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A cylindrical tube of a length of 30 cm is partitioned by a tight-fitting separator. The separator is very weakly conducting and can freely slide along the tube. Ideal gases are filled in the two parts of the vessel. In the beginning, the temperatures in parts A and B are 400 K and 100 K respectively. The separator slides to a momentary equilibrium position shown in the figure. Find the final equilibrium position of the separator, reached after a long time.
- a)25 cm from right end
- b)10 cm from right end
- c)10 cm from left end
- d)20 cm from left end
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
A cylindrical tube of a length of 30 cm is partitioned by a tight-fitting separator. The separator is very weakly conducting and can freely slide along the tube. Ideal gases are filled in the two parts of the vessel. In the beginning, the temperatures in parts A and B are 400 K and 100 K respectively. The separator slides to a momentary equilibrium position shown in the figure. Find the final equilibrium position of the separator, reached after a long time.
a)
25 cm from right end
b)
10 cm from right end
c)
10 cm from left end
d)
20 cm from left end
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Arien Instructors answered |
Calculation:
- The middle wall is weakly conducting. Thus after a long time, the temperature of both parts will equalize.
- The final position of the separating wall is at a distance x from the left end. So it is at a distance of 30 - x from the right end Putting the combined gas equation of one side of the separating wall,
⇒ 30 - x = 2x
⇒ 3x = 30
⇒ x = 10 cm
The separator will be at a distance of 10 cm from left end.
Two bodies in contact are said to be in thermal equilibrium when- a)No work is done by the bodies
- b)When one of the body has a higher temperature
- c)No heat flow occurs between the two bodies
- d)All of the above
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Two bodies in contact are said to be in thermal equilibrium when
a)
No work is done by the bodies
b)
When one of the body has a higher temperature
c)
No heat flow occurs between the two bodies
d)
All of the above
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Arien Instructors answered |
- Thermal equilibrium exists when two bodies are or have attained the same temperature.
- Hence, two bodies in contact are said to be in thermal equilibrium when no heat flow occurs between the two bodies.
What is thermal equilibrium?- a)When two objects in contact with each other are at same pressure.
- b)When two objects in contact with each other have same energy
- c)When two objects in contact with each other are at same temperature
- d)When two objects in contact with each other are at same temperature and same pressure
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
What is thermal equilibrium?
a)
When two objects in contact with each other are at same pressure.
b)
When two objects in contact with each other have same energy
c)
When two objects in contact with each other are at same temperature
d)
When two objects in contact with each other are at same temperature and same pressure
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Arien Instructors answered |
- Heat transfer occurs from higher temperature to lower temperature until both temperatures become the same.
- When the temperature of two objects is the same, they are said to be in thermal equilibrium.
- So the correct answer is option 3 i.e. When two objects in contact with each other are at the same temperature.
If __________ between the system and the surroundings, the process is adiabatic.- a)both heat and matter flows
- b)heat flows but matter does not flow
- c)neither heat nor matter flows
- d)matter flows but heat does not flow
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
If __________ between the system and the surroundings, the process is adiabatic.
a)
both heat and matter flows
b)
heat flows but matter does not flow
c)
neither heat nor matter flows
d)
matter flows but heat does not flow
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Arien Instructors answered |
- From above it is clear that if neither heat nor matter flows between the system and the surroundings, then the process is adiabatic. Therefore option 3 is correct.
A solid X is in thermal equilibrium with a solid Y. Solid Y has the same temperature as solid Z. If the three solids have different masses and compositions, which one of the following statements is correct? - a)X and Z have the same latent heat capacity
- b)X and Y have the same heat capacity
- c)Y may not necessarily be in thermal equilibrium with Z
- d)There will be no net transfer of energy if X is placed in thermal contact with Z
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
A solid X is in thermal equilibrium with a solid Y. Solid Y has the same temperature as solid Z. If the three solids have different masses and compositions, which one of the following statements is correct?
a)
X and Z have the same latent heat capacity
b)
X and Y have the same heat capacity
c)
Y may not necessarily be in thermal equilibrium with Z
d)
There will be no net transfer of energy if X is placed in thermal contact with Z
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Arien Instructors answered |
- X and Y are in thermal equilibrium. So, they both have the same temperature.
