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All questions of Evolution for NEET Exam
Fossils are generally found in:- a)Metamorphic rocks
- b)Igneous rocks
- c)Sedimentary rocks
- d)Any type of rock
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Fossils are generally found in:
a)
Metamorphic rocks
b)
Igneous rocks
c)
Sedimentary rocks
d)
Any type of rock
|
Geetika Shah answered |
Fossils are generally found in sedimentary rocks.
Tendrils in plants are an example of
- a)Adaptive radiation
- b)Convergent evolution
- c)Divergent evolution
- d)Co-evolution
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Tendrils in plants are an example of
a)
Adaptive radiation
b)
Convergent evolution
c)
Divergent evolution
d)
Co-evolution
|
Ayush Singh answered |
Yes answer should be convergent because no thorns were asked in ques tendrils are many types originating from leaf,stem,stipule which are different in origin
Evolution is- a)Progressive development of race
- b)History of race
- c)History and development of a race along with variations
- d)Development of race
Correct answer is 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Evolution is
a)
Progressive development of race
b)
History of race
c)
History and development of a race along with variations
d)
Development of race
|
Pooja Mehta answered |
The term evolution was coined by Herbert Spencer, an English philosopher which means unrolling or unfolding of nature that brings about an orderly change from one form or condition to another resulting in descendants becoming different from ancestors. Thus, it is history and development of race along with variations.
Darwin judged the fitness of an individual by- a)Dominance over other individual
- b)Strategy to obtain food
- c)Ability to defend itself
- d)Number of offspring
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Darwin judged the fitness of an individual by
a)
Dominance over other individual
b)
Strategy to obtain food
c)
Ability to defend itself
d)
Number of offspring
|
Rajeev Saxena answered |
Darwin realised that under the intense competition of members in a population, any variation which favoured survival in a particular environment would increase the individuals ability to reproduce and leave fertile offsprings. While less favourable variations decrease the chance of successful reproduction. Hence, Darwin judged the fitness of an individual by reproducing ability and the number of offsprings.
It is believed that the first organisms which inhabitated earth's surface were
[MP PMT 01]
- a)Autotrophs
- b)Mixotrophs
- c)Bacteria
- d)Chromatotrophs
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
It is believed that the first organisms which inhabitated earth's surface were
[MP PMT 01]
a)
Autotrophs
b)
Mixotrophs
c)
Bacteria
d)
Chromatotrophs
|
Srishti Shah answered |
The first organisms that inhabited Earth's surface were bacteria. This is supported by several lines of evidence.
Fossil Record:
The oldest fossils found on Earth are of bacteria-like organisms. These fossils date back to 3.5 billion years ago. These bacteria were anaerobic, which means that they did not require oxygen to survive.
Chemical Evidence:
The chemical composition of rocks that are 3.8 billion years old suggests that they were formed by bacteria. These rocks contain isotopes of carbon that are only produced by living organisms.
Evolutionary History:
Bacteria are the most ancient and diverse group of organisms on Earth. They have been evolving for billions of years and have adapted to almost every environment on the planet.
Autotrophs and Mixotrophs:
Autotrophs are organisms that can produce their own food using energy from the sun or from inorganic compounds. Mixotrophs are organisms that can switch between being autotrophic and heterotrophic (consuming other organisms for food). While these types of organisms are important in the history of life on Earth, they did not appear until much later in evolution.
Chromatotrophs:
Chromatotrophs are bacteria that use chemicals as their source of energy. While these types of bacteria are also ancient, they are not believed to be the first organisms on Earth.
In conclusion, the first organisms that inhabited Earth's surface were bacteria. They have been evolving for billions of years and have adapted to almost every environment on the planet.
Fossil Record:
The oldest fossils found on Earth are of bacteria-like organisms. These fossils date back to 3.5 billion years ago. These bacteria were anaerobic, which means that they did not require oxygen to survive.
Chemical Evidence:
The chemical composition of rocks that are 3.8 billion years old suggests that they were formed by bacteria. These rocks contain isotopes of carbon that are only produced by living organisms.
Evolutionary History:
Bacteria are the most ancient and diverse group of organisms on Earth. They have been evolving for billions of years and have adapted to almost every environment on the planet.
Autotrophs and Mixotrophs:
Autotrophs are organisms that can produce their own food using energy from the sun or from inorganic compounds. Mixotrophs are organisms that can switch between being autotrophic and heterotrophic (consuming other organisms for food). While these types of organisms are important in the history of life on Earth, they did not appear until much later in evolution.
Chromatotrophs:
Chromatotrophs are bacteria that use chemicals as their source of energy. While these types of bacteria are also ancient, they are not believed to be the first organisms on Earth.
In conclusion, the first organisms that inhabited Earth's surface were bacteria. They have been evolving for billions of years and have adapted to almost every environment on the planet.
According to abiogenesis life originates from ______.- a)Pre-exiting life
- b)Extra-terrestrial matter
- c)Non-living matter
- d)Chemicals
Correct answer is 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
According to abiogenesis life originates from ______.
a)
Pre-exiting life
b)
Extra-terrestrial matter
c)
Non-living matter
d)
Chemicals
|
Hansa Sharma answered |
According to abiogenesis theory of origin of life, life originated from non-living matter like gases, inorganic substance and water at particular temperature and pressure.
What is most important for origin of life
[AFMC 78]
- a)Water
- b)Oxygen
- c)Carbon
- d)Nitrogen
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
What is most important for origin of life
[AFMC 78]
a)
Water
b)
Oxygen
c)
Carbon
d)
Nitrogen
|
|
preeti answered |
All the life in evolution when originate origin in water so water is the most essential condition for origin of life.All life forms were in water environment only.
- a)Geographical evolution
- b)Convergent evolution
- c)Divergent evolution
- d)Adaptive radiation
Correct answer is 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
|
|
Rajat Kapoor answered |
The diversification of an ancestral group into two or more species in different habitats is called divergent evolution. When this involves large number of species to occupy different ritches, this is called adaptive radiation. Adaptive radiation is the process of evolution of different species in a given geographical area starting from a species of animals or plants and literally radiating to other areas of geography (habitats). Darwin's finches represent one of best examples of this phenomenon. Australian marsupials are another example of adaptive radiation.
Homo sapiens arose in Africa and moved across continents and developed into distinct races during?- a)Ice age between 75000-10,000 years ago
- b)Ice age between 5000-6000 years ago
- c)Stone age between 10,000 years ago
- d)Stone age between 2000-4000 years ago
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Homo sapiens arose in Africa and moved across continents and developed into distinct races during?
a)
Ice age between 75000-10,000 years ago
b)
Ice age between 5000-6000 years ago
c)
Stone age between 10,000 years ago
d)
Stone age between 2000-4000 years ago
|
|
Kushagra Budhgaya answered |
Answer A is correct. why don't you go through the ncert once.
