All questions of General Knowledge for UPPSC (UP) Exam

Uttar Pradesh is linguistically rich, and its literature has been facilitated by a variety of languages, including Hindi, Urdu, Sanskrit, Hindustani, Braj Bhasha, English, Awadhi, Bagheli, Bhojpuri, Bundeli, and Kannauji.

In 2015-16, Uttar Pradesh allocated 3.98% of its budget to healthcare, amounting to Rs 12,104 crore out of an overall expenditure of Rs 3.04 lakh crore.

Understanding Scheduled Tribes in Uttar Pradesh
In the 2011 Census of India, the demographic structure of Uttar Pradesh revealed significant insights regarding the Scheduled Tribes (ST) population.
Scheduled Tribes (ST) Overview
- Scheduled Tribes are communities recognized by the Indian Constitution as socially and economically disadvantaged.
- They are entitled to certain benefits and reservations in government jobs and education.
Uttar Pradesh's ST Population
- Uttar Pradesh, being the most populous state in India, has a diverse population.
- According to the 2011 Census, the percentage of the total population belonging to Scheduled Tribes was approximately 0.6%.
Implications of ST Population Percentage
- The low percentage of 0.6% indicates that ST communities are relatively small in number compared to other groups within the state.
- This has implications for policies aimed at welfare and development, as targeted initiatives may be necessary to uplift these communities.
Significance in Governance and Policy
- Understanding the demographic makeup is crucial for the government to create effective policies.
- The representation of ST communities in political and social spheres can influence resource allocation and development programs.
In summary, the 2011 Census data highlights that only about 0.6% of Uttar Pradesh's population belongs to Scheduled Tribes, which is essential for both statistical awareness and policy formulation.

Answer:

Introduction:
The language that serves as the lingua franca for the rural population in Oudh, blending elements of Urdu and Khadi Boli is Awadhi. Awadhi is primarily spoken in the Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh, India, which includes places like Lucknow, Faizabad, and Ayodhya. It is recognized as one of the major dialects of Hindi and has a rich literary tradition.

Awadhi as the Lingua Franca:
Awadhi has emerged as the lingua franca for the rural population in Oudh due to various factors:

1. Geographical Location: Oudh is located in the Awadh region of Uttar Pradesh, where Awadhi is the dominant language. The geographical proximity and cultural connections between Oudh and Awadh have resulted in the influence of Awadhi on the local dialects in Oudh.

2. Blend of Urdu and Khadi Boli: Awadhi has developed as a blend of Urdu, which is influenced by Persian and Arabic, and Khadi Boli, which is a dialect of Hindi. This blending of elements from both languages has made Awadhi more accessible and understandable to the rural population in Oudh.

3. Historical Significance: Awadhi has a rich historical significance as it was the language of the Nawabs of Awadh, who were the rulers of the region during the Mughal era. The influence of the Nawabs and their courtly culture has contributed to the prominence of Awadhi in the region.

4. Literary Tradition: Awadhi has a vibrant literary tradition, with notable poets like Tulsidas, who wrote the famous epic Ramcharitmanas, and Malik Muhammad Jayasi, who wrote the epic Padmavat, hailing from the Awadh region. The popularity of these literary works has further enhanced the status of Awadhi as a language of importance.

5. Local Identification: Awadhi serves as a means of local identification and cultural expression for the rural population in Oudh. It helps in preserving and promoting the unique cultural heritage of the region.

In conclusion, Awadhi, with its blend of Urdu and Khadi Boli, serves as the lingua franca for the rural population in Oudh. Its geographical location, historical significance, literary tradition, and cultural identification make it a preferred language of communication in the region.

Declaration of Lal Bahadur Shastri Airport as an International Airport in Uttar Pradesh

In 2013, the central government of India declared Lal Bahadur Shastri Airport as an international airport in Uttar Pradesh. This decision was a significant step in the development of the state's infrastructure and aimed to boost international connectivity and facilitate increased trade and tourism.

