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All questions of Cloze Passage for EmSAT Achieve Exam

Lactic acid is formed by the process of
a)Kreb’s cycle
b)Incomplete oxidation
c)Fermentation 
d)Glycolysis
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Shail Roy answered
Lactic acid is formed by the process of incomplete oxidation.

Explanation:
Lactic acid is a type of organic acid that is produced in the body during certain metabolic processes. It is formed when glucose is metabolized in the absence of oxygen, a process called anaerobic glycolysis. Here is a detailed explanation of the process:

1. Glycolysis:
Glycolysis is the initial step in the breakdown of glucose, which occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. During glycolysis, one molecule of glucose is converted into two molecules of pyruvate. This process yields a small amount of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is a source of energy for cells.

2. Aerobic Respiration:
Under normal aerobic conditions, pyruvate is further oxidized in the mitochondria through a series of reactions called the Krebs cycle or the citric acid cycle. This process generates a large amount of ATP and carbon dioxide as byproducts.

3. Anaerobic Respiration:
In the absence of oxygen, pyruvate cannot enter the Krebs cycle. Instead, it undergoes a process called fermentation. There are two types of fermentation: alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation.

4. Lactic Acid Fermentation:
During lactic acid fermentation, pyruvate is converted into lactic acid. This process occurs in various tissues such as muscle cells when the demand for energy exceeds the oxygen supply (e.g., during intense exercise). The conversion of pyruvate into lactic acid regenerates NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), which is necessary for glycolysis to continue. However, lactic acid fermentation is an inefficient process, as it only produces a small amount of ATP compared to aerobic respiration.

Conclusion:
In summary, lactic acid is formed by the process of incomplete oxidation, specifically during lactic acid fermentation. This process occurs when glucose is metabolized in the absence of oxygen, leading to the production of lactic acid as a byproduct.

Today most businessmen are very worried. To begin with, they are not used to competition.In the past they sold whatever ...(1)... produced at whatever prices they chose. But ...(2)... increasing competition, customers began to ...(3)... and choose. Imports suddenly became ...(4)... available and that too at cheaper ...(5)...
 
What will come in Option Three?
  • a)
    buy
  • b)
    take
  • c)
    pic
  • d)
    want
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation:

The missing word in the sentence is related to customers making choices. Let's look at the options:

a) buy - This option is not suitable as it does not fit the context of the sentence. The sentence is talking about customers choosing between different options, not buying something specific.

b) take - This option is not suitable as well. The sentence is not talking about customers taking anything, but about them making choices.

c) pick - This option is the correct answer. The sentence is talking about customers picking or choosing between different options. This is the most appropriate word to use in this context.

d) want - This option is also not suitable. The sentence is not talking about customers wanting anything, but about them making choices based on available options.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 'C' - pick.

Today most businessmen are very worried. To begin with, they are not used to competition.In the past they sold whatever ...(1)... produced at whatever prices they chose. But ...(2)... increasing competition, customers began to ...(3)... and choose. Imports suddenly became ...(4)... available and that too at cheaper ...(5)...
 
What will come in Option Five?
  • a)
    costs
  • b)
    returns
  • c)
    dividend
  • d)
    prices
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Anand Chavan answered
Explaining the Correct Answer:

Competition has affected businessmen in various ways. In the given paragraph, it is mentioned that businessmen in the past were not used to competition and they sold whatever they produced at whatever prices they chose. But with increasing competition, customers began to have a choice in what they bought. This led to the availability of imports at cheaper prices. Therefore, the correct answer is option 'D' which is prices.

Reasoning for Each Option:

a) Costs - While competition can impact the costs for businesses, it is not the most relevant option in the given context. The paragraph talks about the availability of cheaper imports and not necessarily about the cost of production for businesses.

b) Returns - Returns refer to the profit earned by businesses. While competition can impact the returns for businesses, the paragraph does not mention anything about it.

c) Dividend - Dividend refers to the distribution of profits to shareholders. This option is not relevant in the given context.

d) Prices - The availability of cheaper imports implies that the prices of products have been impacted by competition. Therefore, this is the correct option.

In conclusion, the correct answer is option 'D' which is prices.

Directions: In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which have been numbered. These numbers correspond to the question numbers; against each question, five words have been suggested, one of which fills the blanks appropriately.
India’s ‘water crisis’ took over social media recently. Usually, a delayed monsoon or a drought,
__A__
with compelling images of parched lands and queues for water in urban areas raise an alarm in the minds of the public. Similarly, episodes of inter-State river water disputes catch public attention.
__B__
, this time, it was somewhat different. Videos and news reports claiming that Indian cities are running out of groundwater went viral. These news items could not have gained the traction but for the fact that they
__C__
on a 2018 report of India’s own Niti Aayog, which was titled ‘Composite Water Management Index: A tool for water management.’

The Niti Aayog’s projection was only a means to an end goal: leveraging some
__D__
from the Indian States. The report’s central goal was to propose a tool, an index, to monitor the States’ water resource management strategies and provide the necessary course-shift, beyond supply augmentation approaches. The report may have had a lofty goal of promoting ‘cooperative and competitive federalism’ but was, in reality, a desperate move to engage with the States, in the absence of any
__E__
leverage to influence their approaches to water resources management. This also
__F__
that the fulcrum of any course correction lies with States.

Yet, what
__G__
us is the question: Just how did such ‘zombie statistics’ gain traction? This is disturbing as it shows there is an absence of
__H__
engagement or institutional accountability. India needs to reconsider the institutional processes for dissemination of knowledge
__I__
water resource management. There is a certain amount of danger inherent in the casual manner
__J__
which knowledge about water resources is legitimised and consumed, particularly in these days of ‘viral’ information.
A
  • a)
    Combined
  • b)
    Along
  • c)
    With
  • d)
    Multiplied
  • e)
    Exacted
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Shraddha Mehta answered
Explanation:

Understanding the Context:
The passage discusses India's water crisis, particularly focusing on a recent social media buzz around the issue. It mentions the importance of a 2018 report by India's Niti Aayog on water management.