Which of the following bird will be called most successfully evolved?- a)Lays 5 eggs, 5 hatch and 5 reproduce
- b)Lays 9 eggs, 9 hatch and 3 reproduce
- c)Lays 2 eggs, 2 hatch and 2 reproduce
- d)Lays 10 eggs, 5 hatch and 4 reproduce
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following bird will be called most successfully evolved?
a)
Lays 5 eggs, 5 hatch and 5 reproduce
b)
Lays 9 eggs, 9 hatch and 3 reproduce
c)
Lays 2 eggs, 2 hatch and 2 reproduce
d)
Lays 10 eggs, 5 hatch and 4 reproduce
|
Rupesh Ganguli answered |
Correct answer is a because according to Darwin the who leaves more Number of reproducing individuals are more successful
Fossils are most commonly preserved in______.- a)Sedimentary rocks
- b)Igneous rocks
- c)Metamorphic rocks
- d)Any type of rock
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Fossils are most commonly preserved in______.
a)
Sedimentary rocks
b)
Igneous rocks
c)
Metamorphic rocks
d)
Any type of rock
|
Prerana M N answered |
Sedimentary rocks are mostly involved in forming fossils, owing to the way in which they are formed.
An inter-breeding population of finches became separated geographically, forming two isolated groups. Each group then became subject to different selective pressures. One group was then introduced into the habitat of the other. Which one of the following would determine whether they now formed two distinct species?- a)They had been separated for more than three million years
- b)They failed to produce fertile F1 hybrids
- c)They showed marked differences in the shape of their beaks
- d)Their plumage had become markedly different
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
An inter-breeding population of finches became separated geographically, forming two isolated groups. Each group then became subject to different selective pressures. One group was then introduced into the habitat of the other. Which one of the following would determine whether they now formed two distinct species?
a)
They had been separated for more than three million years
b)
They failed to produce fertile F1 hybrids
c)
They showed marked differences in the shape of their beaks
d)
Their plumage had become markedly different
|
Mira Joshi answered |
Once inter-breeding population of finches, now have failed to produce fertile F1 hybrids, this means they have now formed two distinct species.
Theory of spontaneous generation believed that : [NCERT 773]
- a)Life of originated from othe similar organisms or spontaneously
- b)life arises from the non-living matter
- c)Life originated from similar organisms
- d)Life originated from air
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Theory of spontaneous generation believed that : [NCERT 773]
a)
Life of originated from othe similar organisms or spontaneously
b)
life arises from the non-living matter
c)
Life originated from similar organisms
d)
Life originated from air
|
Mayank Chavan answered |
Believers of spontaneous generation believed that life originated only spontaneously. Let's understand this statement in detail.
Explanation:
Spontaneous generation is the theory that proposed that living organisms could arise from non-living matter under certain conditions. This theory was widely accepted for many centuries, until it was disproven by Louis Pasteur in the mid-19th century.
a) Life originated from other similar organisms or spontaneously:
According to the theory of spontaneous generation, life could arise either from other similar organisms or spontaneously from non-living matter. However, this is not the correct answer as the believers of spontaneous generation did not consider the possibility of life originating from other similar organisms.
b) Life originated only spontaneously:
This is the correct answer. The believers of spontaneous generation argued that life could only originate spontaneously from non-living matter. They believed that under certain conditions, such as the presence of air, moisture, and organic material, life could arise spontaneously.
c) Life originated from similar organisms:
This is not the correct answer. The believers of spontaneous generation did not consider the possibility of life originating from similar organisms. They believed that life could only arise from non-living matter.
d) Life originated from air:
While air was considered to be one of the necessary conditions for spontaneous generation, it was not believed to be the source of life. The believers of spontaneous generation thought that life could originate from the combination of non-living matter, air, and other environmental factors.
In conclusion, the correct answer is option 'B' - the believers of spontaneous generation believed that life originated only spontaneously from non-living matter under certain conditions. However, it's important to note that this theory has been disproven by scientific experiments and observations, and the modern understanding of life's origin is based on the principles of biogenesis, which states that life only arises from pre-existing life.
Explanation:
Spontaneous generation is the theory that proposed that living organisms could arise from non-living matter under certain conditions. This theory was widely accepted for many centuries, until it was disproven by Louis Pasteur in the mid-19th century.
a) Life originated from other similar organisms or spontaneously:
According to the theory of spontaneous generation, life could arise either from other similar organisms or spontaneously from non-living matter. However, this is not the correct answer as the believers of spontaneous generation did not consider the possibility of life originating from other similar organisms.
b) Life originated only spontaneously:
This is the correct answer. The believers of spontaneous generation argued that life could only originate spontaneously from non-living matter. They believed that under certain conditions, such as the presence of air, moisture, and organic material, life could arise spontaneously.
c) Life originated from similar organisms:
This is not the correct answer. The believers of spontaneous generation did not consider the possibility of life originating from similar organisms. They believed that life could only arise from non-living matter.
d) Life originated from air:
While air was considered to be one of the necessary conditions for spontaneous generation, it was not believed to be the source of life. The believers of spontaneous generation thought that life could originate from the combination of non-living matter, air, and other environmental factors.
In conclusion, the correct answer is option 'B' - the believers of spontaneous generation believed that life originated only spontaneously from non-living matter under certain conditions. However, it's important to note that this theory has been disproven by scientific experiments and observations, and the modern understanding of life's origin is based on the principles of biogenesis, which states that life only arises from pre-existing life.
By studying analogous structures we look for ______.- a)Similarities in appearance but differences in functions
- b)Similarities in appearance and function but different in structure
- c)Similarities in organ structure
- d)Similarities in cell make up
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
By studying analogous structures we look for ______.
a)
Similarities in appearance but differences in functions
b)
Similarities in appearance and function but different in structure
c)
Similarities in organ structure
d)
Similarities in cell make up
|
Lavanya Menon answered |
Analogous organs are those organs which have the same function but are quite different in their fundamental structure and embryonic origin. For example, the wing of an insect and the wing of a bird are analogous organs. Both these organs are used for flying in the air but they re very different in structure. An insect wing is an extension of the integument whereas a bird wing is formed of limb bones covered with flesh, skin, and feathers. Each has evolved from a separate ancestral population as a means of a more efficient mode of locomotion. Similarity developed in distantly related groups as an adaptation for the same function is called analogy or convergent evolution.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Mortality in babies is an example of ______- a)Stabilizing selection
- b)Directional selection
- c)Disruptive selection
- d)Abortion selection
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Mortality in babies is an example of ______
a)
Stabilizing selection
b)
Directional selection
c)
Disruptive selection
d)
Abortion selection
|
EduRev NEET answered |
- Mortality in babies is an example of stabilizing selection.
- It is all depended on the baby’s birth weight.
- The optimum birth weight is 7.3 pounds which favor this selection.
- Newborn infants with less than 5.5 pounds and more than 10 pounds have the highest mortality rate.
