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All questions of Analyzing the Rock and Fossil Records for Grade 8 Exam
Which of the following describes the rock cycle?- a) The formation of rocks from magma only
- b) The mining of minerals from rocks
- c) The breakdown of rocks into soil
- d) The continuous transformation of rocks from one type to another
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following describes the rock cycle?
a)
The formation of rocks from magma only
b)
The mining of minerals from rocks
c)
The breakdown of rocks into soil
d)
The continuous transformation of rocks from one type to another
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
The rock cycle illustrates the continuous process through which rocks change from one type to another over time, including igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic forms, driven by geological processes.
Which type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten magma?- a) Igneous Rock
- b) Fossil Rock
- c) Metamorphic Rock
- d) Sedimentary Rock
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten magma?
a)
Igneous Rock
b)
Fossil Rock
c)
Metamorphic Rock
d)
Sedimentary Rock
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Igneous rocks are formed through the cooling and solidification of molten magma, either beneath the Earth's surface (intrusive) or on the surface (extrusive). They are the primary type of rock and serve as the foundation for other rock types.
Which of the following is an example of an intrusive igneous rock?- a) Basalt
- b) Pumice
- c) Granite
- d) Obsidian
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is an example of an intrusive igneous rock?
a)
Basalt
b)
Pumice
c)
Granite
d)
Obsidian
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Granite is an example of an intrusive igneous rock, formed from magma that cools slowly beneath the Earth's surface, resulting in large crystals. In contrast, basalt is an extrusive igneous rock that cools quickly on the surface.
Why are fossils important to scientists?- a)To understand the history of life on Earth
- b)To predict future weather patterns
- c)To study modern technology
- d)To explore underwater caves
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
To understand the history of life on Earth
b)
To predict future weather patterns
c)
To study modern technology
d)
To explore underwater caves
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Fossils help scientists understand the history and evolution of life on Earth.
How do scientists determine the age of fossils?- a)By measuring the depth of the fossil
- b)By counting the number of minerals in the fossil
- c)By using radioactive dating methods
- d)By looking at the color of the fossil
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
By measuring the depth of the fossil
b)
By counting the number of minerals in the fossil
c)
By using radioactive dating methods
d)
By looking at the color of the fossil
|
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Scientists use radioactive dating methods to determine the age of fossils.
Which of the following is a characteristic of extrusive igneous rocks?- a) Formed underground
- b) High silica content
- c) Rapid cooling
- d) Coarse-grained texture
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is a characteristic of extrusive igneous rocks?
a)
Formed underground
b)
High silica content
c)
Rapid cooling
d)
Coarse-grained texture
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|
Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Extrusive igneous rocks cool rapidly on the Earth's surface, resulting in a fine-grained texture. An example is basalt, which is commonly found in volcanic areas.
What term describes the process of high pressure and temperature transforming existing rocks into metamorphic rocks?- a) Crystallization
- b) Lithification
- c) Metamorphism
- d) Erosion
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
What term describes the process of high pressure and temperature transforming existing rocks into metamorphic rocks?
a)
Crystallization
b)
Lithification
c)
Metamorphism
d)
Erosion
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|
Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Metamorphism is the process that alters the mineral composition and structure of existing rocks due to high pressure and temperature, resulting in the formation of metamorphic rocks.
Which scientist is famous for studying fossils to understand evolution?- a)Isaac Newton
- b)Charles Darwin
- c)Albert Einstein
- d)Galileo Galilei
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Isaac Newton
b)
Charles Darwin
c)
Albert Einstein
d)
Galileo Galilei
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Charles Darwin studied fossils as evidence for his theory of evolution by natural selection.
What can fossilized plants tell us about the past?- a)The temperature of ancient oceans
- b)The types of plants that lived long ago
- c)The speed of ancient rivers
- d)The size of modern mountains
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
The temperature of ancient oceans
b)
The types of plants that lived long ago
c)
The speed of ancient rivers
d)
The size of modern mountains
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Fossilized plants can tell us about the types of plants that existed in different geological periods.
What type of rock is formed from the accumulation of marine organisms' remains?- a) Volcanic Rock
- b) Sedimentary Rock
- c) Igneous Rock
- d) Metamorphic Rock
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
What type of rock is formed from the accumulation of marine organisms' remains?
a)
Volcanic Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Igneous Rock
d)
Metamorphic Rock
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|
Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Sedimentary rocks, such as limestone, are formed from the accumulation of the remains of marine organisms, including shells and skeletons, over time. This process highlights the importance of biological activity in rock formation.