Analysis of the Options:
- a) Combined: This option fits well in the context of the sentence. It suggests that a delayed monsoon or drought, combined with compelling images, raise an alarm.
- b) Along: This option does not convey the intended meaning in this context.
- c) With: While this option is grammatically correct, "combined" fits better in the context of the sentence.
- d) Multiplied: This option does not make sense in the context of the sentence.
- e) Exacted: This option does not make sense in the context of the sentence.

Conclusion:
The correct answer is option a) Combined. This choice fits the context of the sentence by indicating that a delayed monsoon or drought, combined with compelling images, raises an alarm in the minds of the public.

Directions: In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which have been numbered. These numbers correspond to the question numbers; against each question, five words have been suggested, one of which fills the blanks appropriately.
India’s ‘water crisis’ took over social media recently. Usually, a delayed monsoon or a drought,
__A__
with compelling images of parched lands and queues for water in urban areas raise an alarm in the minds of the public. Similarly, episodes of inter-State river water disputes catch public attention.
__B__
, this time, it was somewhat different. Videos and news reports claiming that Indian cities are running out of groundwater went viral. These news items could not have gained the traction but for the fact that they
__C__
on a 2018 report of India’s own Niti Aayog, which was titled ‘Composite Water Management Index: A tool for water management.’

The Niti Aayog’s projection was only a means to an end goal: leveraging some
__D__
from the Indian States. The report’s central goal was to propose a tool, an index, to monitor the States’ water resource management strategies and provide the necessary course-shift, beyond supply augmentation approaches. The report may have had a lofty goal of promoting ‘cooperative and competitive federalism’ but was, in reality, a desperate move to engage with the States, in the absence of any
__E__
leverage to influence their approaches to water resources management. This also
__F__
that the fulcrum of any course correction lies with States.

Yet, what
__G__
us is the question: Just how did such ‘zombie statistics’ gain traction? This is disturbing as it shows there is an absence of
__H__
engagement or institutional accountability. India needs to reconsider the institutional processes for dissemination of knowledge
__I__
water resource management. There is a certain amount of danger inherent in the casual manner
__J__
which knowledge about water resources is legitimised and consumed, particularly in these days of ‘viral’ information.
B
  • a)
    Also
  • b)
    Similarly
  • c)
    However
  • d)
    Mostly
  • e)
    Notwithstanding
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Understanding the Context
The passage discusses India's water crisis, highlighting how different factors, including public perception and media portrayal, influence the narrative around water scarcity.
Analyzing the Options for Blank C
The sentence in blank C focuses on how viral news regarding groundwater shortages is linked to a prior report by Niti Aayog. The chosen option must indicate the relationship between the viral news and the report.
Examining the Options
- a) Also: Implies addition but doesn't connect the viral news to the report effectively.
- b) Similarly: Suggests a parallel but lacks the necessary cause-and-effect relationship.
- c) However: Indicates a contrast, which fits well as it signals a deviation from typical water crisis narratives.
- d) Mostly: Doesn't establish a strong connection between the viral news and its basis in the report.
- e) Notwithstanding: Conveys contradiction but lacks clarity in linking the viral reports to the Niti Aayog study.
Justification for Option C: "However"
- Contrast Established: The use of "however" highlights that while the public is usually alarmed by traditional issues (like droughts), this instance is different because it is anchored in documented statistics from a credible source (the Niti Aayog report).
- Critical Shift: It indicates a shift from expected media narratives to a more complex, data-driven discourse, emphasizing why this particular claim gained traction.
Conclusion
Thus, option 'C' effectively captures the essence of the connection between the viral claims and the 2018 report, making it the most appropriate choice for filling in the blank.

Directions: In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which have been numbered. These numbers correspond to the question numbers; against each question, five words have been suggested, one of which fills the blanks appropriately.
India’s ‘water crisis’ took over social media recently. Usually, a delayed monsoon or a drought,
__A__
with compelling images of parched lands and queues for water in urban areas raise an alarm in the minds of the public. Similarly, episodes of inter-State river water disputes catch public attention.
__B__
, this time, it was somewhat different. Videos and news reports claiming that Indian cities are running out of groundwater went viral. These news items could not have gained the traction but for the fact that they
__C__
on a 2018 report of India’s own Niti Aayog, which was titled ‘Composite Water Management Index: A tool for water management.’

The Niti Aayog’s projection was only a means to an end goal: leveraging some
__D__
from the Indian States. The report’s central goal was to propose a tool, an index, to monitor the States’ water resource management strategies and provide the necessary course-shift, beyond supply augmentation approaches. The report may have had a lofty goal of promoting ‘cooperative and competitive federalism’ but was, in reality, a desperate move to engage with the States, in the absence of any
__E__
leverage to influence their approaches to water resources management. This also
__F__
that the fulcrum of any course correction lies with States.

Yet, what
__G__
us is the question: Just how did such ‘zombie statistics’ gain traction? This is disturbing as it shows there is an absence of
__H__
engagement or institutional accountability. India needs to reconsider the institutional processes for dissemination of knowledge
__I__
water resource management. There is a certain amount of danger inherent in the casual manner
__J__
which knowledge about water resources is legitimised and consumed, particularly in these days of ‘viral’ information.
D
  • a)
    Drama
  • b)
    Action
  • c)
    Process
  • d)
    Smooth
  • e)
    Working
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The author clarifies on the NITI Aayog report stating it was more to get some action out of the states than an alarm bell. The correct word here is ‘action’.
Hence, Option B is correct.

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given besides.
Since the earliest times, humans have needed to be sensitive to their surroundings to ____ A ____ , which means that we have an ____ B ____ awareness of our environment and seek out environments with certain qualities.