Links between organisms that show branching pattern of evolutionary relationships are shown by- a)Phylogenetic trees
- b)Living fossils
- c)Comparative embryology
- d)Two fossil layers
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Links between organisms that show branching pattern of evolutionary relationships are shown by
a)
Phylogenetic trees
b)
Living fossils
c)
Comparative embryology
d)
Two fossil layers
|
|
Krithika Kumar answered |
Phylogenetic trees are diagrams that show the evolutionary relationships between different organisms. They are used to display the branching pattern of evolutionary relationships between organisms. The diagram looks like a tree with branches that represent different groups of organisms. These branches are called clades, and they represent groups of organisms that have descended from a common ancestor.
Phylogenetic trees are constructed based on a variety of data, including:
1. Morphological characteristics: The physical features of organisms, such as their shape, size, and structure.
2. Molecular data: DNA and RNA sequences are used to compare the genetic makeup of different organisms.
3. Fossil records: The study of fossils provides evidence of the evolutionary history of organisms.
Phylogenetic trees are an important tool for understanding the relationships between organisms and how they have evolved over time. They can be used to answer questions about the origins of different species and how they are related to one another.
In conclusion, phylogenetic trees are diagrams that show the branching pattern of evolutionary relationships between organisms. They are constructed based on a variety of data, including morphological characteristics, molecular data, and fossil records. They are an important tool for understanding the evolutionary history of organisms.
Phylogenetic trees are constructed based on a variety of data, including:
1. Morphological characteristics: The physical features of organisms, such as their shape, size, and structure.
2. Molecular data: DNA and RNA sequences are used to compare the genetic makeup of different organisms.
3. Fossil records: The study of fossils provides evidence of the evolutionary history of organisms.
Phylogenetic trees are an important tool for understanding the relationships between organisms and how they have evolved over time. They can be used to answer questions about the origins of different species and how they are related to one another.
In conclusion, phylogenetic trees are diagrams that show the branching pattern of evolutionary relationships between organisms. They are constructed based on a variety of data, including morphological characteristics, molecular data, and fossil records. They are an important tool for understanding the evolutionary history of organisms.
Praying mantis is a good example of- a)Warning colouration
- b)Social insects
- c)Mullerianmimcry
- d)Camouflage
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Praying mantis is a good example of
a)
Warning colouration
b)
Social insects
c)
Mullerianmimcry
d)
Camouflage
|
Stepway Academy answered |
Camouflage is a method to avoid predators from praying by mixing with surroundings. Praying mantis is an example of camouflage.
Which of the following evidences does not favour the Lamarckian concept of inheritance of acquired characters?- a)Lack of pigment in cave-dwelling animals
- b)Melanisation in peppered moth
- c)Absence of limbs in snakes
- d)Presence of webbed toes in aquatic birds
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following evidences does not favour the Lamarckian concept of inheritance of acquired characters?
a)
Lack of pigment in cave-dwelling animals
b)
Melanisation in peppered moth
c)
Absence of limbs in snakes
d)
Presence of webbed toes in aquatic birds
|
|
Priya Menon answered |
According to Lamarckism (proposed by Lamarck), whatever characters an individual acquires in its life time due to internal vital force, effect of environment, new needs, use and disuse of organs, they are inherited to next generations. This process continues and after several generations, the variations are accumulated upto such an extent that they give rise to new species. Melanisation in peppered moth favours Darwin's theory of natural selection.
Evolution of different species in a given area starting from a point and spreading to other geographical areas is known as- a)Migration
- b)Divergent evolution
- c)Adaptive radiation
- d)Natural selection
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Evolution of different species in a given area starting from a point and spreading to other geographical areas is known as
a)
Migration
b)
Divergent evolution
c)
Adaptive radiation
d)
Natural selection
|
|
Mansi Deshpande answered |
Adaptive Radiation:
Adaptive radiation is the evolution of different species in a given area starting from a point and spreading to other geographical areas. It is a type of divergent evolution that occurs when a single ancestral species evolves into many different species to adapt to different ecological niches. The term "adaptive radiation" was coined by the American evolutionary biologist Henry Fairfield Osborn in 1897.
Factors that contribute to adaptive radiation:
1. Ecological opportunity: When new habitats or resources become available, organisms can exploit them and evolve to fill new niches.
2. Morphological innovation: Morphological innovation can allow organisms to exploit new resources or habitats.
3. Competition: Competition for resources can drive organisms to evolve different adaptations, leading to adaptive radiation.
Examples of adaptive radiation:
1. Darwin's finches: The Galápagos Islands are home to a number of different finch species that evolved from a common ancestor. Each species has a specialized beak that allows it to feed on different types of food.
2. Hawaiian honeycreepers: The Hawaiian Islands are home to a diverse group of birds known as honeycreepers. These birds evolved from a single ancestral species and have adapted to different ecological niches on the islands.
3. Australian marsupials: Australia is home to a number of different marsupial species that evolved from a common ancestor. These marsupials have adapted to different ecological niches, such as the kangaroo, koala, and Tasmanian devil.
Conclusion:
Adaptive radiation is an important process in the evolution of new species. It allows organisms to adapt to new environments and resources and can lead to the development of new ecological niches. The study of adaptive radiation can provide insights into the mechanisms of evolution and the factors that contribute to biodiversity.
Adaptive radiation is the evolution of different species in a given area starting from a point and spreading to other geographical areas. It is a type of divergent evolution that occurs when a single ancestral species evolves into many different species to adapt to different ecological niches. The term "adaptive radiation" was coined by the American evolutionary biologist Henry Fairfield Osborn in 1897.
Factors that contribute to adaptive radiation:
1. Ecological opportunity: When new habitats or resources become available, organisms can exploit them and evolve to fill new niches.
2. Morphological innovation: Morphological innovation can allow organisms to exploit new resources or habitats.
3. Competition: Competition for resources can drive organisms to evolve different adaptations, leading to adaptive radiation.
Examples of adaptive radiation:
1. Darwin's finches: The Galápagos Islands are home to a number of different finch species that evolved from a common ancestor. Each species has a specialized beak that allows it to feed on different types of food.
2. Hawaiian honeycreepers: The Hawaiian Islands are home to a diverse group of birds known as honeycreepers. These birds evolved from a single ancestral species and have adapted to different ecological niches on the islands.
3. Australian marsupials: Australia is home to a number of different marsupial species that evolved from a common ancestor. These marsupials have adapted to different ecological niches, such as the kangaroo, koala, and Tasmanian devil.
Conclusion:
Adaptive radiation is an important process in the evolution of new species. It allows organisms to adapt to new environments and resources and can lead to the development of new ecological niches. The study of adaptive radiation can provide insights into the mechanisms of evolution and the factors that contribute to biodiversity.
