All questions of Population : Distribution, Density, Growth and Composition for Humanities/Arts Exam

Population of India according to Economic Status
Main workers, marginal workers, and non-workers are the three categories into which the population of India is divided based on their economic status.

Explanation
- **Main workers**: These are individuals who are engaged in economic activities for major part of the year. They could be employed in various sectors such as agriculture, industry, services, etc.
- **Marginal workers**: Marginal workers, on the other hand, are those who are engaged in economic activities for less than major part of the year. They might work on a seasonal basis or have irregular or part-time employment.
- **Non-workers**: Non-workers are individuals who are not engaged in any economic activity. This category includes people such as students, homemakers, retired individuals, and those who are unemployed.

Significance of the Division
- The division into main workers, marginal workers, and non-workers helps in understanding the distribution of the working population in India.
- It provides insights into the extent of employment and underemployment in the country.
- The high proportion of non-workers highlights the presence of a significant dependent population, which could indicate challenges related to unemployment and economic development.
In conclusion, the division of the population into main workers, marginal workers, and non-workers offers valuable information about the economic status and workforce participation in India.

Proportion of people living in rural areas

According to the latest data from the World Bank, the proportion of people living in rural areas in India is about 70 percent.

Factors contributing to high rural population

There are several factors that contribute to the high proportion of people living in rural areas in India, including:

1. Agriculture: Agriculture is the primary occupation in rural areas and provides employment to a significant portion of the rural population.

2. Lack of industrialization: The lack of industrialization in rural areas means that there are fewer job opportunities, forcing people to rely on agriculture and other traditional occupations.

3. Limited access to education: Rural areas often have limited access to education, which limits the ability of people to pursue alternative career paths.

4. Cultural factors: In many cases, cultural factors also play a role in keeping people in rural areas. For example, many people are attached to their land and do not want to leave their ancestral homes.

Challenges faced by rural areas

Despite the significant proportion of people living in rural areas, these areas face several challenges, including:

1. Poverty: Rural areas tend to have higher poverty rates than urban areas, with many people struggling to make ends meet.

2. Lack of basic amenities: Rural areas often lack basic amenities such as access to clean water, electricity, and healthcare.

3. Limited infrastructure: Rural areas often have limited infrastructure, including roads, bridges, and public transportation.

4. Limited access to education: As mentioned earlier, rural areas often have limited access to education, which can limit opportunities for individuals and the development of the community as a whole.

In conclusion, while the proportion of people living in rural areas in India is high, these areas face several challenges that need to be addressed in order to improve the lives of those living there.

The NYP was launched in 2014.

Understanding Population Growth
Population growth refers to the change in the number of individuals living in a specific area over a designated period. This growth is a vital statistic for understanding demographic trends and is essential for planning resources and services.
Expression of Growth Rate
- The growth of population is typically expressed in terms of percentage.
- This percentage indicates how much the population has increased or decreased relative to its previous size.
Components of Population Growth
- Population growth is composed of two main components:
- Natural Growth: This is determined by the difference between birth rates and death rates.
- Induced Growth: This relates to the movement of people into (in-migration) or out of (out-migration) an area.
Importance of Percentage in Population Studies
- Expressing population growth in percentage allows for:
- Easier comparison across different regions and time periods.
- Clearer understanding of demographic changes.
- Assessment of the impact of policies on population dynamics.
Conclusion
Using percentage to express population growth is not only a standard practice but also a crucial aspect of demographic analysis. It provides a clear and concise way to track changes in population, making it an invaluable tool for researchers, policymakers, and planners.

Empower the youth in terms of their effective participation in decision making was the main thrust of NYP.

The Government of India formulate the National Policy for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship in 2015.

Definition of Youth as per NYP-2014

The National Youth Policy (NYP-2014) launched in February 2014 defines 'youth' as persons in the age group of 15-29 years. This definition provides a clear understanding of the age bracket that the policy aims to target and support.

Importance of Defining Youth

Defining the age group for youth is crucial as it helps in identifying the specific needs, challenges, and aspirations of this demographic. It allows policymakers to tailor programs and initiatives that address the unique requirements of young individuals, ultimately empowering them to reach their full potential.