First of all, humans have a strong need for safety and security and look for those attributes in their environment. We also look for physical ____ C ____ , such as an environment with the right temperature. In addition, we seek an environment that is psychologically comfortable: for example, environments that are familiar, but offer the right amount of stimulus.

Retailers and the hospitality industry know this very well and try to provide an atmosphere that creates a positive customer ____ D ____ and offers three important attributes: comfort, safety, and entertainment. These attributes are ____ E ____ important in healthcare as well.
E
  • a)
    accordingly
  • b)
    competitively
  • c)
    carefully
  • d)
    annually
  • e)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'E'. Can you explain this answer?

Arnab Kumar answered


Explanation:

Understanding the Question:
The question asks to choose the correct option that fits in the blank in the given sentence.

Analysis of the Sentence:
The sentence talks about humans needing to be sensitive to their surroundings for a specific purpose, which indicates that the blank should be filled with a word that aligns with this context.

Eliminating Options:
- Option A: "accordingly" does not fit the context of the sentence as it does not convey the intended meaning.
- Option B: "competitively" is not suitable in this context as it does not make sense within the sentence.
- Option C: "carefully" is a possible fit as humans being careful about their surroundings makes sense in the context provided.
- Option D: "annually" is irrelevant and does not make sense in the given sentence.
- Option E: "None of these" is the correct answer as none of the given options fit the context appropriately.

Conclusion:
The correct answer is option E, "None of these," as none of the provided options align with the context and intended meaning of the sentence. Humans need to be sensitive to their surroundings for various reasons, and the word "None of these" acknowledges this requirement.

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given besides.
Since the earliest times, humans have needed to be sensitive to their surroundings to ____ A ____ , which means that we have an ____ B ____ awareness of our environment and seek out environments with certain qualities.

First of all, humans have a strong need for safety and security and look for those attributes in their environment. We also look for physical ____ C ____ , such as an environment with the right temperature. In addition, we seek an environment that is psychologically comfortable: for example, environments that are familiar, but offer the right amount of stimulus.

Retailers and the hospitality industry know this very well and try to provide an atmosphere that creates a positive customer ____ D ____ and offers three important attributes: comfort, safety, and entertainment. These attributes are ____ E ____ important in healthcare as well.
C
  • a)
    strength
  • b)
    prowess
  • c)
    relations
  • d)
    comfort
  • e)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

None of the words ‘strength’, ‘prowess’ and ‘relations’ seems to fit in the context of the sentence.
Only the word ‘comfort’ goes well with the context and it is confirmed if we observe the next sentence
in the same paragraph;
In addition, we seek an environment that is psychologically comfortable: for example, environments
that are familiar, but offer the right amount of stimulus.
Hence, option D is the correct answer.

Directions: The passage given below contains some blanks wherein the words have been removed. Find the word from the given options that is suitable for each blank and mark that as your answer.
Plastic and other pieces of debris have ___ A ___ found in the deepest parts of the ocean, according to a new study. A single-use plastic bag was among the 3,500 fragments ___ B ___ at a depth of 11,000 metres. More than one third of what was found was macroplastic – visible pieces of plastic larger than 5mm. The research ___ C ___ the deepest evidence of the ocean’s pollution problem. "As the deep sea is likely to be the final destination of floating plastic debris, the frequent ___ D ___ and widespread distribution of plastic debris in the deep sea indicate that large numbers of plastic debris pieces are distributed ___ E ___ the water column and in the high seas," the researchers said.
D
  • a)
    occurrence
  • b)
    occurring
  • c)
    development
  • d)
    happen
  • e)
    eventuating
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Maya Kaur answered
Understanding the Context
In the passage, researchers discuss the presence of plastic debris in the ocean's depths. The sentence containing the blank labeled "D" refers to the frequency of plastic debris in the deep sea.
Analyzing the Options
- a) occurrence: This noun fits well because it refers to the frequency or rate at which something happens. In this context, "the frequent occurrence of plastic debris" makes logical sense.
- b) occurring: This is a present participle that suggests an ongoing action but doesn’t fit grammatically in the sentence structure.
- c) development: This noun implies growth or progress, which does not align with the intended meaning of frequency.
- d) happen: This verb is too informal and does not fit the context of discussing frequency.
- e) eventuating: This word means to come about or happen as a result of something, which is not applicable here.
Conclusion
Given these analyses, the correct answer is option 'A' (occurrence). It effectively conveys that plastic debris is not just present but is frequently found, thereby emphasizing the severity of pollution in the deep sea. The use of “occurrence” enhances the scientific tone of the study.

Directions: In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which have been numbered. These numbers correspond to the question numbers; against each question, five words have been suggested, one of which fills the blanks appropriately.
India’s ‘water crisis’ took over social media recently. Usually, a delayed monsoon or a drought,
__A__
with compelling images of parched lands and queues for water in urban areas raise an alarm in the minds of the public. Similarly, episodes of inter-State river water disputes catch public attention.
__B__
, this time, it was somewhat different. Videos and news reports claiming that Indian cities are running out of groundwater went viral. These news items could not have gained the traction but for the fact that they
__C__
on a 2018 report of India’s own Niti Aayog, which was titled ‘Composite Water Management Index: A tool for water management.’

The Niti Aayog’s projection was only a means to an end goal: leveraging some
__D__
from the Indian States. The report’s central goal was to propose a tool, an index, to monitor the States’ water resource management strategies and provide the necessary course-shift, beyond supply augmentation approaches. The report may have had a lofty goal of promoting ‘cooperative and competitive federalism’ but was, in reality, a desperate move to engage with the States, in the absence of any
__E__
leverage to influence their approaches to water resources management. This also
__F__
that the fulcrum of any course correction lies with States.

