All questions of Economic Geography of Uttar Pradesh for UPPSC (UP) Exam

The text specifies that extensive deposits of high-grade Silica Sand occur near Shankargarh and Bargarh in Allahabad district. Silica sand is an essential source of glass sand, and the quality of the sand in Naini area of Allahabad is particularly high.

Agra-Lucknow Expressway is the expressway in Uttar Pradesh that includes an airstrip of 3 km for war-like emergencies and connects Agra and Lucknow. This expressway is a significant infrastructure project in the state and has been designed to provide better connectivity and facilitate faster transportation between these two cities.

Here is a detailed explanation of why the correct answer is option 'C':

1. Agra-Lucknow Expressway:
The Agra-Lucknow Expressway is a six-lane, 302 km long access-controlled expressway in Uttar Pradesh. It is one of the longest expressways in India and has been constructed to reduce travel time and provide a smooth and safer commute for commuters traveling between Agra and Lucknow.

2. Airstrip for War-like Emergencies:
One of the unique features of the Agra-Lucknow Expressway is the presence of a 3 km long airstrip along its route. This airstrip has been constructed for war-like emergencies and can be utilized for emergency landing of military aircraft. It provides an alternative landing option for aircraft in case of any unforeseen circumstances or emergencies.

3. Importance of an Airstrip:
Including an airstrip along the expressway serves multiple purposes. It enhances the strategic capabilities of the region by providing an emergency landing facility for military aircraft. This can be crucial during times of war or other emergencies when the existing airbases may be inaccessible or under threat. It also helps in increasing the efficiency of military operations by providing a closer base for aircraft deployment.

4. Connectivity between Agra and Lucknow:
The Agra-Lucknow Expressway is an essential transportation link that connects two major cities in Uttar Pradesh - Agra and Lucknow. Agra is famous for the Taj Mahal, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, while Lucknow is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh. The expressway reduces the travel time between these two cities, enabling faster movement of people, goods, and services.

5. Infrastructure Development:
The construction of the Agra-Lucknow Expressway showcases the commitment of the Uttar Pradesh government towards infrastructure development. The expressway not only improves connectivity but also promotes economic growth by attracting investments and facilitating smoother transportation of goods.

In conclusion, the Agra-Lucknow Expressway in Uttar Pradesh includes a 3 km long airstrip for war-like emergencies. This feature enhances the strategic capabilities of the region and provides an alternate landing option for military aircraft. The expressway plays a crucial role in improving connectivity between Agra and Lucknow and promotes overall development in the state.

Introduction:
Firozabad is a city in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is primarily associated with the glass industry, which has been a significant part of the city's economy for many years. Firozabad is often referred to as the "Glass City of India" due to its rich history and prominence in the glass manufacturing sector.

History of Glass Industry in Firozabad:
The glass industry in Firozabad has a long and illustrious history that dates back to the Mughal era. It is believed that the skill of glass manufacturing was brought to Firozabad by Persian artisans during the reign of Emperor Akbar. Over the years, the city became a hub for glass production, attracting craftsmen from various parts of the country.

Growth and Development:
The glass industry in Firozabad witnessed significant growth and development during the British colonial period. The establishment of glass factories by British entrepreneurs further boosted the industry. These factories introduced modern techniques and machinery, leading to increased production and improved quality of glass products.

Present Scenario:
Today, Firozabad is home to numerous glass manufacturing units, ranging from small-scale to large-scale enterprises. These units produce a wide variety of glass products such as bangles, glassware, lamps, bottles, and decorative items. The city's glass products are not only popular in the domestic market but also exported to different parts of the world.

Importance of Glass Industry in Firozabad:
The glass industry plays a crucial role in the economy of Firozabad. It provides employment opportunities to a large number of people, both directly and indirectly. The industry has also contributed to the overall socio-economic development of the city and the region.

Challenges and Future Prospects:
Despite its significance, the glass industry in Firozabad faces several challenges. One of the major challenges is the use of outdated technology and lack of modernization in many units. Additionally, the industry also grapples with issues like environmental pollution and health hazards for workers.