Reasons for Choosing 15-29 Years

1. Transition from Childhood to Adulthood: The age group of 15-29 years marks the transition phase from childhood to adulthood. During this period, young individuals undergo significant physical, emotional, and cognitive changes, making it an important developmental stage.

2. Education and Skill Development: This age group typically encompasses individuals who are pursuing education or skill development programs. By targeting this age range, the NYP-2014 aims to provide adequate support and opportunities for young people to acquire knowledge and skills necessary for their personal and professional growth.

3. Active Participation in Society: Individuals aged 15-29 years are at a stage where they actively engage in various aspects of society. They contribute to economic activities, participate in civic affairs, and shape the cultural fabric of the nation. Recognizing their potential and providing them with the necessary resources can lead to their active involvement in nation-building.

4. Harnessing Demographic Dividend: India has a significant youth population, and this demographic dividend can be harnessed to drive economic growth and development. By defining youth as persons aged 15-29 years, the NYP-2014 acknowledges the importance of empowering this age group to contribute effectively to the nation's progress.

Conclusion

The NYP-2014 defines youth as individuals between the ages of 15-29 years. This age bracket is strategically chosen to address the specific needs and aspirations of young people during their transition from childhood to adulthood. By providing targeted support and opportunities, the policy aims to empower the youth of India to achieve their full potential and contribute to the nation's development.

Understanding Population Growth
Population growth reflects the change in the number of individuals in a specific area over time. It is primarily driven by two components: natural growth and induced growth.
What is Natural Growth Rate?
- The natural growth rate is determined by the difference between the number of live births and the number of deaths within a specific time frame, usually a year.
- It is a crucial indicator of how a population is changing without the influence of migration.
Clarifying the Options
- a) Growth of population: This term encompasses the overall change in population size, including both natural growth and migration. It does not specifically refer to births and deaths alone.
- b) Natural growth rate: This term accurately describes the difference between the number of live births and deaths in a year, making it the correct term for this definition.
- c) Natural death rate: This option only refers to the number of deaths in a population and does not account for births, making it an incomplete measure of growth.
- d) Crude birth rate: This term specifically indicates the number of live births per thousand people in a year, without considering deaths.
Conclusion
Given the definitions, the correct answer should be b) Natural growth rate. It specifically measures the net change in population due to births and deaths, thus effectively capturing the essence of the question.

Understanding Population Growth Rates
Population growth can be analyzed through various metrics, each providing different insights into demographic changes. Among these metrics, the decadal growth rate stands out as a significant measure.
What is Decadal Growth Rate?
- The decadal growth rate refers to the total change in population over a ten-year period.
- It is calculated by comparing the population at the beginning and end of the decade, allowing for a broader perspective on trends and shifts in demographic patterns.
Why is Decadal Growth Rate Important?
- Long-term Trends: It helps understand long-term trends in population growth, which can be more stable and representative than annual fluctuations.
- Policy Planning: Governments and organizations can utilize this data for effective policy planning, resource allocation, and infrastructure development.
- Social Insights: It provides insights into social factors influencing population changes, such as migration patterns and economic conditions.
Comparison with Other Growth Rates
- Annual Growth Rate: This metric measures the change over a single year, which can be affected by short-term events such as natural disasters or economic crises.
- Induced Growth Rate: This focuses on migration and movement of people rather than natural changes like birth and death rates.
- Dense Growth Rate: This term often refers to population density rather than growth per se and does not provide a clear picture of population changes over time.
Conclusion
Given the need to assess population changes comprehensively over a more extended period, the decadal growth rate serves as a crucial indicator for understanding demographic dynamics. Thus, in the context of the question, the correct answer is indeed option 'B'—the decadal growth rate.

1.64% was the annual growth rate of India as per 2011 Census.

The work participation rate (WPR) is the percentage of workers to the total population. The WPR of the ST population is 49.9 per cent at 2001 Census, which is lower than 47.4 per cent recorded at 1991 Census. The male WPR has been 54.5 per cent and the female WPR 30.4 per cent in 2001.

Delhi

The proportion of main workers is 39.8%.

Work participation rate is defined as the percentage of total workers to the total population.