Yet, what
__G__
us is the question: Just how did such ‘zombie statistics’ gain traction? This is disturbing as it shows there is an absence of
__H__
engagement or institutional accountability. India needs to reconsider the institutional processes for dissemination of knowledge
__I__
water resource management. There is a certain amount of danger inherent in the casual manner
__J__
which knowledge about water resources is legitimised and consumed, particularly in these days of ‘viral’ information.
J
  • a)
    On
  • b)
    In
  • c)
    Into
  • d)
    Inside
  • e)
    Under
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The statement talks about the danger present in the way information is spread. We need a preposition here and hence, ‘in’ is correct.
Hence, option B is correct.

Directions: In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which have been numbered. These numbers correspond to the question numbers; against each question, five words have been suggested, one of which fills the blanks appropriately.
India’s ‘water crisis’ took over social media recently. Usually, a delayed monsoon or a drought,
__A__
with compelling images of parched lands and queues for water in urban areas raise an alarm in the minds of the public. Similarly, episodes of inter-State river water disputes catch public attention.
__B__
, this time, it was somewhat different. Videos and news reports claiming that Indian cities are running out of groundwater went viral. These news items could not have gained the traction but for the fact that they
__C__
on a 2018 report of India’s own Niti Aayog, which was titled ‘Composite Water Management Index: A tool for water management.’

The Niti Aayog’s projection was only a means to an end goal: leveraging some
__D__
from the Indian States. The report’s central goal was to propose a tool, an index, to monitor the States’ water resource management strategies and provide the necessary course-shift, beyond supply augmentation approaches. The report may have had a lofty goal of promoting ‘cooperative and competitive federalism’ but was, in reality, a desperate move to engage with the States, in the absence of any
__E__
leverage to influence their approaches to water resources management. This also
__F__
that the fulcrum of any course correction lies with States.

Yet, what
__G__
us is the question: Just how did such ‘zombie statistics’ gain traction? This is disturbing as it shows there is an absence of
__H__
engagement or institutional accountability. India needs to reconsider the institutional processes for dissemination of knowledge
__I__
water resource management. There is a certain amount of danger inherent in the casual manner
__J__
which knowledge about water resources is legitimised and consumed, particularly in these days of ‘viral’ information.
F
  • a)
    Referred
  • b)
    Results
  • c)
    Dominates
  • d)
    Highlighting
  • e)
    Underscored
Correct answer is option 'E'. Can you explain this answer?

The author tries to highlight that the onus of action lies on the states. Option D is incorrect grammatically.
Hence, option E is correct.

Directions: The passage given below contains some blanks wherein the words have been removed. Find the word from the given options that is suitable for each blank and mark that as your answer.
Plastic and other pieces of debris have ___ A ___ found in the deepest parts of the ocean, according to a new study. A single-use plastic bag was among the 3,500 fragments ___ B ___ at a depth of 11,000 metres. More than one third of what was found was macroplastic – visible pieces of plastic larger than 5mm. The research ___ C ___ the deepest evidence of the ocean’s pollution problem. "As the deep sea is likely to be the final destination of floating plastic debris, the frequent ___ D ___ and widespread distribution of plastic debris in the deep sea indicate that large numbers of plastic debris pieces are distributed ___ E ___ the water column and in the high seas," the researchers said.
B
  • a)
    extracted
  • b)
    sailing
  • c)
    discovered
  • d)
    surfaced
  • e)
    hidden
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Extract means 'to remove or to take out, especially by effort or force' and usage of its past participle is absurd here in the context.
Sail is generally used in the context of a ship or boat and usage of its present participle ' sailing' would be irrelevant in the context of the sentence.
Usage of the word surfaced will absolutely be illogical as the plastic and other debris were found in the depth of the ocean and not on its surface.
Clearly, discovered is the most suited word here for the blank.
Option C is hence the correct answer.

The principal advantage of having a clear cut objective of business is that it does not derail; the enterprise does not stray ...(1)... the direct route that it has set for ...(2)... Enterprises with well-defined objectives can conveniently undertake ...(3)... and follow long range development policies. Recognition of objectives ...(4)... the temptation to compromise long range ...(5)... for short term gains and improves coordination in work and consistency in policy.
 
What will come in Option Three?
  • a)
    production
  • b)
    research
  • c)
    audit
  • d)
    appraisal
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Amara Nair answered
Production - It is something enterprise do to make money.
Appraisal - Enterprise does an appraisal to celebrate or appreciate the work at end of work. (They call it Appraisal Cycle).
Research - It means they think and work on future plans and applies to the enterprise.
Audit - It is an inspection or observation of past performance (Generally finance).
So according to all definitions, answer is "production".
 

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given besides.
Since the earliest times, humans have needed to be sensitive to their surroundings to ____ A ____ , which means that we have an ____ B ____ awareness of our environment and seek out environments with certain qualities.

First of all, humans have a strong need for safety and security and look for those attributes in their environment. We also look for physical ____ C ____ , such as an environment with the right temperature. In addition, we seek an environment that is psychologically comfortable: for example, environments that are familiar, but offer the right amount of stimulus.

Retailers and the hospitality industry know this very well and try to provide an atmosphere that creates a positive customer ____ D ____ and offers three important attributes: comfort, safety, and entertainment. These attributes are ____ E ____ important in healthcare as well.
D
  • a)
    experience
  • b)
    feedback
  • c)
    grievance
  • d)
    cycle
  • e)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Arnab Kumar answered


Understanding the Answer:

Humans have needed to be sensitive to their surroundings to experience a positive customer experience, which means that we have an awareness of our environment and seek out environments with certain qualities.

Explanation:

Need for Safety and Security:
- Humans have a strong need for safety and security and look for those attributes in their environment.

Physical Comfort:
- Humans seek physical comfort in their environment, such as the right temperature.

Psychological Comfort:
- We also seek an environment that is psychologically comfortable, such as environments that are familiar but offer the right amount of stimulus.