In the developmental history of mammalian heart, it is observed that it passes through a two chambered fish like heart, three chambered frog like heart and finally four chambered stage
To which hypothesis can this above cited statement be approximated?- a)Lamarck's principle
- b)Mendelian principle
- c)Biogenetic law
- d)Hardy Weinberg law
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
In the developmental history of mammalian heart, it is observed that it passes through a two chambered fish like heart, three chambered frog like heart and finally four chambered stage
To which hypothesis can this above cited statement be approximated?
To which hypothesis can this above cited statement be approximated?
a)
Lamarck's principle
b)
Mendelian principle
c)
Biogenetic law
d)
Hardy Weinberg law
|
Vivek Patel answered |
Biogenetic law or Recapitulation theory was given by Ernst Haeckel in 1866. It states that 'ontogeny repeats phylogeny'. Ontogeny is the life history of an organism while phylogeny is the evolutionary history of the race of that organism. This means that an organism repeats its ancestral history during its development.
What did Charles Darwin conclude from his observations during his voyage on the H.M.S. Beagle?- a)All species were created simultaneously and remain unchanged.
- b)Existing living forms share similarities with life forms from millions of years ago and have evolved gradually.
- c)The earth is only a few thousand years old.
- d)Natural selection does not play a role in evolution.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
All species were created simultaneously and remain unchanged.
b)
Existing living forms share similarities with life forms from millions of years ago and have evolved gradually.
c)
The earth is only a few thousand years old.
d)
Natural selection does not play a role in evolution.
|
|
Shraddha Pillai answered |
Darwin's Observations on the H.M.S. Beagle
Charles Darwin's voyage on the H.M.S. Beagle (1831-1836) was a pivotal moment in the development of his theory of evolution. His extensive observations led him to conclude that:
Evolutionary Change
- Darwin noted that various species exhibited adaptations to their environments, suggesting they were not static but rather dynamic.
- He observed diverse life forms in different geographical locations, particularly in the Galápagos Islands, where he found unique species that were closely related to mainland species but adapted to their specific habitats.
Common Ancestry
- The similarities between species suggested that they shared common ancestors, indicating that life forms have evolved over millions of years through gradual changes.
- Fossils he examined showed a progression of life forms, supporting the idea that living organisms have evolved from earlier ones.
Natural Selection
- Darwin proposed that natural selection is a mechanism driving evolution, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
- This led to the gradual adaptation of species over time, as those traits become more common in a population.
Conclusion
- The conclusion that existing living forms share similarities with ancient life forms and have evolved gradually encapsulates the essence of Darwin’s findings.
- This perspective laid the groundwork for modern evolutionary biology, highlighting the interconnectedness of life and the processes that shape it.
In summary, Darwin’s observations during his voyage led him to understand that species evolve over time, influenced by their environment and through natural selection, fundamentally reshaping our understanding of life on Earth.
Charles Darwin's voyage on the H.M.S. Beagle (1831-1836) was a pivotal moment in the development of his theory of evolution. His extensive observations led him to conclude that:
Evolutionary Change
- Darwin noted that various species exhibited adaptations to their environments, suggesting they were not static but rather dynamic.
- He observed diverse life forms in different geographical locations, particularly in the Galápagos Islands, where he found unique species that were closely related to mainland species but adapted to their specific habitats.
Common Ancestry
- The similarities between species suggested that they shared common ancestors, indicating that life forms have evolved over millions of years through gradual changes.
- Fossils he examined showed a progression of life forms, supporting the idea that living organisms have evolved from earlier ones.
Natural Selection
- Darwin proposed that natural selection is a mechanism driving evolution, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
- This led to the gradual adaptation of species over time, as those traits become more common in a population.
Conclusion
- The conclusion that existing living forms share similarities with ancient life forms and have evolved gradually encapsulates the essence of Darwin’s findings.
- This perspective laid the groundwork for modern evolutionary biology, highlighting the interconnectedness of life and the processes that shape it.
In summary, Darwin’s observations during his voyage led him to understand that species evolve over time, influenced by their environment and through natural selection, fundamentally reshaping our understanding of life on Earth.
Assertion: The earliest organisms that appeared on the earth were non-green and presumably anaerobes.Reason: The first autotrophic organisms were the chemo-autotrophs that never released oxygen.- a)Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion
- b)Assertion is true statement but Reason is false
- c)Both Assertion and Reason are false statements
- d)Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Assertion: The earliest organisms that appeared on the earth were non-green and presumably anaerobes.
Reason: The first autotrophic organisms were the chemo-autotrophs that never released oxygen.
a)
Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion
b)
Assertion is true statement but Reason is false
c)
Both Assertion and Reason are false statements
d)
Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion
|
|
Gaurav Kumar answered |
The earliest organisms that appeared on the earth were non-green and presumably anaerobes. The first autotrophic organisms were the chemo-autotrophs that never released oxygen. Both the statements are correct but reason does not explain the assertion.
Common origin of man and chimpanzee is best shown by- a)Chromosomes
- b)Cranial capacity
- c)Dental formula
- d)Binocular vision
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Common origin of man and chimpanzee is best shown by
a)
Chromosomes
b)
Cranial capacity
c)
Dental formula
d)
Binocular vision
|
Rachana Rachana answered |
From ramapithicus to homosapiens all have 46 chromosomes except the person who suffers from down's syndrome and klintifer syndrome
Read the following statements carefully and select the correct ones
(i) Alfred Wallace, a naturalist who worked in Malay Archipelago had also come to similar conclusions as Darwin around the same time
(ii) August Weismann by careful experimentation demonstrated that life comes only from pre-existing life.
(iii) The organs which have the same fundamental structure but are different in functions are called homologous organs
(iv) Rate of appearance' of new. form is inversely proportional to life span of organism- a)(i) and (iii)
- b)(i) and (ii)
- c)(ii) and (iv)
- d)(iii) and (iv)
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Read the following statements carefully and select the correct ones
(i) Alfred Wallace, a naturalist who worked in Malay Archipelago had also come to similar conclusions as Darwin around the same time
(ii) August Weismann by careful experimentation demonstrated that life comes only from pre-existing life.
(iii) The organs which have the same fundamental structure but are different in functions are called homologous organs
(iv) Rate of appearance' of new. form is inversely proportional to life span of organism
(i) Alfred Wallace, a naturalist who worked in Malay Archipelago had also come to similar conclusions as Darwin around the same time
(ii) August Weismann by careful experimentation demonstrated that life comes only from pre-existing life.
(iii) The organs which have the same fundamental structure but are different in functions are called homologous organs
(iv) Rate of appearance' of new. form is inversely proportional to life span of organism
a)
(i) and (iii)
b)
(i) and (ii)
c)
(ii) and (iv)
d)
(iii) and (iv)
|
|
Meera Singh answered |
Louis Pasteur by careful experimentation demonstrated that life comes only from pre-existing life. Rate of appearance of new forms is directly proportional to life span of organism. Microbes that divide fast evolve fast. For same process to occur in fish or fowl will take million of years.