1. Background of Lal Bahadur Shastri Airport:
- Lal Bahadur Shastri Airport is located in the city of Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh.
- It is one of the major airports in the state and serves as a gateway to the holy city of Varanasi, an important pilgrimage site for Hindus.
- The airport was initially established as an airfield during the British rule and later developed into a domestic airport.

2. Importance of International Airport:
- The declaration of Lal Bahadur Shastri Airport as an international airport was a significant step towards enhancing the connectivity of Uttar Pradesh with the rest of the world.
- International airports serve as important hubs for international trade, tourism, and cultural exchange.
- The development of an international airport in Uttar Pradesh would attract foreign tourists, boost the state's economy, and create employment opportunities.

3. Benefits of the Declaration:
- Enhanced Connectivity: The international airport status allows the airport to operate direct flights to and from various international destinations, improving connectivity and reducing travel time for passengers.
- Increased Tourism: The availability of international flights would attract more foreign tourists to Uttar Pradesh, especially to Varanasi, which is already a popular destination for its spiritual and cultural significance.
- Promotion of Trade and Commerce: The international airport would facilitate the movement of goods and services, promoting international trade and commerce in the region.
- Job Creation: The development of an international airport would create job opportunities in various sectors, including airlines, hospitality, transportation, and tourism, thereby contributing to the overall development of Uttar Pradesh.

4. Impact on the Economy:
- The declaration of Lal Bahadur Shastri Airport as an international airport would have a positive impact on the economy of Uttar Pradesh.
- The increased tourist inflow and improved connectivity would lead to increased spending on accommodation, transportation, and local businesses, thus boosting the state's economy.
- The airport's international status would attract foreign direct investment (FDI) and encourage the establishment of international businesses and industries in the region.

In conclusion, the central government's declaration of Lal Bahadur Shastri Airport as an international airport in Uttar Pradesh in 2013 was a significant step towards enhancing connectivity, promoting tourism and trade, and boosting the overall economy of the state.

Introduction
Uttar Pradesh, one of India's most populous states, has a diverse demographic structure, including various Scheduled Tribes (ST). According to the 2011 Census, the district with the highest proportion of ST population is Kheri.
Key Details about Kheri District
- Geographical Significance: Kheri, located in the northern part of Uttar Pradesh, is known for its extensive forest cover and rural landscape, which is conducive for tribal communities to thrive.
- Tribal Communities: The district is home to several tribal groups, including the Tharu and other indigenous populations. Their traditional lifestyles often revolve around agriculture, forest resources, and community-based activities.
- Census Data: The 2011 Census highlighted that Kheri had a significant percentage of the Scheduled Tribe population compared to other districts in Uttar Pradesh. This was attributed to both the historical presence of tribal communities and the natural resources available in the region.
Comparison with Other Districts
- Balrampur: While it has a notable tribal population, it does not surpass Kheri's percentage.
- Shrawasti: Similarly, Shrawasti has a smaller proportion of ST residents.
- Bahraich: Though Bahraich has tribal communities, the concentration is lower than in Kheri.
Conclusion
Kheri's designation as the district with the highest proportion of Scheduled Tribe population in Uttar Pradesh, as per the 2011 Census, is significant for understanding the state's demographic diversity and the socio-economic conditions of its tribal communities. This emphasizes the need for policies aimed at supporting the development and welfare of these populations.

Understanding SIFPSA
SIFPSA stands for the "State Innovations in Family Planning Services Project Agency." It is an initiative aimed at enhancing family planning services in specific regions. Below are the key details regarding SIFPSA:
Primary Objectives
- Enhancing Family Planning Services: The agency focuses on improving the accessibility and quality of family planning services.
- Innovative Approaches: SIFPSA employs innovative strategies to address challenges in family planning, including outreach programs and community engagement.
Key Functions
- Implementation of Programs: SIFPSA is responsible for implementing various family planning programs that cater to the needs of the population.
- Collaboration: It works in collaboration with governmental bodies and NGOs to ensure comprehensive service delivery.
Impact on Society
- Population Control: By promoting family planning, SIFPSA plays a crucial role in managing population growth and improving maternal and child health.
- Awareness and Education: The agency also focuses on educating communities about family planning options and reproductive health.
Conclusion
SIFPSA's commitment to innovative and efficient family planning services makes it a vital player in improving public health. Its focus on collaboration and community involvement ensures that it meets the needs of diverse populations effectively.