Attributes in Retail and Hospitality:
- Retailers and the hospitality industry provide an atmosphere that creates a positive customer experience.
- They offer three important attributes: comfort, safety, and entertainment.

Importance in Healthcare:
- These attributes are also crucial in healthcare settings to ensure a positive patient experience.

In conclusion, the need to be sensitive to our surroundings and seek out environments with specific qualities is essential for creating positive experiences in various settings, including retail, hospitality, and healthcare.

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given besides.
Since the earliest times, humans have needed to be sensitive to their surroundings to ____ A ____ , which means that we have an ____ B ____ awareness of our environment and seek out environments with certain qualities.

First of all, humans have a strong need for safety and security and look for those attributes in their environment. We also look for physical ____ C ____ , such as an environment with the right temperature. In addition, we seek an environment that is psychologically comfortable: for example, environments that are familiar, but offer the right amount of stimulus.

Retailers and the hospitality industry know this very well and try to provide an atmosphere that creates a positive customer ____ D ____ and offers three important attributes: comfort, safety, and entertainment. These attributes are ____ E ____ important in healthcare as well.
B
  • a)
    natural
  • b)
    innate
  • c)
    unwanted
  • d)
    awkward
  • e)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?


Explanation:

Understanding the Question:
Humans have a need to be sensitive to their surroundings to _____ A _____, indicating an innate awareness of the environment and a preference for certain qualities.

Breaking Down the Answer:
Option B: innate - This term means that humans have an inherent or natural sensitivity to their environment, rather than learned or acquired.

Reasoning:
1. Humans have evolved to be naturally attuned to their surroundings for survival.
2. This innate sensitivity helps us seek out environments that provide safety, comfort, and stimulation.
3. Retailers and industries capitalize on this innate need by creating environments that cater to these preferences.

Conclusion:
Therefore, the term "innate" accurately describes the inherent sensitivity and awareness that humans have towards their environment, making it the correct answer in this context.

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given besides.
Agriculture in India needs to become more sustainable even as small and marginal farmers ___A___ to build resilience against many threats. First, they remain price-takers and economically vulnerable, __B__ to traders who set prices, and with limited opportunities to sell at a time of their choice. Further , decades of ___C___ agriculture have added to water stress and decline soil health. Farmers rely on ground water for more than 60% of ___D___ needs. Chemical fertilizers once used to __ E___ soil nutrients have been applied to so intensively that the long-term health of soils is now of deep concern.
A
  • a)
    Need
  • b)
    Supervise
  • c)
    Struggle
  • d)
    Negotiate
  • e)
    Address
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Chirag Sen answered
Understanding the Context
The passage discusses the challenges faced by small and marginal farmers in India and emphasizes the need for sustainable agricultural practices. The blank labeled C requires a word that accurately describes the type of agriculture being referred to.
Analysis of the Options
- Need: This option is vague and doesn’t specifically address agricultural practices.
- Supervise: This term implies oversight or management, which does not fit the context of agriculture's sustainability and challenges faced by farmers.
- Struggled: While this could imply farmers are having difficulties, it does not directly relate to the agricultural practices that have contributed to environmental issues.
- Negotiate: This word focuses on bargaining, which is not relevant to the description of agricultural practices.
- Address: While it implies dealing with an issue, it does not describe the type of agriculture referred to in the passage.
Why "Struggled" is the Correct Answer
The term "struggled" effectively captures the essence of the passage. It highlights that traditional agriculture has faced numerous challenges over decades, leading to detrimental effects on water resources and soil health. Using "struggled" here conveys that farmers have faced ongoing difficulties in maintaining sustainable practices amidst economic and environmental pressures.
Conclusion
The correct answer, "struggled," reflects the reality that small and marginal farmers in India have been grappling with the consequences of unsustainable agricultural practices. This word choice enhances the understanding of the urgent need for resilience and sustainable methods in agriculture.

Directions: The passage given below contains some blanks wherein the words have been removed. Find the word from the given options that is suitable for each blank and mark that as your answer.
Plastic and other pieces of debris have ___ A ___ found in the deepest parts of the ocean, according to a new study. A single-use plastic bag was among the 3,500 fragments ___ B ___ at a depth of 11,000 metres. More than one third of what was found was macroplastic – visible pieces of plastic larger than 5mm. The research ___ C ___ the deepest evidence of the ocean’s pollution problem. "As the deep sea is likely to be the final destination of floating plastic debris, the frequent ___ D ___ and widespread distribution of plastic debris in the deep sea indicate that large numbers of plastic debris pieces are distributed ___ E ___ the water column and in the high seas," the researchers said.
A
  • a)
    recently
  • b)
    been
  • c)
    being
  • d)
    never
  • e)
    always
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Manoj Joshi answered
Explanation:

Understanding the context:
The passage discusses the presence of plastic and debris in the deepest parts of the ocean, as highlighted by a recent study.

Analysis of the options:
The word that fits the first blank should indicate that plastic and debris have been discovered in the deepest ocean areas. Among the options provided, only "been" fits this context appropriately.

Reason for selecting option B:
1. Plastic and other pieces of debris have been found in the deepest parts of the ocean, indicating a past action of discovery.
2. The word "been" conveys the idea that the presence of plastic in the ocean depths is not a recent occurrence but has been ongoing.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B) been.

Directions: In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which have been numbered. These numbers correspond to the question numbers; against each question, five words have been suggested, one of which fills the blanks appropriately.
India’s ‘water crisis’ took over social media recently. Usually, a delayed monsoon or a drought,
__A__
with compelling images of parched lands and queues for water in urban areas raise an alarm in the minds of the public. Similarly, episodes of inter-State river water disputes catch public attention.
__B__
, this time, it was somewhat different. Videos and news reports claiming that Indian cities are running out of groundwater went viral. These news items could not have gained the traction but for the fact that they
__C__
on a 2018 report of India’s own Niti Aayog, which was titled ‘Composite Water Management Index: A tool for water management.’