Which one of the following phenomena supports Darwin's concept of natural selection in organic evolution?- a)Development of transgenic animals
- b)Production of 'Dolly', the sheep by cloning
- c)Prevalence of pesticide resistant insects
- d)Development of organs from 'stem cells' for organ transplantation
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following phenomena supports Darwin's concept of natural selection in organic evolution?
a)
Development of transgenic animals
b)
Production of 'Dolly', the sheep by cloning
c)
Prevalence of pesticide resistant insects
d)
Development of organs from 'stem cells' for organ transplantation
|
|
Vivek Patel answered |
Prevalence of pesticide resistant insects supports natural selection theory, e.g., DDT was thought to be an effective insecticide against household pests (like mosquitoes, houseflies, body lice, etc.) in 1945. But, within 2 to 3 years of its introduction, new DDT resistant mosquitoes appeared in the population. These mutant strains, soon became well established in the population by natural selection and thus replaced the original DDT - sensitive mosquitoes.
Darwinism explains all the following except- a)off spring with better traits that over come competition are best suited for the environment
- b)variations may or may not be inherited from parents to offspring through genes
- c)within each species, there are variations
- d)organisms tend to produce more number of offspring than can survive
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Darwinism explains all the following except
a)
off spring with better traits that over come competition are best suited for the environment
b)
variations may or may not be inherited from parents to offspring through genes
c)
within each species, there are variations
d)
organisms tend to produce more number of offspring than can survive
|
|
Preeti Iyer answered |
The main drawback of Darwinism is lack of knowledge of heredity. Darwin's theory could not explain the inheritance of variations from parents to off springs through genes.
Which one of the following describes correctly the homologous structures?- a)Organs with anatomical similarities, but performing different functions
- b)Organs with anatomical dissimilarities, but performing same function
- c)Organs that have no function now, but had important function in ancestors
- d)Organs appearing only in embryonic stage and disappearing later in the adult
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which one of the following describes correctly the homologous structures?
a)
Organs with anatomical similarities, but performing different functions
b)
Organs with anatomical dissimilarities, but performing same function
c)
Organs that have no function now, but had important function in ancestors
d)
Organs appearing only in embryonic stage and disappearing later in the adult
|
|
Meera Singh answered |
Homologous organs have a common origin and are built on the same basic pattern but perform different functions and are modified accordingly.
At what temperature was the flask maintained in Miller’s experiment?- a)900°C
- b)600°C
- c)700°C
- d)800°C
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
At what temperature was the flask maintained in Miller’s experiment?
a)
900°C
b)
600°C
c)
700°C
d)
800°C
|
Ambition Institute answered |
- It was at 800°C in which the flask was maintained along with electric discharge.
- A moderately high temperature was required to keep the flask sterilized.
- Thus, creating amino acids as the product.
Primitive atmosphere was made up of the mixture of : [CPMT 81]- a)Oxygen, ammonia, methane, water
- b)Hydrogen, ammonia, methane, oxygen
- c)Hydrogen, steam, methane, ammonia
- d)Oxygen, methane, water, nickel
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Primitive atmosphere was made up of the mixture of :
[CPMT 81]
a)
Oxygen, ammonia, methane, water
b)
Hydrogen, ammonia, methane, oxygen
c)
Hydrogen, steam, methane, ammonia
d)
Oxygen, methane, water, nickel
|
Anirudh Datta answered |
The primitive atmosphere of earth was reducing atmosphere with little or no oxygen but was rich in water vapour, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and hydrogen. Thus, oxygen was not present in primitive atmosphere. The high temperature, UV light and lightening provided energy for chemical reactions between hydrogen and free oxygen, nitrogen and carbon to form, ammonia, methane and cyanides. Owing to the high temperature of earth, water was present in form of superheated steam and ammonia, methane and cyanides were present in gaseous form.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Evolution is a ______ process.- a)quick
- b)stochastic
- c)slow
- d)fast
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Evolution is a ______ process.
a)
quick
b)
stochastic
c)
slow
d)
fast
|
|
Ishaan Banerjee answered |
Evolution is a stochastic process.
Definition of Evolution
Evolution refers to the gradual change in the inherited characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. It is a fundamental process in biology that drives the diversity of life on Earth. The theory of evolution, proposed by Charles Darwin, explains how species adapt and change over time through the mechanisms of natural selection, genetic mutation, and genetic drift.
The Stochastic Nature of Evolution
Evolution is considered a stochastic process. Stochastic refers to a process that involves randomness or probability. In the context of evolution, this means that the changes that occur in a population's genetic makeup are not predetermined or predictable, but rather influenced by random events and chance.
Natural Selection and Stochasticity
Natural selection is one of the main driving forces of evolution. It acts on the variation present in a population and favors individuals with traits that increase their chances of survival and reproduction. While natural selection is a deterministic process, the variation on which it acts is largely stochastic.
Genetic Mutation and Stochasticity
Genetic mutation is another important mechanism of evolution. Mutations are random changes in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome. These mutations can introduce new genetic variation into a population, which can then be subjected to natural selection. The occurrence of mutations is random and unpredictable, making it a stochastic process.
Genetic Drift and Stochasticity
Genetic drift is a stochastic process that occurs due to random fluctuations in the frequencies of different genotypes within a population. It is particularly pronounced in small populations, where chance events can have a significant impact on the genetic makeup of the population over time. Genetic drift can lead to the loss of genetic diversity or the fixation of certain alleles within a population.
Conclusion
In conclusion, evolution is a stochastic process because it involves random events and chance. Natural selection, genetic mutation, and genetic drift are all stochastic mechanisms that contribute to the evolution of species. Understanding the stochastic nature of evolution is crucial for comprehending the complexity and diversity of life on Earth.
Definition of Evolution
Evolution refers to the gradual change in the inherited characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. It is a fundamental process in biology that drives the diversity of life on Earth. The theory of evolution, proposed by Charles Darwin, explains how species adapt and change over time through the mechanisms of natural selection, genetic mutation, and genetic drift.
The Stochastic Nature of Evolution
Evolution is considered a stochastic process. Stochastic refers to a process that involves randomness or probability. In the context of evolution, this means that the changes that occur in a population's genetic makeup are not predetermined or predictable, but rather influenced by random events and chance.
Natural Selection and Stochasticity
Natural selection is one of the main driving forces of evolution. It acts on the variation present in a population and favors individuals with traits that increase their chances of survival and reproduction. While natural selection is a deterministic process, the variation on which it acts is largely stochastic.
Genetic Mutation and Stochasticity
Genetic mutation is another important mechanism of evolution. Mutations are random changes in the DNA sequence of an organism's genome. These mutations can introduce new genetic variation into a population, which can then be subjected to natural selection. The occurrence of mutations is random and unpredictable, making it a stochastic process.
Genetic Drift and Stochasticity
Genetic drift is a stochastic process that occurs due to random fluctuations in the frequencies of different genotypes within a population. It is particularly pronounced in small populations, where chance events can have a significant impact on the genetic makeup of the population over time. Genetic drift can lead to the loss of genetic diversity or the fixation of certain alleles within a population.