Child Sex Ratio among Scheduled Tribe (ST) Population

Child sex ratio is an important indicator of gender equality and demographic trends. It refers to the number of girls per 1,000 boys in a specific age group, typically 0-6 years.

Explanation of the Correct Answer

The child sex ratio among the Scheduled Tribe (ST) population in the age group 0-6 years is 973 (option 'B'). This means that for every 1,000 boys in this age group, there are 973 girls.

Reasoning

The child sex ratio of 973 indicates a slight preference for male children among the ST population in India. This ratio is below the ideal value of 1,000, suggesting a relative imbalance in the sex distribution within this community.

Significance

A lower child sex ratio can have negative implications for society, including issues related to gender discrimination, female infanticide, and skewed population demographics. It is essential to address the root causes of gender imbalance and promote gender equality within all communities.

In conclusion, the child sex ratio among the Scheduled Tribe (ST) population in the age group 0-6 years being 973 highlights the need for continued efforts to promote gender equality and address any underlying factors contributing to the imbalance in sex distribution.

The unique feature of the Dadra dance form in Uttar Pradesh and North Bihar is that it involves singers providing playback for the dancing artists. The performers lip-sync on stage to the playback, and the dance often revolves around themes of nuptial and sexual bliss, making Dadra a distinctive dance form in the region.

Tharu Tribe in Uttar Pradesh

Tharu tribe constitutes the highest percentage among the five Scheduled Tribes in Uttar Pradesh.

Reasons for Tharu tribe being the largest

- **Population:** Tharu tribe has a relatively higher population compared to other Scheduled Tribes in Uttar Pradesh.
- **Geographical Distribution:** Tharu tribe is spread across various districts in Uttar Pradesh, contributing to their higher percentage among the Scheduled Tribes.
- **Cultural Significance:** Tharu tribe has a rich cultural heritage and presence in the state, which might have led to their larger representation among the Scheduled Tribes.

Other Scheduled Tribes in Uttar Pradesh

- **Buksa:** Buksa tribe is another Scheduled Tribe in Uttar Pradesh, but it has a lower percentage compared to the Tharu tribe.
- **Raji:** Raji tribe is also a Scheduled Tribe in the state, but it is not as prominent in terms of population or representation.
- **Bhotia:** Bhotia tribe is part of the Scheduled Tribes in Uttar Pradesh, but it is not as prevalent as the Tharu tribe.

In conclusion, the Tharu tribe constitutes the highest percentage among the five Scheduled Tribes in Uttar Pradesh due to factors like population, geographical distribution, and cultural significance.

Understanding Birha: The Folk Music of Eastern Uttar Pradesh
Birha is a poignant folk music genre originating from eastern Uttar Pradesh, characterized by its deep emotional expressions, particularly focusing on themes of separation and longing.
Separation of Wives from Their Husbands
- The primary theme of Birha revolves around the heart-wrenching feelings of separation experienced by wives when their husbands are away, either due to migration for work or other circumstances.
- The songs often depict the pain and sorrow associated with this separation, highlighting the emotional turmoil faced by women in rural settings.
Emotional Depth and Cultural Significance
- Birha serves as a medium for women to express their grief, loneliness, and yearning, making it a powerful form of storytelling within the community.
- The lyrics are often infused with vivid imagery and relatable experiences, allowing listeners to connect deeply with the sentiments expressed.
Musical Characteristics
- The music typically features a simple yet evocative melody, which complements the emotional content of the songs, making it accessible to a wide audience.
- Performances often take place during social gatherings, where the communal aspect of singing together helps to alleviate some of the sorrow depicted in the lyrics.
Conclusion
In summary, Birha is not just a form of entertainment but a significant cultural expression that highlights the struggles of women dealing with separation from their husbands. Its themes of longing and emotional depth resonate widely, making it a vital aspect of the folk tradition in eastern Uttar Pradesh.