The Niti Aayog’s projection was only a means to an end goal: leveraging some
__D__
from the Indian States. The report’s central goal was to propose a tool, an index, to monitor the States’ water resource management strategies and provide the necessary course-shift, beyond supply augmentation approaches. The report may have had a lofty goal of promoting ‘cooperative and competitive federalism’ but was, in reality, a desperate move to engage with the States, in the absence of any
__E__
leverage to influence their approaches to water resources management. This also
__F__
that the fulcrum of any course correction lies with States.

Yet, what
__G__
us is the question: Just how did such ‘zombie statistics’ gain traction? This is disturbing as it shows there is an absence of
__H__
engagement or institutional accountability. India needs to reconsider the institutional processes for dissemination of knowledge
__I__
water resource management. There is a certain amount of danger inherent in the casual manner
__J__
which knowledge about water resources is legitimised and consumed, particularly in these days of ‘viral’ information.
G
  • a)
    Baffles
  • b)
    Ensures
  • c)
    Hardens
  • d)
    Enlightens
  • e)
    Irritates
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

Here, the author tries to convey his puzzlement about factors leading to such fast spreading of false information.
The correct word is baffled.
Hence, option A is correct.

Let children learn to judge their own work. A child ...(1)... to talk does not learn ...(2)... being corrected all the time ...(3)... corrected too much, he will ...(4)... talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the ...(5)... he uses and the language those around him use.
 
What will come in Option Four?
  • a)
    stop
  • b)
    halt
  • c)
    avoid
  • d)
    shun
Correct answer is 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Shivani Iyer answered


Explanation:

Correct Answer: c) avoid

Reasoning:
  • Context: The passage talks about a child learning to talk and the importance of not being corrected too much.
  • Option C: avoid is the correct answer as it fits the context of the sentence. If a child is corrected too much while learning to talk, he may avoid talking altogether.
  • When someone is corrected excessively, they might feel discouraged or anxious about making mistakes, causing them to avoid the activity altogether.


Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given besides.
Agriculture in India needs to become more sustainable even as small and marginal farmers ___A___ to build resilience against many threats. First, they remain price-takers and economically vulnerable, __B__ to traders who set prices, and with limited opportunities to sell at a time of their choice. Further , decades of ___C___ agriculture have added to water stress and decline soil health. Farmers rely on ground water for more than 60% of ___D___ needs. Chemical fertilizers once used to __ E___ soil nutrients have been applied to so intensively that the long-term health of soils is now of deep concern.
B
  • a)
    Naive
  • b)
    Beholden
  • c)
    Favourable
  • d)
    Unbound
  • e)
    Dominating
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

Geetika Sarkar answered

Explanation:

Understanding the Context:
The passage discusses the challenges faced by small and marginal farmers in India, emphasizing the need for sustainable agriculture practices to build resilience against various threats.

Analysis of Options:
Among the options provided, option B - "Beholden" is the most suitable choice to complete the sentence. Here's why:

Reasoning:
- The term "Beholden" means being indebted or obligated to someone, which accurately captures the idea of farmers being economically vulnerable and dependent on traders who set prices.
- In the context of the sentence, the word "Beholden" conveys the power dynamics between farmers and traders, highlighting the farmers' lack of autonomy in determining prices or selling their produce.

Conclusion:
Therefore, option B - "Beholden" is the correct choice to complete the sentence in a way that aligns with the context and conveys the intended meaning effectively.

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the questions given besides.
Since the earliest times, humans have needed to be sensitive to their surroundings to ____ A ____ , which means that we have an ____ B ____ awareness of our environment and seek out environments with certain qualities.
First of all, humans have a strong need for safety and security and look for those attributes in their environment. We also look for physical ____ C ____ , such as an environment with the right temperature. In addition, we seek an environment that is psychologically comfortable: for example, environments that are familiar, but offer the right amount of stimulus.
Retailers and the hospitality industry know this very well and try to provide an atmosphere that creates a positive customer ____ D ____ and offers three important attributes: comfort, safety, and entertainment. These attributes are ____ E ____ important in healthcare as well.
A
  • a)
    flourish
  • b)
    living
  • c)
    grow
  • d)
    survive
  • e)
    None of these
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

EduRev GMAT answered
If we observe the choices given here closely, we can deduce that both ‘flourish’ and ‘grow’ are
synonyms and it implies that neither of them could fill in the blank. This eliminates option A and C
immediately.
Usage of ‘living’ for the blank would be grammatically incorrect.
‘Survive’ which means ‘continue to live or exist, especially in spite of danger or hardship’ seems to fill in
the blank most appropriately and usage of the verb ‘needed’ in the sentence confirms it in the context
of the passage.
Option D is hence the correct answer

Directions: In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which have been numbered. These numbers correspond to the question numbers; against each question, five words have been suggested, one of which fills the blanks appropriately.
India’s ‘water crisis’ took over social media recently. Usually, a delayed monsoon or a drought, __A__
with compelling images of parched lands and queues for water in urban areas raise an alarm in the minds of the public. Similarly, episodes of inter-State river water disputes catch public attention.
__B__
, this time, it was somewhat different. Videos and news reports claiming that Indian cities are running out of groundwater went viral. These news items could not have gained the traction but for the fact that they
__C__
on a 2018 report of India’s own Niti Aayog, which was titled ‘Composite Water Management Index: A tool for water management.’

The Niti Aayog’s projection was only a means to an end goal: leveraging some
__D__
from the Indian States. The report’s central goal was to propose a tool, an index, to monitor the States’ water resource management strategies and provide the necessary course-shift, beyond supply augmentation approaches. The report may have had a lofty goal of promoting ‘cooperative and competitive federalism’ but was, in reality, a desperate move to engage with the States, in the absence of any
__E__
leverage to influence their approaches to water resources management. This also
__F__
that the fulcrum of any course correction lies with States.