Conclusion
In conclusion, evolution is a stochastic process because it involves random events and chance. Natural selection, genetic mutation, and genetic drift are all stochastic mechanisms that contribute to the evolution of species. Understanding the stochastic nature of evolution is crucial for comprehending the complexity and diversity of life on Earth.
Industrial melanism was highlighted in:- a)Triticum aestivum
- b)Biston Betularia
- c)Rock python
- d)Mimosa pudica
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Industrial melanism was highlighted in:
a)
Triticum aestivum
b)
Biston Betularia
c)
Rock python
d)
Mimosa pudica
|
Lead Academy answered |
- The peppered moth Biston betularia is also a model of parallel evolution in the incidence of melanism in the British form (f. carbonaria) and the American form (f. swettaria) as they are indistinguishable in appearance.
- Genetic analysis indicates that both phenotypes are inherited as autosomal dominants.
Hence the correct option is "B"
Picture shown below is example of:-
- a)Convergent evolution of Australian marsupials and placental mammals
- b)Homologous organs of both animals
- c)Divergent evolution of Australian marsupials and placental mammals
- d)Analogous organs of both animals
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Picture shown below is example of:-
a)
Convergent evolution of Australian marsupials and placental mammals
b)
Homologous organs of both animals
c)
Divergent evolution of Australian marsupials and placental mammals
d)
Analogous organs of both animals
|
Dipanjan Chawla answered |
Wolf and Tasmania Wolf are examples of convergent evolution of placental mammals and Australian marsupials. They are evolved differently due to different in climatic and geographic regions.
Statement I: When more than one adaptive radiation appeared in isolated geographical area it called a convergent evolution.
Statement II: Bats and birds are example of adaptive radiation.
Statement III: Tiger cat, kangaroo, wombat and sugar gliders are example of Australian marsupials.- a)Statement I and II is correct
- b)Statement I and III is correct
- c)Statement II and III is correct
- d)All statements are correct
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Statement I: When more than one adaptive radiation appeared in isolated geographical area it called a convergent evolution.
Statement II: Bats and birds are example of adaptive radiation.
Statement III: Tiger cat, kangaroo, wombat and sugar gliders are example of Australian marsupials.
Statement II: Bats and birds are example of adaptive radiation.
Statement III: Tiger cat, kangaroo, wombat and sugar gliders are example of Australian marsupials.
a)
Statement I and II is correct
b)
Statement I and III is correct
c)
Statement II and III is correct
d)
All statements are correct
|
|
Saurabh Pratap Singh answered |
Statement (1) is as it is given in Ncert , means when to adaptive radiation occurs simultaneously in an isolated geographical area it becomes convergent evolution.for eg.adaptive radiation in placental mammals divergent evolution and adaptI've radiation in marsupoals is divergent evolution , but together , it show convergent evolution
and in option (3) these all are examples of adaptive radiation in marsupials
but 2nd is wrong
and in option (3) these all are examples of adaptive radiation in marsupials
but 2nd is wrong
Which of the following is not an example of placental mammals?- a)Mole
- b)Tasmanian tiger cat
- c)Mouse
- d)Anteater
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is not an example of placental mammals?
a)
Mole
b)
Tasmanian tiger cat
c)
Mouse
d)
Anteater
|
|
Stepway Academy answered |
Tasmanian tiger cat belongs to Australian marsupials. The remaining options belong to placental mammals. The Tasmanian tiger cat resembles bobcat of placental mammals. They show convergent evolution.
Which of the following factors influence the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
i. Gene migration
ii. Genetic drift
iii. Mutation
iv. Reproduction
v. Genetic recombination- a)Only iii, iv and v
- b)Only ii, iii, and iv
- c)Only i, ii, iii and v
- d)Only i, ii, iii and iv
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following factors influence the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
i. Gene migration
ii. Genetic drift
iii. Mutation
iv. Reproduction
v. Genetic recombination
i. Gene migration
ii. Genetic drift
iii. Mutation
iv. Reproduction
v. Genetic recombination
a)
Only iii, iv and v
b)
Only ii, iii, and iv
c)
Only i, ii, iii and v
d)
Only i, ii, iii and iv
|
|
Awantika Gupta answered |
Which ape is closely related to the man?- a)Orangutan
- b)Chimpanzee
- c)Gibbon
- d)Gorilla
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which ape is closely related to the man?
a)
Orangutan
b)
Chimpanzee
c)
Gibbon
d)
Gorilla
|
|
Lead Academy answered |
- Chimpanzee is closely related to man. DNA content and DNA matching are the same in both.
- This similarity is more than 99% with chimpanzee whereas 94% with a gibbon.
Which of the following does not belong to the Hardy Weinberg principle?- a)Frequency remained fixed through generations
- b)Used algebraic equations
- c)Allele frequency varies from species
- d)Gene pool remains a constan
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following does not belong to the Hardy Weinberg principle?
a)
Frequency remained fixed through generations
b)
Used algebraic equations
c)
Allele frequency varies from species
d)
Gene pool remains a constan
|
Suresh Iyer answered |
Allele frequencies does not vary from species to species. In a population, the frequency always remains fixed or constant according to Hardy Weinberg principle. The alleles and total genes in any population remain constant and hence stable.
How many factors affect the Hardy Weinberg principle?- a)Six
- b)Four
- c)Seven
- d)Five
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
How many factors affect the Hardy Weinberg principle?
a)
Six
b)
Four
c)
Seven
d)
Five
|
Harsh Chauhan answered |
Factors affecting the Hardy-Weinberg principle:
- Mutation: Mutations introduce new alleles into a population, which can disrupt the equilibrium predicted by the Hardy-Weinberg principle.
- Gene flow: The movement of alleles between populations can alter allele frequencies and disrupt the genetic equilibrium.
- Genetic drift: Random changes in allele frequencies due to chance events can lead to deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
- Non-random mating: If individuals preferentially choose mates with specific traits, it can lead to changes in allele frequencies and disrupt the principle.
- Natural selection: Differential survival and reproduction of individuals with certain genotypes can also cause deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
Each of these factors plays a role in shaping the genetic composition of populations and can lead to deviations from the predictions of the Hardy-Weinberg principle. Understanding and considering these factors is crucial in studying population genetics and evolution.
Gene drift occurs when gene migration occurs ______- a)by chance
- b)spontaneously
- c)slowly
- d)due to disaster
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Gene drift occurs when gene migration occurs ______
a)
by chance
b)
spontaneously
c)
slowly
d)
due to disaster
|
Jyoti Sengupta answered |
Gene flow occurs when gene migration occurs many or multiple times. When this occurs by a chance, a process called gene drift occurs. It cannot occur spontaneously, slowly or due to a disaster.
Which of the following factors contribute to changes in gene and allele frequencies, leading to speciation?
