All questions of Animal Diversity Of India for BPSC (Bihar) Exam

The correct answer is option 'D', which means all of the statements are correct. Let's analyze each statement in detail:

Statement 1: The Sumatran Rhinoceros is the smallest and most endangered of the five rhinoceros species.
- This statement is correct. The Sumatran Rhinoceros, also known as Dicerorhinus sumatrensis, is indeed the smallest rhinoceros species. It is also considered to be the most critically endangered rhinoceros species, with a population of less than 80 individuals remaining in the wild.

Statement 2: The Sumatran Rhinoceros is now thought to be regionally extinct in India, though it once occurred in the foothills of the Himalayas and north-east India.
- This statement is also correct. Historically, the Sumatran Rhinoceros inhabited various regions, including the foothills of the Himalayas and north-east India. However, due to habitat loss, poaching, and other factors, it is believed to be regionally extinct in India. The last confirmed sighting of the species in India was in the state of Assam in 1949.

Statement 3: The Javan Rhinoceros is also believed to be extinct in India, and only a small number survive in Java and Vietnam.
- This statement is correct as well. The Javan Rhinoceros, also known as Rhinoceros sondaicus, is critically endangered and is believed to be extinct in India. Its population is extremely low, with only a small number surviving in Java, Indonesia, and Vietnam.

In conclusion, all of the given statements are correct. The Sumatran Rhinoceros is the smallest and most endangered of the five rhinoceros species. It is regionally extinct in India, although it once existed in the foothills of the Himalayas and north-east India. Similarly, the Javan Rhinoceros is believed to be extinct in India, and only a small number of individuals survive in Java and Vietnam.

Habitat: Wetland areas

The Siberian Crane is a migratory bird species that is known for its distinctive white plumage and long, slender neck. It is one of the most endangered crane species in the world. The habitat of the Siberian Crane is primarily wetland areas, including marshes, swamps, and shallow lakes. These wetland areas provide the necessary food and nesting sites for the crane.

Wetlands are important for the Siberian Crane because they offer a rich diversity of plant and animal life, including aquatic plants, fish, and invertebrates. These resources are essential for the crane's survival, as they provide the necessary nutrients for its diet. The wetland areas also offer suitable nesting sites, which are usually located in tall grasses or reeds near water bodies.

The Siberian Crane is known for its long-distance migration, which takes place between its breeding grounds in the Arctic tundra and its wintering grounds in warmer regions. During migration, the crane relies on a network of wetland areas along its route to rest and refuel. These wetlands serve as stopover sites, providing the crane with opportunities to rest and feed before continuing its journey.

Located distribution: Keoladeo National Park in Rajasthan

Keoladeo National Park, formerly known as Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary, is a famous bird sanctuary located in Rajasthan, India. It is known for its rich avian diversity and is a popular destination for birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts. The park is home to a wide variety of bird species, including the Siberian Crane.

Keoladeo National Park provides an ideal habitat for the Siberian Crane during its wintering period. The park is characterized by its wetland areas, which consist of shallow lakes, marshes, and reed beds. These wetlands offer abundant food resources for the crane, including fish, insects, and aquatic plants.

The Siberian Crane is known to migrate to Keoladeo National Park from its breeding grounds in Siberia during the winter months. The park provides the crane with a safe and suitable environment to spend the winter, with ample food resources and suitable nesting sites. The presence of the Siberian Crane in Keoladeo National Park is a testament to the importance of wetland conservation in preserving endangered species.

In conclusion, both statements are correctly matched regarding the Siberian Crane. The crane's habitat is indeed wetland areas, and one of its located distributions is Keoladeo National Park in Rajasthan. Wetlands play a crucial role in supporting the survival and migration of the Siberian Crane, and Keoladeo National Park provides a suitable wintering ground for this endangered species.

Migration refers to the regular, recurrent, and cyclical, seasonal movement of birds from one place to another. The distance of migration ranged from short distances to thousands of kilometers. But at the end of the period, birds will eventually return to the original place.