Yet, what
__G__
us is the question: Just how did such ‘zombie statistics’ gain traction? This is disturbing as it shows there is an absence of
__H__
engagement or institutional accountability. India needs to reconsider the institutional processes for dissemination of knowledge
__I__
water resource management. There is a certain amount of danger inherent in the casual manner
__J__
which knowledge about water resources is legitimised and consumed, particularly in these days of ‘viral’ information.
C
  • a)
    Depended
  • b)
    Relied
  • c)
    Counted
  • d)
    Banked
  • e)
    All of the above
Correct answer is option 'E'. Can you explain this answer?

All of the words convey the correct meaning about the false news mostly relying on the NITI Aayog report on water management.
Hence, option E is correct.

Directions: In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which have been numbered. These numbers correspond to the question numbers; against each question, five words have been suggested, one of which fills the blanks appropriately.
India’s ‘water crisis’ took over social media recently. Usually, a delayed monsoon or a drought,
__A__
with compelling images of parched lands and queues for water in urban areas raise an alarm in the minds of the public. Similarly, episodes of inter-State river water disputes catch public attention.
__B__
, this time, it was somewhat different. Videos and news reports claiming that Indian cities are running out of groundwater went viral. These news items could not have gained the traction but for the fact that they
__C__
on a 2018 report of India’s own Niti Aayog, which was titled ‘Composite Water Management Index: A tool for water management.’

The Niti Aayog’s projection was only a means to an end goal: leveraging some
__D__
from the Indian States. The report’s central goal was to propose a tool, an index, to monitor the States’ water resource management strategies and provide the necessary course-shift, beyond supply augmentation approaches. The report may have had a lofty goal of promoting ‘cooperative and competitive federalism’ but was, in reality, a desperate move to engage with the States, in the absence of any
__E__
leverage to influence their approaches to water resources management. This also
__F__
that the fulcrum of any course correction lies with States.

Yet, what
__G__
us is the question: Just how did such ‘zombie statistics’ gain traction? This is disturbing as it shows there is an absence of
__H__
engagement or institutional accountability. India needs to reconsider the institutional processes for dissemination of knowledge
__I__
water resource management. There is a certain amount of danger inherent in the casual manner
__J__
which knowledge about water resources is legitimised and consumed, particularly in these days of ‘viral’ information.
H
  • a)
    Engage
  • b)
    Critical
  • c)
    Unused
  • d)
    Must
  • e)
    Condemn
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?

The author states that there is no analysis of the information being spread and people believe what they read. ‘Critical’ here refers to this analysis and is the correct answer.
Hence, option B is correct.

Let children learn to judge their own work. A child ...(1)... to talk does not learn ...(2)... being corrected all the time ...(3)... corrected too much, he will ...(4)... talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the ...(5)... he uses and the language those around him use.
What will come in Option Two?
  • a)
    in
  • b)
    on
  • c)
    by
  • d)
    to
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?

Sparsh Mehta answered
Explanation:

The given passage talks about how children should be allowed to judge their own work. It compares it to how a child learns to talk without being corrected all the time. The passage emphasizes the importance of allowing children to develop their own skills by noticing the difference between their work and the work of others.

Option Two is "by." The correct answer is option C.

In this context, "learn by being corrected" means that the child learns through constant correction, which is not an effective method. Therefore, the correct option is "by."

Heading: Importance of Allowing Children to Judge their Own Work

- Children should be allowed to learn from their mistakes without always being corrected.
- A child who is corrected too much may become discouraged and stop trying.
- Children learn through observation and self-reflection.

Heading: Comparison to Learning to Talk

- Children learn to talk by listening to the language around them.
- They notice the difference between the language they use and the language others use.
- This process enables them to develop their language skills.

Heading: Importance of Self-Assessment

- Allowing children to judge their own work encourages self-reflection and self-improvement.
- It instills a sense of responsibility and accountability in children.
- It helps children develop critical thinking skills and fosters independence.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, it is important to allow children to learn from their mistakes and develop their own skills. By allowing them to judge their own work, we encourage self-reflection, critical thinking, and independence. This is a crucial aspect of a child's development and should be encouraged by parents and educators alike.

Directions: The passage given below contains some blanks wherein the words have been removed. Find the word from the given options that is suitable for each blank and mark that as your answer.
Plastic and other pieces of debris have ___ A ___ found in the deepest parts of the ocean, according to a new study. A single-use plastic bag was among the 3,500 fragments ___ B ___ at a depth of 11,000 metres. More than one third of what was found was macroplastic – visible pieces of plastic larger than 5mm. The research ___ C ___ the deepest evidence of the ocean’s pollution problem. "As the deep sea is likely to be the final destination of floating plastic debris, the frequent ___ D ___ and widespread distribution of plastic debris in the deep sea indicate that large numbers of plastic debris pieces are distributed ___ E ___ the water column and in the high seas," the researchers said.
C
  • a)
    indicate
  • b)
    foresees
  • c)
    culminates
  • d)
    demonstrates
  • e)
    reveals
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

In the context of the sentence, the best choices among the given ones are 'indicate' and 'demonstrates' but as the former one is a plural verb whereas the subject research is a singular one, the latter seems to fit the blank more appropriately.
Foresee means 'to predict something' and is absurd here.
Culminate means 'to reach a climax or point of highest development' and is absolutely illogical for the blank as well.
Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

Directions: In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which have been numbered. These numbers correspond to the question numbers; against each question, five words have been suggested, one of which fills the blanks appropriately.
India’s ‘water crisis’ took over social media recently. Usually, a delayed monsoon or a drought,
__A__
with compelling images of parched lands and queues for water in urban areas raise an alarm in the minds of the public. Similarly, episodes of inter-State river water disputes catch public attention.
__B__
, this time, it was somewhat different. Videos and news reports claiming that Indian cities are running out of groundwater went viral. These news items could not have gained the traction but for the fact that they
__C__
on a 2018 report of India’s own Niti Aayog, which was titled ‘Composite Water Management Index: A tool for water management.’