- Given that Y has the same temperature as Z. So Y and Z are in thermal equilibrium.
- Therefore, X, Y, and Z are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
- So, if X is placed in thermal contact with Z, there will be no net transfer of energy.
Thermal decomposition of lime stone produces- a)Quick lime
- b)Lime water
- c)Marble
- d)Slaked lime
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Thermal decomposition of lime stone produces
a)
Quick lime
b)
Lime water
c)
Marble
d)
Slaked lime
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Arien Instructors answered |
- Calcium oxide
- It is commonly known as quicklime or burnt lime and it is a widely used chemical compound.
- It is a white, caustic, alkaline, crystalline solid at room temperature.
- Calcium oxide, commonly known as lime, is a chemical compound with the formula CaO.
- Calcium oxide, also known as quicklime. It is believed that quicklime is one of the oldest chemicals known to the human race. It can also be referred to as burnt lime or lime.
- Calcium oxide can be produced by the thermal decomposition of materials like limestone or seashells that contain calcium carbonate (CaCO3 ; mineral calcite) in a lime kiln. Hence, Option 1 is correct.
- The process that is used to prepare burnt lime is known as calcination.
- It is a process that starts with thermally decomposing the reactants at high temperatures but ensuring that the temperature is kept well below the melting point.
A system is in thermal equilibrium with its environment if-- a)The temperatures of the system and environment are equal
- b)The pressures in the system and environment are equal
- c)The chemical potentials of the system and environment are equal
- d)All of the above
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
A system is in thermal equilibrium with its environment if-
a)
The temperatures of the system and environment are equal
b)
The pressures in the system and environment are equal
c)
The chemical potentials of the system and environment are equal
d)
All of the above
|
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Arien Instructors answered |
- From the definition of thermal equilibrium, a system is in thermal equilibrium with its environment if the temperatures of the system and environment are equal.
Thermocouple thermometer is based on- a)Seebeck effect
- b)Pettier effect
- c)Thomson effect
- d)Joule effect
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Thermocouple thermometer is based on
a)
Seebeck effect
b)
Pettier effect
c)
Thomson effect
d)
Joule effect
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|
Arien Instructors answered |
- If two different metal wires are joined to form a closed circuit and two junctions are kept at different temperatures, a small emf is set up in the circuit in a definite direction. This effect is called a thermoelectric effect or Seebeck effect.
- The emf developed in the circuit is called thermal emf or Seeback emf and the current called thermoelectric current. Therefore option 1 is correct.
Any process in which the system returns to its initial state after undergoing a series of changes is known as ___________- a)Clockwise process
- b)Anticlockwise process
- c)Cyclic process
- d)Thermodynamic process
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Any process in which the system returns to its initial state after undergoing a series of changes is known as ___________
a)
Clockwise process
b)
Anticlockwise process
c)
Cyclic process
d)
Thermodynamic process
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Arien Instructors answered |
Any process in which the system returns to its initial state is known as a cyclic process. The change in internal energy after a complete cycle is zero because the system returns to its initial state.
An ideal gas heat engine is operating between 227°C and 127°C. It absorbs 104 J of heat at the higher temperature. The amount of heat converted into work is?- a)2000 J
- b)4000 J
- c)8000 J
- d)5600 J
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
An ideal gas heat engine is operating between 227°C and 127°C. It absorbs 104 J of heat at the higher temperature. The amount of heat converted into work is?
a)
2000 J
b)
4000 J
c)
8000 J
d)
5600 J
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Arien Instructors answered |
Ƞ=1-T2/T1 = 1-(273+127)/(273+227)=1-400/500=1/5
W=ȠQ1=1/5×104=2000J.
W=ȠQ1=1/5×104=2000J.
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