However, efforts are being made to address these challenges and promote sustainable growth in the glass industry. The state government and industry associations are working towards providing technical and financial support to the manufacturers. Moreover, initiatives are being taken to promote skill development and create a favorable business environment for the industry.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the glass industry is primarily associated with the city of Firozabad in Uttar Pradesh. The city's rich history, skilled artisans, and favorable geographical location have contributed to its prominence in the glass manufacturing sector. Despite challenges, the glass industry continues to thrive, contributing significantly to the local economy and providing employment opportunities to the people of Firozabad.

The total road length of Uttar Pradesh is approximately 18.37 lakh km. This extensive road network includes National Highways, Expressways, State Highways, District roads, and Village roads, making it the second-largest road network in India.

Uttar Pradesh Cement Production Rank:
Uttar Pradesh is ranked 9th in India in terms of cement production.

Factors contributing to Uttar Pradesh's cement production rank:
- **Availability of Raw Materials:** Uttar Pradesh has abundant limestone reserves, which is a key raw material for cement production.
- **Industrial Infrastructure:** The state has well-developed industrial infrastructure, including power supply, transportation, and communication networks, which support cement manufacturing.
- **Government Policies:** The state government has implemented policies to promote industrial growth, including the cement sector, which has led to increased production.
- **Growing Demand:** With rapid urbanization and infrastructure development projects in the state, there is a growing demand for cement, driving production levels.

Impact on the Economy:
- The cement industry plays a significant role in the state's economy by generating employment opportunities, contributing to government revenue through taxes, and supporting ancillary industries.
- Uttar Pradesh's cement production rank reflects its position as a key player in India's cement manufacturing sector, contributing to the country's overall economic growth.
In conclusion, Uttar Pradesh's 9th rank in cement production highlights the state's importance in the industry and its contribution to the economy.

The correct answer is option 'C', Lucknow Metro Rail.

The Lucknow Metro Rail project was inaugurated on 1st December 2016. It is a 50:50 joint venture between the Government of India and the Government of Uttar Pradesh. Let's understand more about the project:

1. Background:
- The idea of a metro system in Lucknow was first proposed in 2008.
- The project aimed to provide a modern and efficient mass rapid transit system in the city.
- The Lucknow Metro Rail Corporation (LMRC) was established to oversee the planning, construction, and operation of the metro system.

2. Key Features:
- The Lucknow Metro Rail is a rapid transit system serving the city of Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh.
- The metro system consists of two operational lines: the North-South Corridor (Red Line) and the East-West Corridor (Blue Line).
- The Red Line stretches from Chaudhary Charan Singh International Airport to Munshipulia, covering a distance of approximately 23 kilometers. It has 21 stations.
- The Blue Line runs from Charbagh railway station to Vasant Kunj, covering a distance of around 11 kilometers. It has 12 stations.
- The metro trains operate on standard gauge tracks and are powered by 25kV AC overhead electric traction.
- The stations are equipped with modern facilities, including escalators, elevators, CCTV cameras, and automatic fare collection systems.

3. Benefits:
- The Lucknow Metro Rail has brought several benefits to the city and its residents.
- It has significantly reduced travel time and congestion on the roads.
- The metro system has enhanced connectivity and improved accessibility for commuters.
- It has provided a safer and more comfortable mode of transportation, especially for women, senior citizens, and differently-abled individuals.
- The project has also created employment opportunities during its construction and operation phases.

4. Future Plans:
- The Lucknow Metro Rail project is planned to be further expanded in the future.
- The Phase 1A extension of the North-South Corridor is under construction, which will extend the Red Line from Munshipulia to Amausi.
- The Phase 1B extension of the East-West Corridor is also planned, which will extend the Blue Line from Vasant Kunj to Rajajipuram.

In conclusion, the Lucknow Metro Rail project, inaugurated on 1st December 2016, is a 50:50 joint venture between the Government of India and the Government of Uttar Pradesh. It has brought significant improvements in transportation and connectivity in Lucknow, benefiting the residents of the city.

Chaudhary Charan Singh International Airport in Lucknow is the second busiest airport in North India after Indira Gandhi International Airport. It serves as a major hub for air travel in the region.

Vindhyan sandstone deposits occur in Agra, Lalitpur, Chitrakoot, Allahabad, Mirzapur, Varanasi, and Sonbhadra districts, as mentioned in the text. These are exploited by private parties and marketed as Slabstone, Millstone, and Building stone.