The Niti Aayog’s projection was only a means to an end goal: leveraging some
__D__
from the Indian States. The report’s central goal was to propose a tool, an index, to monitor the States’ water resource management strategies and provide the necessary course-shift, beyond supply augmentation approaches. The report may have had a lofty goal of promoting ‘cooperative and competitive federalism’ but was, in reality, a desperate move to engage with the States, in the absence of any
__E__
leverage to influence their approaches to water resources management. This also
__F__
that the fulcrum of any course correction lies with States.

Yet, what
__G__
us is the question: Just how did such ‘zombie statistics’ gain traction? This is disturbing as it shows there is an absence of
__H__
engagement or institutional accountability. India needs to reconsider the institutional processes for dissemination of knowledge
__I__
water resource management. There is a certain amount of danger inherent in the casual manner
__J__
which knowledge about water resources is legitimised and consumed, particularly in these days of ‘viral’ information.
E
  • a)
    Subsidy
  • b)
    Minor
  • c)
    Help
  • d)
    Substantive
  • e)
    Perfect
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

The author talks about the plight of NITI Aayog in the absence of any viable/major leverage to influence states.
The correct word is substantive here which means major.
Hence, option D is correct.

Directions: In the following passage, there are blanks, each of which have been numbered. These numbers correspond to the question numbers; against each question, five words have been suggested, one of which fills the blanks appropriately.
India’s ‘water crisis’ took over social media recently. Usually, a delayed monsoon or a drought,
__A__
with compelling images of parched lands and queues for water in urban areas raise an alarm in the minds of the public. Similarly, episodes of inter-State river water disputes catch public attention.
__B__
, this time, it was somewhat different. Videos and news reports claiming that Indian cities are running out of groundwater went viral. These news items could not have gained the traction but for the fact that they
__C__
on a 2018 report of India’s own Niti Aayog, which was titled ‘Composite Water Management Index: A tool for water management.’

The Niti Aayog’s projection was only a means to an end goal: leveraging some
__D__
from the Indian States. The report’s central goal was to propose a tool, an index, to monitor the States’ water resource management strategies and provide the necessary course-shift, beyond supply augmentation approaches. The report may have had a lofty goal of promoting ‘cooperative and competitive federalism’ but was, in reality, a desperate move to engage with the States, in the absence of any
__E__
leverage to influence their approaches to water resources management. This also
__F__
that the fulcrum of any course correction lies with States.

Yet, what
__G__
us is the question: Just how did such ‘zombie statistics’ gain traction? This is disturbing as it shows there is an absence of
__H__
engagement or institutional accountability. India needs to reconsider the institutional processes for dissemination of knowledge
__I__
water resource management. There is a certain amount of danger inherent in the casual manner
__J__
which knowledge about water resources is legitimised and consumed, particularly in these days of ‘viral’ information.
I
  • a)
    About
  • b)
    For
  • c)
    With
  • d)
    Or
  • e)
    And
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?

The statement states that Indian needs to rethink on the subject of water information dissemination. We need a preposition here and the correct one is ‘about’.
Hence, Option A is correct.

Let children learn to judge their own work. A child ...(1)... to talk does not learn ...(2)... being corrected all the time ...(3)... corrected too much, he will ...(4)... talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the ...(5)... he uses and the language those around him use.
 
What will come in Option Three?
  • a)
    unless
  • b)
    being
  • c)
    untill
  • d)
    if
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?

Explanation:

Option D: if is the correct answer because it completes the sentence logically and grammatically.

Here is the detailed explanation:

1. The Sentence:
The sentence states, "A child ... to talk does not learn ... being corrected all the time ... corrected too much, he will ... talking."

2. Analyzing the Sentence:
Let's break down the sentence and analyze it to understand the logical flow and the missing word.

3. First Part of the Sentence:
"A child ... to talk"
This part of the sentence implies that the child is learning to talk or acquiring language skills.

4. Second Part of the Sentence:
"... does not learn ..."
This part indicates that the child is not able to learn something or acquire a particular skill.

5. Third Part of the Sentence:
"... being corrected all the time ..."
This part suggests that the child is being corrected continuously or repeatedly.

6. Fourth Part of the Sentence:
"... corrected too much, he will ..."
This part implies that if the child is corrected excessively, there will be a consequence.

7. Fifth Part of the Sentence:
"... talking."
This part indicates that the child will stop talking or speaking.

8. Analyzing the Missing Word:
Now, let's focus on the missing word and its placement in the sentence.

9. Plausible Options:
The options provided are "unless," "being," "until," and "if."

10. Eliminating Options:
- "Unless" does not fit logically in this context, as it would create a contradictory meaning. The sentence suggests that the child does not learn when corrected, but "unless" implies the opposite.
- "Being" is a gerund form that does not fit grammatically in this sentence structure.
- "Until" does not fit logically in this context because it does not establish a cause-and-effect relationship between being corrected and the child's action.
- "If" fits logically and grammatically in this context. It establishes a conditional relationship between being corrected excessively and the child's consequent action of stopping talking.

11. Conclusion:
Based on the analysis, it is evident that "if" is the correct answer as it completes the sentence logically and grammatically.

Chapter doubts & questions for Cloze Passage - English for EmSAT Achieve 2025 is part of EmSAT Achieve exam preparation. The chapters have been prepared according to the EmSAT Achieve exam syllabus. The Chapter doubts & questions, notes, tests & MCQs are made for EmSAT Achieve 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests here.

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