What is the process called when sediments are bound together to form sedimentary rock?- a) Erosion
- b) Metamorphism
- c) Weathering
- d) Lithification
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
What is the process called when sediments are bound together to form sedimentary rock?
a)
Erosion
b)
Metamorphism
c)
Weathering
d)
Lithification
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|
Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Lithification is the process of compacting and cementing loose sediments to form solid sedimentary rocks. It involves both compaction under pressure and the binding of particles together by natural cements.
Which of the following types of rocks is most likely to contain fossils?- a) Volcanic Rock
- b) Igneous Rock
- c) Metamorphic Rock
- d) Sedimentary Rock
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following types of rocks is most likely to contain fossils?
a)
Volcanic Rock
b)
Igneous Rock
c)
Metamorphic Rock
d)
Sedimentary Rock
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|
Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Sedimentary rocks are most likely to contain fossils, as they are formed from the accumulation of sediments, including organic remains, which can be preserved over time. Fossils provide valuable insights into the history of life on Earth.
What distinguishes rocks from minerals?- a) Rocks are always crystalline, while minerals are not.
- b) Rocks are organic, while minerals are inorganic.
- c) Rocks have a definite chemical composition, while minerals do not.
- d) Rocks may consist of multiple minerals, while minerals consist of a single chemical compound.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
What distinguishes rocks from minerals?
a)
Rocks are always crystalline, while minerals are not.
b)
Rocks are organic, while minerals are inorganic.
c)
Rocks have a definite chemical composition, while minerals do not.
d)
Rocks may consist of multiple minerals, while minerals consist of a single chemical compound.
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Rocks are composed of one or more minerals and do not have a definite chemical composition, whereas minerals have a specific chemical structure and composition. This distinction is fundamental in geology.
What type of metamorphism occurs due to extreme heat from nearby magma?- a) Thermal Metamorphism
- b) Dynamic Metamorphism
- c) Contact Metamorphism
- d) Regional Metamorphism
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
What type of metamorphism occurs due to extreme heat from nearby magma?
a)
Thermal Metamorphism
b)
Dynamic Metamorphism
c)
Contact Metamorphism
d)
Regional Metamorphism
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Thermal metamorphism occurs when rocks are subjected to extreme heat from magma or lava, leading to changes in mineral composition and texture. This type of metamorphism typically affects rocks in close proximity to igneous intrusions.
Which of the following is NOT a type of igneous rock?- a) Pumice
- b) Basalt
- c) Granite
- d) Gneiss
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is NOT a type of igneous rock?
a)
Pumice
b)
Basalt
c)
Granite
d)
Gneiss
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|
Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Gneiss is a metamorphic rock, whereas basalt, granite, and pumice are types of igneous rocks. Understanding the classification of rocks helps in identifying their origins and characteristics.
Which metamorphic rock is formed from the transformation of limestone?- a) Slate
- b) Marble
- c) Gneiss
- d) Quartzite
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which metamorphic rock is formed from the transformation of limestone?
a)
Slate
b)
Marble
c)
Gneiss
d)
Quartzite
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|
Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Marble is formed from the metamorphism of limestone under high temperatures and pressures. This process alters the mineral structure, resulting in a rock that is often used in sculptures and buildings due to its aesthetic qualities.
How do mechanical metamorphism and chemical metamorphism differ?- a) Mechanical metamorphism results in new minerals; chemical metamorphism does not.
- b) Mechanical metamorphism occurs under high temperature; chemical metamorphism does not.
- c) Mechanical metamorphism changes the rock's texture; chemical metamorphism involves mineral changes.
- d) Mechanical metamorphism is faster than chemical metamorphism.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
How do mechanical metamorphism and chemical metamorphism differ?
a)
Mechanical metamorphism results in new minerals; chemical metamorphism does not.
b)
Mechanical metamorphism occurs under high temperature; chemical metamorphism does not.
c)
Mechanical metamorphism changes the rock's texture; chemical metamorphism involves mineral changes.
d)
Mechanical metamorphism is faster than chemical metamorphism.
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Mechanical metamorphism primarily changes the texture of rocks through physical processes such as crushing, while chemical metamorphism involves chemical reactions that change the mineral composition of the rocks.
Which type of rock primarily covers the Earth's surface?- a) Metamorphic Rock
- b) Sedimentary Rock
- c) Igneous Rock
- d) Volcanic Rock
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which type of rock primarily covers the Earth's surface?
a)
Metamorphic Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Igneous Rock
d)
Volcanic Rock
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|
Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Sedimentary rocks cover approximately 75% of the Earth's surface. They form from the accumulation of sediments and are often layered, providing insights into the Earth's history.
Which mineral is commonly found in granite?- a) Quartz
- b) Mica
- c) Feldspar
- d) Calcite
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which mineral is commonly found in granite?
a)
Quartz
b)
Mica
c)
Feldspar
d)
Calcite
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|
Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Granite primarily consists of quartz, feldspar, and mica. Quartz is a major component, contributing to granite's durability and resistance to weathering.