Gene migration or gene flow
Genetic drift
Mutation
Genetic recombination
Natural selection- a)1, 2, 3, and 5 are correct
- b)1, 3, and 4 are correct
- c)2, 4, and 5 are correct
- d)1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are correct
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Gene migration or gene flow
Genetic drift
Mutation
Genetic recombination
Natural selection
a)
1, 2, 3, and 5 are correct
b)
1, 3, and 4 are correct
c)
2, 4, and 5 are correct
d)
1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are correct
|
Infinity Academy answered |
Gene migration or gene flow (1) involves the movement of genes between populations, affecting gene frequencies.
Genetic drift (2) refers to random changes in gene frequencies due to chance events, especially in small populations.
Mutation (3) introduces new genetic variations that can alter gene frequencies.
Genetic recombination (4) during gametogenesis creates new combinations of alleles, influencing genetic diversity.
Natural selection (5) acts on heritable traits, enhancing reproductive success and influencing the frequency of advantageous alleles in future generations.
All these factors contribute to changes in allele frequencies and can lead to speciation over time.
Genetic drift (2) refers to random changes in gene frequencies due to chance events, especially in small populations.
Mutation (3) introduces new genetic variations that can alter gene frequencies.
Genetic recombination (4) during gametogenesis creates new combinations of alleles, influencing genetic diversity.
Natural selection (5) acts on heritable traits, enhancing reproductive success and influencing the frequency of advantageous alleles in future generations.
All these factors contribute to changes in allele frequencies and can lead to speciation over time.
Which of the following is true?- a)Wings of birds and insects are homologous organs.
- b)Human hands and wings of birds are analogous organs.
- c)Human hands and wings of bats are analogous organs.
- d)Flipper of seal and wings of birds are homologous organs.
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is true?
a)
Wings of birds and insects are homologous organs.
b)
Human hands and wings of birds are analogous organs.
c)
Human hands and wings of bats are analogous organs.
d)
Flipper of seal and wings of birds are homologous organs.
|
|
Suresh Iyer answered |
Flipper of seal and wing of birds are modified forelimbs, thus, have same fundamental structure but have different functions. Flippers are meant for swimming and wings are meant for flying. Therefore, these organs are homologous oroans.
Industrial melanism is an example of -- a)Mutation
- b)Natural selection
- c)Neo Darwinism
- d)Neo Lamarckism
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Industrial melanism is an example of -
a)
Mutation
b)
Natural selection
c)
Neo Darwinism
d)
Neo Lamarckism
|
|
EduRev NEET answered |
Natural selection is the most widely accepted theory concerning the principal causal mechanism of evolutionary change profounded by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace. It results from the differential reproduction (some members of a population produce abundant offspring, some only a few and still others none), one phenotype as compared with other phenotypes in the same population. This determines the relative share of different genotypes which individuals possess and propagate in a population. Industrial melanism supports evolution by natural selection. It is an adaptation where the moths living in the industrial areas developed melanin pigments to match their bodies to the tree trunks.
What was the result of S.L. Miller's 1953 experiment?- a)Proved the theory of panspermia
- b)Formation of amino acids under simulated early Earth conditions
- c)Discovery of DNA
- d)Disproved the Big Bang theory
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
a)
Proved the theory of panspermia
b)
Formation of amino acids under simulated early Earth conditions
c)
Discovery of DNA
d)
Disproved the Big Bang theory
|
|
Ananya Chauhan answered |
Overview of S.L. Miller's 1953 Experiment
In 1953, Stanley Miller conducted a groundbreaking experiment that simulated the conditions thought to resemble those of early Earth. This experiment was pivotal in understanding the origins of life.
Key Objectives
- To investigate the possibility of synthesizing organic compounds under prebiotic conditions.
- To explore the formation of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.
Experimental Setup
- Miller used a closed apparatus containing water, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen.
- He subjected these gases to electrical sparks to simulate lightning, creating energy that could drive chemical reactions.
Results
- After one week of continuous sparking, Miller analyzed the mixture and discovered several organic compounds.
- Notably, he identified amino acids such as glycine and alanine, which are essential components of proteins.
Significance of Findings
- Miller's experiment demonstrated that the basic building blocks of life could form from simple inorganic compounds under conditions similar to those of early Earth.
- It provided strong support for the hypothesis that organic molecules could develop spontaneously, contributing to the theory of abiogenesis.
Conclusion
- The correct answer to the question regarding Miller's experiment is option 'B', as it successfully showed the formation of amino acids under simulated early Earth conditions.
- This experiment laid the foundation for future research into the origins of life and the biochemical processes that may have led to the emergence of living organisms on Earth.
In 1953, Stanley Miller conducted a groundbreaking experiment that simulated the conditions thought to resemble those of early Earth. This experiment was pivotal in understanding the origins of life.
Key Objectives
- To investigate the possibility of synthesizing organic compounds under prebiotic conditions.
- To explore the formation of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.
Experimental Setup
- Miller used a closed apparatus containing water, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen.
- He subjected these gases to electrical sparks to simulate lightning, creating energy that could drive chemical reactions.
Results
- After one week of continuous sparking, Miller analyzed the mixture and discovered several organic compounds.
- Notably, he identified amino acids such as glycine and alanine, which are essential components of proteins.
Significance of Findings
- Miller's experiment demonstrated that the basic building blocks of life could form from simple inorganic compounds under conditions similar to those of early Earth.
- It provided strong support for the hypothesis that organic molecules could develop spontaneously, contributing to the theory of abiogenesis.
Conclusion
- The correct answer to the question regarding Miller's experiment is option 'B', as it successfully showed the formation of amino acids under simulated early Earth conditions.
- This experiment laid the foundation for future research into the origins of life and the biochemical processes that may have led to the emergence of living organisms on Earth.
The following are some major events in the early history of life
P. First heterotrophic prokaryotes
Q. First genes
R. First eukaryotes
S. First autotrophic prokaryotes
T. First animals
Which option below places these events in the correct order?
- a)PQSRT
- b)QSPTR
- c)QPSRT
- d)QSPRT
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
The following are some major events in the early history of life
P. First heterotrophic prokaryotes
Q. First genes
R. First eukaryotes
S. First autotrophic prokaryotes
T. First animals
Which option below places these events in the correct order?
P. First heterotrophic prokaryotes
Q. First genes
R. First eukaryotes
S. First autotrophic prokaryotes
T. First animals
Which option below places these events in the correct order?
a)
PQSRT
b)
QSPTR
c)
QPSRT
d)
QSPRT
|
|
Meera Singh answered |
Organisms have evolved from simpler forms to complex form. Hence the order of the events are genes first, then heterotrophic prokaryotes, then autotrophic prokaryotes, then eukaryotes and then animals.
Which theory explains the origin of universe?- a)Molecular theory
- b)Darwin theory
- c)Lamarck theory
- d)Big bang theory
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which theory explains the origin of universe?
a)
Molecular theory
b)
Darwin theory
c)
Lamarck theory
d)
Big bang theory
|
Nayanika Reddy answered |
Origin of universe is explained by big bang theory. According to this theory, whole universe was concentrated into single sphere. Due to same unknown region, there was explosion in it that forms different galaxies still moving away from each other.