The text mentions the possibility of proving large deposits of China clay at Naudiha, Ramgarh, Kon & Nigahein in Sonbhadra district. The clay occurs in the weathering zone below sandstone and could be used in low-temperature stone-ware body production.

The Uttar Pradesh Special Economic Development Authority Act was passed in the year 2002, providing the legal framework for the establishment and development of special economic zones in the state.

The Bundelkhand Expressway is a proposed 289 km, 4-lane access-controlled highway in Uttar Pradesh, announced in 2017. It is intended to connect Chitrakoot, Banda, Hamirpur, Jalaun, and Auraiya districts.

Noida and Lucknow are major hubs of the Information Technology (IT) industry in Uttar Pradesh. Noida, in particular, houses the headquarters of major corporate, media, and financial institutions.

Asia's longest Cycle Highway Track was inaugurated in Agra on 27th November 2016, as part of the Agra-Lucknow Expressway. It covers a total length of 207 km, constructed by the Uttar Pradesh Public Works Department.

The text mentions that Uttar Pradesh is the principal holder of the country's andalusite & diaspore resources and possesses a significant amount (78%) of andalusite. It is important to note that andalusite is not the primary mineral resource, but rather, limestone holds this distinction. Limestone is a key mineral found in various areas of the state, with potential reserves outlined for Cement, Steel, and Chemical industries.

The first sugar mill in Uttar Pradesh was established in 1903 in Pratappur, Deoria district, marking the beginning of the state's prominent role in the sugar industry.

Large areas of river beds of Saharanpur district contain gold ranging from 0.1-0.2 gm/cubic meter of sand, as mentioned in the text. Beneficiation tests indicate a potential gold recovery of 60-80% using simple gravity methods.

National Waterway-1 in Uttar Pradesh is the longest waterway in India, running from Haldia to Prayagraj across the Ganges, Bhagirathi, and Hooghly river systems. It is 1620 km long.

The Yamuna (Taj) Expressway is a 6-lane controlled access expressway that connects Greater Noida with Agra. Stretching over 165 km, it was inaugurated on 9th August 2012 and is known for its significance in connecting international tourist destinations, Delhi and Agra.

The Northern Railway Zone is the largest in terms of network in Uttar Pradesh, with a route spanning 6,807 km. It was established on 14th April 1952 and has its headquarters at Baroda House, New Delhi.

The text indicates that a large potentiality of dimensional Granite, suitable for blocks, slabs, and tiles, exists in district Lalitpur. This granite has the potential for export markets, and there is an opportunity to establish more plants in the Joint sector.

The text highlights the presence of large reserves of low-grade (25-30% iron) iron ore in Girar, Lalitpur. These reserves can be easily upgraded to 45% iron using gravity methods and can be utilized for making sponge iron.

The southern region of Uttar Pradesh, particularly Sonbhadra, is known as the 'Energy Capital' of India due to its significant contribution to the energy sector.

Mirzapur district in Uttar Pradesh is famous for its aluminium industry, with Hindustan Aluminium Corporation Limited (HINDALCO) located in Renukoot, Sonbhadra. The factory processes bauxite sourced from Varanasi and Banda districts.

The Ganga Expressway is an eight-lane access-controlled expressway with a total length of 1,047 km. It connects Greater Noida to Ballia, passing through significant cities like Varanasi, Prayagraj, Raebareli, and more.

Kanpur is known as the "Manchester of the East" because of its significant number of textile mills. The city is a major center for the cotton textile industry in Uttar Pradesh.

The text mentions low-grade andalusite deposits occurring in Bagisoti area of Chitrakoot district. GSI has estimated about 14 million tonnes reserves in Wyndhamganj area, indicating potential occurrences for exploitation.

The text specifies that extensive deposits of high-grade Silica Sand occur near Shankargarh and Bargarh in Allahabad and Chitrakoot districts. Some of these deposits are mined by private lease holders on a small scale.

Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) was established in 1956 and plays a crucial role in promoting and supporting khadi and village industries in Uttar Pradesh.

The text specifies that about 8.4 million tonnes of metal-grade Bauxite occur south of Manikpur in Chitrakoot district.

The Deen Dayal Handloom Encouragement scheme was implemented from 2000-01 in Uttar Pradesh to provide support for the basic input of the handloom industry.