All questions of Renewable Energy for BPSC (Bihar) Exam

Explanation:

Hydraulic power or hydropower is the power derived from the energy of water flowing from a higher level to a lower level. It is a renewable and sustainable source of energy that has been used for centuries to grind grain and power machinery. The statement 1 is correct as hydraulic power can be captured when water flows down from a higher level to a lower level, thereby converting the mechanical energy of water into kinetic energy to drive the generator.

However, statement 2 is incorrect as hydropower is not always the cheapest and cleanest source of energy. Here are some points to support this:

Cost:
- The cost of building a hydropower plant can be high, especially if it involves building a dam or reservoir.
- The cost of maintenance and repair of hydropower plants can also be high.
- The cost of transmission lines to transport the electricity from the hydropower plant to the consumer can also be high.

Environmental impact:
- Building a dam or reservoir can have a significant impact on the environment, including the loss of habitats, displacement of people, and alteration of river ecosystems.
- Hydropower plants can also have an impact on fish migration and water quality.
- Decomposing organic matter in reservoirs can produce methane, a potent greenhouse gas.

In conclusion, statement 1 is correct, but statement 2 is incorrect as hydropower is not always the cheapest and cleanest source of energy.

Solar thermal, As the name is suggesting it converts solar energy into heat energy.. So 2 is correct
Also, photovoltaic cell (solar cell) convert direct sunlight energy into electricity....

Explanation:

High Altitude Locations:
- High altitude locations have low air pressure and lighter air, making them less productive for wind turbines.
- The lower air density at higher altitudes results in less force acting on the turbine blades, leading to lower energy production.
- Therefore, wind turbines are generally less efficient in high altitude locations compared to sea level areas.

Sea Level Locations:
- The dense, heavy air near sea level drives the rotors of wind turbines faster and more effectively.
- The higher air density at lower altitudes provides more force to the turbine blades, allowing them to generate more power.
- As a result, wind turbines installed at sea level locations tend to be more productive and efficient than those at high altitudes.
Therefore, both statements are correct as they highlight the impact of air density on the productivity of wind turbines in different locations.

Onshore Wind Farms

Introduction:
Onshore wind farms are wind energy generation facilities that are built on land. They use wind turbines to convert wind energy into electricity. Onshore wind farms are becoming increasingly popular as a source of renewable energy.

Statement analysis:
1. They operate on land, where the wind tends to be the strongest.
This statement is correct. Onshore wind farms are typically located in areas where the wind is strong, such as hilltops and ridges. This is because the higher the turbine, the stronger the wind.

2. The turbines of Onshore wind farms are less expensive and easier to set up, maintain, and operate than offshore turbines.
This statement is also correct. Onshore wind turbines are less expensive to set up, maintain, and operate than their offshore counterparts. This is because they are easier to access and do not require special equipment to install.

Conclusion:
Both statements are correct. Onshore wind farms are a great source of renewable energy, as they are cost-effective and easy to maintain. They are becoming increasingly popular as a way to reduce carbon emissions and combat climate change.