All questions of Modern History for HPSC (Haryana) Exam

1886; Lala Lajpat Rai

The correct answer is option 'A', which states that the Congress session held in Rohtak was in 1886, and it was chaired by Lala Lajpat Rai.

The Congress session in Rohtak played a significant role in the Indian Independence Movement and was an important milestone in the history of the Indian National Congress.

Here is a detailed explanation of the answer:

1. Introduction
- The question asks about the Congress session held in Rohtak and the Chairperson during that session.
- The correct answer is option 'A' - 1886; Lala Lajpat Rai.

2. Congress Session in Rohtak
- The Congress session in Rohtak was a crucial event in the Indian National Congress' history.
- It took place in 1886, marking an important phase in the freedom struggle.

3. Lala Lajpat Rai
- Lala Lajpat Rai, also known as Punjab Kesari (Lion of Punjab), was a prominent figure in the Indian Independence Movement.
- He was born on January 28, 1865, in Punjab, and was actively involved in various nationalist activities.
- Lajpat Rai was a strong advocate of Swadeshi movement and played a crucial role in the freedom struggle.

4. Significance of the Congress Session in Rohtak
- The Congress session in Rohtak provided a platform for Indian leaders to discuss and debate various issues related to the freedom struggle.
- It served as a means to unite different factions within the Indian National Congress and strengthen the movement.

5. Role of Lala Lajpat Rai as Chairperson
- Lala Lajpat Rai was chosen as the Chairperson of the Congress session held in Rohtak in 1886.
- As the Chairperson, he presided over the session, ensuring smooth conduct and providing leadership.

6. Conclusion
- The Congress session held in Rohtak in 1886 and chaired by Lala Lajpat Rai played a significant role in the Indian Independence Movement.
- It provided a platform for leaders to discuss and strategize, contributing to the strengthening of the freedom struggle.

British commanders sent to bring Haryana "under control" after recapturing Delhi were Colonel Gerrard and Lieutenant W.S.R. Hodson.

Explanation:

The British East India Company, during the Indian Rebellion of 1857, faced significant resistance from various regions, including Haryana. After recapturing Delhi, the British wanted to bring Haryana under their control to suppress any further rebellion and establish their authority.

Colonel Gerrard:
- Colonel Gerrard was a British officer who played a crucial role in the British military campaign in Haryana.
- He was known for his military tactics and leadership skills, which made him an ideal choice for this mission.
- Gerrard was entrusted with the responsibility of leading the British forces into Haryana and subduing any resistance they encountered.

Lieutenant W.S.R. Hodson:
- Lieutenant W.S.R. Hodson was another important British officer involved in bringing Haryana under control.
- He was known for his bravery and ruthless approach in dealing with the rebels.
- Hodson had a reputation for using force and intimidation to assert British authority, which made him an effective tool for the British in suppressing the rebellion in Haryana.

Role of Colonel Gerrard and Lieutenant W.S.R. Hodson:
- Colonel Gerrard and Lieutenant W.S.R. Hodson were sent to Haryana to establish British control and suppress any remaining rebellion.
- They led British forces and employed various military strategies to ensure their objectives were met.
- Their presence and actions were intended to intimidate the local population and discourage any further resistance against British rule.
- They engaged in military campaigns, captured rebel leaders, and implemented strict measures to maintain law and order in the region.

In conclusion, after recapturing Delhi, Colonel Gerrard and Lieutenant W.S.R. Hodson were sent to bring Haryana under control. Their mission included establishing British authority, suppressing rebellion, and maintaining law and order in the region. Their presence and actions played a significant role in subduing resistance and solidifying British control over Haryana.

Pt. Nekiram Sharma is credited with spreading the Home Rule Movement in Haryana. Bal Gangadhar Tilak was barred from entering Haryana by British authorities.

Sardar Jhanda Singh led the protest against the Rowlatt Act in Ambala. On April 14, 1919, revolutionaries set fire to the store of 1/34 Sikh Pioneer Regiment of Ambala Cantonment.

Shriram Sharma founded Haryana Tilak. After the death of Chittaranjan Das on June 16, 1925, the Swaraj Party began to disintegrate.

The Quit India Movement was announced on August 8, 1942. Prominent agitators in the Haryana Province during this movement included Mangeram Vats, Sheeshpal Singh, Vaidya Lekhram Singh, Radhakrishna, Laxman Singh, and Ramkumar Vichhat.

The three representatives from Haryana in the Second Session of Congress in Calcutta in 1886 AD were Deen Dayal Sharma, Babu Balmukund Gupt, and Lala Murlidhar.

The people of Haryana showcased their bravery in battles like Narnaul, Ballah (Panipat), and Mewat in 1857 through fierce fighting despite unfavorable circumstances.

The injury and subsequent death of Lala Lajpat Rai sparked more outrage in the Punjab-Haryana region during the Simon Commission protest.

Prominent leaders like Rao Tula Ram, Mohammad Azim, Gen. Abdus Samad Khan, Nawab Samad Khan, Ramo Jat, and Imam Qalandari played key roles in the uprising of 1857 in Haryana.

On May 29th, 1857, 12 Europeans, including Deputy Commissioner John Wedderburn, were executed in Hissar. The rebellion in Hissar, Hansi, and Sirsa was led by Lala Hukam Chand Jain.

Mahatma Gandhi initiated the Individual Satyagraha Movement on October 17, 1940. Rohtak district witnessed the highest number of arrests, 73, during this movement.

A significant act of non-violent rebellion during the Civil Disobedience Movement occurred at the Dharsana Salt Depot, led by Sarojini Naidu.

Local leaders Rao Tula Ram and Gopal Dev supported the rebellion in Ambala during the First War of Independence in 1857.

Lala Lajpat Rai led the first meeting related to the Non-Cooperation Movement in Panipat. The conference in Rohtak in 1920 resulted in the boycott of foreign goods.