The text mentions that Uttar Pradesh's infant mortality rate is comparable to that of strife-torn African nations, highlighting the serious healthcare challenges faced by the state.

Bateshwar Fair near Agra is named after the presiding deity Bateshwar Mahadeo. The fair is notable for its 108 temples dedicated to various gods and features a livestock exhibition, adding a unique dimension to the religious festivities.

Lal Bahadur Shastri, born in Allahabad, served as the second Prime Minister of India. He actively participated in the Indian independence movement and played a crucial role during the Indo-Pakistan war, emphasizing the principles of ahimsa (non-violence).

Abhinn Shyam Gupta received the Arjuna Award for his contribution to Indian badminton.

Cities like Khurja, Chunar, Rampur, and Nizamabad in Uttar Pradesh are notable for their diverse pottery styles, patterns, and colors. Red Pottery is one of the unique pottery styles associated with these regions, producing handmade pots adorned with vibrant floral designs.

Abdul Hamid was awarded the Param Vir Chakra for his actions during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. He displayed remarkable courage in the face of the enemy, earning India's highest military decoration.

Suresh Raina, a cricketer from Uttar Pradesh, is highlighted as a symbol of hard work and conviction. His contributions to Indian cricket have made him an inspiring figure for aspiring athletes.

Varanasi has a significant role in the development of ancient Sanskrit Hindu epics and Puranas. It has been a major center for the production of these literary works, drawing scholars to engage in debates and discussions on philosophical subjects.

Irfan Habib, a prominent historian, was awarded the Padma Bhushan for his valuable contributions to the field of history, recognizing his scholarly achievements.

Kathak, the renowned classical dance form native to Uttar Pradesh, evolved during the Mughal era in the royal courts of Awadh. It has been preserved over centuries and has famous exponents like Birju Maharaj.

Braj Bhasha is considered the language of Lord Krishna and is recognized for its sweetness and lyrical qualities. It has cultural and religious significance in the regions surrounding Mathura and Vrindavan, contributing to the artistic and spiritual heritage.

Swami Haridas was a maestro in Hindustani Classical Music, and his mastery gained global acclaim. He played a crucial role in shaping the musical traditions of the region and influenced prominent musicians like Mian Tansen.

Kathak, a classical dance form in Uttar Pradesh, stands out as one of India's most renowned. It has transitioned from elite circles, such as the Mughal courts, to a wider audience, becoming a celebrated and popular classical dance form.

The tribal dance form "Karma" is particularly associated with the Gondwana region, encompassing areas in Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Gondwana, and Jharkhand. It holds cultural significance in these tribal communities.

The Taj Mahotsav in Agra is a ten-day cultural festival starting on February 18th. The festival showcases arts, crafts, and various cultural performances, including folk music, poetry, classical dances, and a food festival. It serves as a platform to celebrate the rich heritage of India.

Awadhi, a vibrant blend of Urdu and Khadi Boli, serves as the lingua franca for the rural population in Oudh. Its linguistic roots are traced back to influential Sufi poets like Amir Khusrau, reflecting the historical and cultural evolution of the language.

Ras-lila is the folk dance of Uttar Pradesh that portrays the love between Lord Krishna and Radha. This amorous dance is performed to depict the divine and romantic relationship between the two iconic figures, often enacted during social and religious occasions.

Lucknow, in Uttar Pradesh, is recognized as the "capital of Essence." It is known for producing long-lasting fragrances, commonly known as ittar (perfume), since the Mughal period. Fragrances like jasmine, Heena, rose, and khus are popular, and aromatic oils, herbs, sandal, musk, and various flower and leaf fragrances contribute to the unique scents.

Firozabad, Varanasi, and Saharanpur are recognized for their exceptional glass-oriented handicrafts in Uttar Pradesh. Molded glassware, including colorful glass bangles, chandeliers, jewelry, decanters, cutlery sets, and trinkets, showcases the artistic prowess of the region. Firozabad, in particular, is celebrated as the "city of bangles," producing world-famous glass beads.