How are fossils formed?- a)By volcanic eruptions
- b)By rapid cooling of lava
- c)By the gradual replacement of organic material with minerals
- d)By chemical reactions in the air
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
By volcanic eruptions
b)
By rapid cooling of lava
c)
By the gradual replacement of organic material with minerals
d)
By chemical reactions in the air
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Fossils are formed when organic materials are gradually replaced by minerals, preserving the shape of the original organism.
What can fossils tell us about the past?- a)The color of ancient rocks
- b)The climate and environments of the past
- c)The current weather conditions
- d)The size of modern animals
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
The color of ancient rocks
b)
The climate and environments of the past
c)
The current weather conditions
d)
The size of modern animals
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Fossils provide clues about past climates, environments, and the types of organisms that lived long ago.
What is a fossil?- a)A type of rock
- b)A preserved remains or trace of an organism
- c)A type of soil
- d)A type of dinosaur
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
A type of rock
b)
A preserved remains or trace of an organism
c)
A type of soil
d)
A type of dinosaur
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of organisms from the past.
How do fossils help us understand extinction events?- a)By predicting future extinction events
- b)By studying layers of ancient rocks
- c)By analyzing fossilized remains of extinct species
- d)By exploring underwater volcanoes
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
By predicting future extinction events
b)
By studying layers of ancient rocks
c)
By analyzing fossilized remains of extinct species
d)
By exploring underwater volcanoes
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Fossils of extinct species help scientists understand past extinction events and their causes.
What do fossil footprints tell us?- a)The size of ancient animals
- b)The shape of ancient rocks
- c)The color of ancient oceans
- d)The speed of ancient birds
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
The size of ancient animals
b)
The shape of ancient rocks
c)
The color of ancient oceans
d)
The speed of ancient birds
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Fossil footprints can tell us about the size and behavior of ancient animals that left them behind.
Which type of fossil is a mold?- a)A preserved bone
- b)A fossilized footprint
- c)A hollow space in rock
- d)A fossilized insect
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
A preserved bone
b)
A fossilized footprint
c)
A hollow space in rock
d)
A fossilized insect
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
A mold fossil forms when an organism's remains leave a hollow space in rock.
What process transforms sediment into sedimentary rock?- a) Metamorphism
- b) Lithification
- c) Crystallization
- d) Erosion
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
What process transforms sediment into sedimentary rock?
a)
Metamorphism
b)
Lithification
c)
Crystallization
d)
Erosion
|
|
Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Lithification is the process by which loose sediments are compacted and cemented to form solid sedimentary rock. This process can occur through compaction and cementation, turning loose particles into a cohesive mass.
Which type of rock can form through evaporation?- a) Fossil Rock
- b) Sedimentary Rock
- c) Igneous Rock
- d) Metamorphic Rock
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which type of rock can form through evaporation?
a)
Fossil Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Igneous Rock
d)
Metamorphic Rock
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Sedimentary rocks can form through evaporation, leading to the deposition of minerals as water evaporates, which can result in rocks like rock salt or gypsum.
What role do rocks play in soil formation?- a) They contribute to the mineral content through weathering.
- b) They are not involved in soil formation.
- c) They provide nutrients through erosion.
- d) They decompose into organic matter.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
What role do rocks play in soil formation?
a)
They contribute to the mineral content through weathering.
b)
They are not involved in soil formation.
c)
They provide nutrients through erosion.
d)
They decompose into organic matter.
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Rocks contribute to soil formation by undergoing weathering processes that break them down into smaller particles, enriching the soil with minerals essential for plant growth.
What is the primary agent of erosion that shapes sedimentary rocks?- a) Wind
- b) Ice
- c) Water
- d) Temperature changes
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
What is the primary agent of erosion that shapes sedimentary rocks?
a)
Wind
b)
Ice
c)
Water
d)
Temperature changes
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Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Water is the primary agent of erosion that transports and deposits sediments, which are then compacted and cemented to form sedimentary rocks. This process is pivotal in shaping the Earth's surface.
Which type of sedimentary rock is formed from the remains of plants and animals?- a) Organically Formed Rock
- b) Mechanically Formed Rock
- c) Chemically Formed Rock
- d) Clastic Rock
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which type of sedimentary rock is formed from the remains of plants and animals?
a)
Organically Formed Rock
b)
Mechanically Formed Rock
c)
Chemically Formed Rock
d)
Clastic Rock
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|
Nclex Coaching Centre answered |
Organically formed rocks, such as limestone, are created from the compression of plant and animal remains over geological time. This type of sedimentary rock is significant for understanding past life on Earth.
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