperity amidst geopolitical challenges. The emphasis on economic resilience highlights the importance of international cooperation in navigating external pressures.

What is a significant advantage of the newly developed sodium-ion battery compared to traditional lithium-ion batteries?
  • a)
    Faster charging speeds and greater durability
  • b)
    Increased fire risk
  • c)
    Limited availability of materials
  • d)
    Higher cost and resource scarcity
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
The newly developed sodium-ion battery offers faster charging speeds and greater durability compared to traditional lithium-ion batteries. It can charge up to 80% in just six minutes and withstand over 3000 charge cycles, making it a promising alternative for various applications, including electric vehicles. This technology’s reliance on sodium, which is abundant and inexpensive, further enhances its viability as a sustainable energy storage solution. Interestingly, this advancement supports broader initiatives for energy self-reliance and clean energy access in regions where sodium is readily available.

What is the primary objective of the Panchayat Advancement Index (PAI) Version 2.0?
  • a)
    To reduce the number of Panchayats across India
  • b)
    To evaluate the performance of state governments
  • c)
    To assess the governance and performance of Gram Panchayats
  • d)
    To create a national database of all villages in India
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
The primary objective of the Panchayat Advancement Index (PAI) Version 2.0 is to assess the governance and performance of Gram Panchayats throughout India. This framework is designed to enhance local governance by providing a data-driven approach to evaluate over 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats, thereby improving community welfare and accountability in local administration.

What is the primary goal of the Rahveer Scheme launched in Madhya Pradesh?
  • a)
    To increase the number of medical facilities
  • b)
    To promote tourism in the state
  • c)
    To provide financial assistance to road safety organizations
  • d)
    To reduce road fatalities
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
The Rahveer Scheme aims primarily to reduce road fatalities in Madhya Pradesh, a state that experienced over 54,000 accidents in the previous year. By rewarding good Samaritans who assist accident victims with financial incentives, the scheme encourages timely medical assistance, which can significantly save lives. An interesting fact is that good Samaritan laws exist in various countries to protect individuals who help in emergencies from legal liability, highlighting the universal recognition of the importance of aiding those in distress.

What is one of the primary ecological benefits of urban forests?
  • a)
    They promote urban sprawl.
  • b)
    They absorb carbon dioxide and pollutants.
  • c)
    They increase urban pollution levels.
  • d)
    They contribute to habitat destruction.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
Urban forests play a crucial role in enhancing air quality by absorbing carbon dioxide and various pollutants. This function helps mitigate climate change and improves the overall health of urban environments. Interestingly, studies show that a hectare of mature urban trees can remove about one ton of air pollutants annually, making them vital for urban ecological balance.

Which initiative aims to create 1,000 urban forests in India by 2027?
  • a)
    Godavarman Case
  • b)
    Save Aarey Forest Movement
  • c)
    Nagar Van Yojana
  • d)
    National Forest Policy
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

The Nagar Van Yojana is a government initiative designed to establish 1,000 urban forests across India by 2027. This initiative reflects the government's commitment to promote environmental sustainability amid rapid urbanization. An interesting aspect of this plan is its emphasis on community involvement, which is essential for the successful implementation and maintenance of these urban forests, ensuring that local populations benefit from the green spaces.

What percentage of the global nursing workforce is represented by women?
  • a)
    75%
  • b)
    80%
  • c)
    85%
  • d)
    70%
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Women account for 85% of the nursing workforce, reflecting the significant role female professionals play in healthcare. This high percentage raises important discussions around gender equality in nursing practices and the need for policies that empower female nurses in their careers. Moreover, the predominance of women in nursing emphasizes the importance of addressing their specific needs and challenges in the workplace.

What is the primary limitation established by the Supreme Court regarding appellate courts' authority over arbitral awards?
  • a)
    Modifications are allowed only under specific conditions.
  • b)
    Modifications are strictly prohibited in all cases.
  • c)
    Appellate courts can modify awards freely.
  • d)
    Appellate courts can overturn any arbitral decision.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

The Supreme Court clarified that appellate courts have limited authority to modify arbitral awards, permitting modifications only under specific conditions, such as when the awards are severable. This ruling aims to protect the integrity of arbitration as a preferred method for dispute resolution, emphasizing that modifications should not be arbitrary but based on defined criteria.

What is the primary purpose of Article 51 of the UN Charter with respect to state actions?
  • a)
    To promote global trade agreements
  • b)
    To encourage diplomatic negotiations only
  • c)
    To establish the right of states to self-defence
  • d)
    To restrict military alliances between nations
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
Article 51 of the UN Charter is designed to affirm the right of states to protect themselves against aggression. This provision highlights the importance of national sovereignty while also emphasizing the need for collective security among nations. By allowing states to respond militarily when attacked, it seeks to provide a framework for legitimate self-defence, ensuring that any response is proportional and necessary.

What percentage of rural women aged 15 and above reportedly do not own a mobile phone as indicated by the Comprehensive Modular Survey – Telecom?
  • a)
    71.8%
  • b)
    90%
  • c)
    80.7%
  • d)
    51.6%
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

The survey indicates that 51.6% of rural women aged 15 and above do not own a mobile phone. This statistic highlights a significant gender disparity in mobile phone ownership, raising concerns about digital access and gender equity in rural areas. Addressing this gap is crucial for enhancing women's engagement in the digital economy and improving their overall empowerment.

What percentage of India's total electricity generation was contributed by renewable sources in 2024?
  • a)
    25%
  • b)
    15%
  • c)
    20%
  • d)
    18%
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sushil Kumar answered
In 2024, renewable sources contributed 20% to India's total electricity generation. This reflects a slight increase from 15% in 2010, indicating that while there has been growth in renewable energy capacity, coal still dominates the energy mix. It's noteworthy that despite this increase in percentage, the actual generation from renewables has not kept pace with the rising electricity demand, highlighting the challenges in transitioning to greener energy sources.

What mechanism is established to ensure fairness when the government exercises its pre-emption rights over oil and gas resources?
  • a)
    A tax incentive for oil producers
  • b)
    A fair market price based on current market conditions
  • c)
    A fixed price set by the government
  • d)
    A bidding process among producers
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The legislation establishes a mechanism that requires the government to pay producers a fair market price for oil and natural gas when exercising its pre-emption rights. This approach ensures that producers are compensated fairly based on the prevailing market conditions, which is crucial for maintaining equity in the industry and encouraging compliance among stakeholders. This system also reflects the government's commitment to balancing national interests with the rights of producers.

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