The digital initiative allowing online viewing of all Revenue plots and obtaining a digitally signed copy of Records of Rights (RoR) is called "Bhulekh" under the Digital Land Management System in Uttar Pradesh.

The correct answer is A, 4,13,57,608. This question tests knowledge of the overall population distribution in Uttar Pradesh beyond the Scheduled Tribes.

The Sankat Mochan Music Festival is celebrated at the Sankat Mochan temple in Varanasi to honor the birth of Hanuman. Renowned Indian maestros showcase classical music performances during the Sankat Mochan Sangeet Samaroh, adding a cultural dimension to the festival.

The goal of universal enrollment, universal retention, and quality education for elementary education in Uttar Pradesh is emphasized under the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) scheme. It focuses on developing additional physical facilities and opening new schools to ensure education for all.

Amitabh Bachchan, the legendary Indian film actor, was awarded the Padma Vibhushan in 2015 and received France's highest civilian honor, the Knight of the Legion of Honour.

Gautam Budhh Nagar has the highest literacy rate in Uttar Pradesh, with a rate of 80.12%. This district, along with others mentioned, contributes to the overall improvement in the literacy rate of the state.

The text mentions that despite the historical success of Hockey in Uttar Pradesh, Cricket is considered the most famous sport in the region. The mass popularity and notable influencers of Cricket contribute to its status as the preferred choice for aspiring youth in sports.

The educational board commonly referred to as U.P. board in Uttar Pradesh is the Uttar Pradesh Madhyamik Shiksha Parishad. It is a state-level board responsible for affiliating and conducting examinations for schools in the state.

The correct answer is B, 88.8%. The majority of the tribal population, as stated in the text, lives in villages. Understanding the settlement patterns of these communities is vital in sociodemographic studies.

Lathmar Holi is a unique traditional festivity held in Barsana near Mathura, and it precedes the main Holi celebration. During this event, women playfully beat men with sticks (lathis), adding a colorful and lively spectacle to the festivities. It is a prelude to the joyous and widely celebrated Holi festival.

Braj Bhasha is the language associated with Lord Krishna and is predominantly spoken in the areas surrounding Mathura and Vrindavan. Recognized for its sweetness and lyrical qualities, Braj Bhasha holds cultural significance in these regions, contributing to the religious and artistic heritage.

Varanasi Brocade sarees, also known as Varanasi Silk, are notable for their intricate designs created with gold and silver threads. Benarasi sarees, a subset of Varanasi Brocade, are particularly significant in Indian marriages due to their royal appearance and elaborate patterns, often showcasing floral motifs.

Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru is often referred to as the "Architect of Modern India" due to his instrumental role in shaping the country's political, social, and economic landscape as its first Prime Minister.

Mohammad Amir Khan, the Indian field hockey player, represents Uttar Pradesh in international competitions.

Captain Manoj Kumar Pandey, an officer of 1/11 Gorkha Rifles, earned the title "Hero of Batalik" for his audacious courage and leadership during adverse times in the Kargil War, ultimately receiving the Param Vir Chakra posthumously.

The text specifies that the Buddh International Circuit in Uttar Pradesh is 5.14 kilometers long. This information highlights the dimensions of the circuit where the Grand Prix race was inaugurated.

Yogiraj Bharat Bhushan, born in Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, was a prominent Indian yogi honored with the Padma Shri in 1991 for his significant contributions to yoga, emphasizing its importance in literature and education.

Yogendra Singh Yadav, a soldier and Junior Commissioned Officer (JCO) in the Indian Army, received the Param Vir Chakra at the age of 19 for his actions during the Kargil War, making him the youngest recipient.

Bekal Utsahi, a poet, writer, and politician, received several national awards, including the Padma Shri and Yash Bharti for his significant contributions.

The Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology (RGIPT) in Uttar Pradesh has been accorded "Institute of National Importance" status. It is co-promoted as an energy domain specific institute by six oil public sector units in association with the Oil Industry Development Board.