The difference between Homo sapiens and the Homo erectus was ____.- a)Homo erectus was much smaller in size than Homo sapiens
- b)Homo sapiens originated in Africa while Homo erectus was in Asia
- c)Homo erectus stayed in Africa while Homo sapiens did not
- d)The size of their brain of Homo erectus was smaller to homo sapiens
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
The difference between Homo sapiens and the Homo erectus was ____.
a)
Homo erectus was much smaller in size than Homo sapiens
b)
Homo sapiens originated in Africa while Homo erectus was in Asia
c)
Homo erectus stayed in Africa while Homo sapiens did not
d)
The size of their brain of Homo erectus was smaller to homo sapiens
|
Jhanvi Menon answered |
The correct answer is option 'D': The size of their brain of Homo erectus was smaller than that of Homo sapiens.
Explanation:
Homo sapiens and Homo erectus are two distinct species of hominins that lived during different periods of human evolution. There are several differences between these two species, but one of the most significant differences lies in the size of their brains.
1. Homo erectus:
- Homo erectus is an extinct species of hominin that lived from about 1.9 million years ago to about 143,000 years ago.
- They had a relatively larger cranial capacity compared to earlier hominins, but their brain size was still smaller than that of Homo sapiens.
- The average cranial capacity of Homo erectus was about 900 to 1100 cubic centimeters.
- Homo erectus is known for its robust physical features, including a thick skull, prominent brow ridges, and a long, low skull shape.
2. Homo sapiens:
- Homo sapiens, also known as anatomically modern humans, emerged around 300,000 years ago and are the only surviving species of hominins.
- They have a significantly larger brain size compared to Homo erectus.
- The average cranial capacity of Homo sapiens is about 1200 to 1600 cubic centimeters.
- Homo sapiens have a more rounded skull shape and less pronounced brow ridges compared to earlier hominins.
Importance of brain size:
- The size of the brain is often correlated with cognitive abilities, such as problem-solving, language, and complex social interactions.
- A larger brain size generally indicates a higher level of cognitive development and intelligence.
- The increase in brain size throughout human evolution is believed to be associated with the development of complex behaviors and cultural advancements.
In summary, the main difference between Homo sapiens and Homo erectus is that the size of the brain of Homo erectus was smaller compared to that of Homo sapiens.
Explanation:
Homo sapiens and Homo erectus are two distinct species of hominins that lived during different periods of human evolution. There are several differences between these two species, but one of the most significant differences lies in the size of their brains.
1. Homo erectus:
- Homo erectus is an extinct species of hominin that lived from about 1.9 million years ago to about 143,000 years ago.
- They had a relatively larger cranial capacity compared to earlier hominins, but their brain size was still smaller than that of Homo sapiens.
- The average cranial capacity of Homo erectus was about 900 to 1100 cubic centimeters.
- Homo erectus is known for its robust physical features, including a thick skull, prominent brow ridges, and a long, low skull shape.
2. Homo sapiens:
- Homo sapiens, also known as anatomically modern humans, emerged around 300,000 years ago and are the only surviving species of hominins.
- They have a significantly larger brain size compared to Homo erectus.
- The average cranial capacity of Homo sapiens is about 1200 to 1600 cubic centimeters.
- Homo sapiens have a more rounded skull shape and less pronounced brow ridges compared to earlier hominins.
Importance of brain size:
- The size of the brain is often correlated with cognitive abilities, such as problem-solving, language, and complex social interactions.
- A larger brain size generally indicates a higher level of cognitive development and intelligence.
- The increase in brain size throughout human evolution is believed to be associated with the development of complex behaviors and cultural advancements.
In summary, the main difference between Homo sapiens and Homo erectus is that the size of the brain of Homo erectus was smaller compared to that of Homo sapiens.
Who demonstrated that life originated from pre-existing cells?- a)Louis Pasteur
- b)Hugo de Vries
- c)Charles Darwin
- d)Stanley Miller
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Who demonstrated that life originated from pre-existing cells?
a)
Louis Pasteur
b)
Hugo de Vries
c)
Charles Darwin
d)
Stanley Miller
|
|
EduRev NEET answered |
- Louis Pasteur in his swan neck flask experiment, found out that life originated from pre-existing life.
- He prepared sterilized syrup of sugar and later killed yeast by boiling them in flasks.
Theory of 'Saltations' was given by - a)G Mendel
- b)Hugo de Vries
- c)J B S Haldane
- d)H J Miller
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Theory of 'Saltations' was given by
a)
G Mendel
b)
Hugo de Vries
c)
J B S Haldane
d)
H J Miller
|
|
Shanaya Basak answered |
Introduction to the Theory of Saltations
The Theory of Saltations, proposed by Hugo de Vries, significantly contributed to the understanding of evolution and genetic variation. De Vries introduced this concept in the early 20th century, challenging the gradualism of Darwinian evolution.
Key Concepts of Saltation Theory
- Definition of Saltation:
Saltation refers to sudden and large evolutionary changes, as opposed to gradual changes over time.
- Mutation as a Driver:
De Vries emphasized mutations as the primary mechanism of saltation, suggesting that new species can arise rapidly due to significant genetic changes.
- Experiments with Evening Primrose:
De Vries conducted experiments on *Oenothera lamarckiana* (evening primrose) to observe how mutations could lead to new forms, supporting his theory.
Impact on Evolutionary Biology
- Revolutionized Understanding:
Saltation theory provided an alternative view to Darwin's gradualism, leading to discussions about the pace of evolutionary change.
- Foundation for Modern Genetics:
De Vries' work laid the groundwork for the field of genetics, influencing later researchers like J.B.S. Haldane and others who explored genetic variations in populations.
Conclusion
Hugo de Vries' Theory of Saltations highlights the importance of mutations in the evolutionary process, offering a perspective that complements traditional evolutionary theories. Understanding this theory is crucial for comprehending the mechanisms of evolution, especially in the context of genetic diversity and speciation.
The Theory of Saltations, proposed by Hugo de Vries, significantly contributed to the understanding of evolution and genetic variation. De Vries introduced this concept in the early 20th century, challenging the gradualism of Darwinian evolution.
Key Concepts of Saltation Theory
- Definition of Saltation:
Saltation refers to sudden and large evolutionary changes, as opposed to gradual changes over time.
- Mutation as a Driver:
De Vries emphasized mutations as the primary mechanism of saltation, suggesting that new species can arise rapidly due to significant genetic changes.
- Experiments with Evening Primrose:
De Vries conducted experiments on *Oenothera lamarckiana* (evening primrose) to observe how mutations could lead to new forms, supporting his theory.
Impact on Evolutionary Biology
- Revolutionized Understanding:
Saltation theory provided an alternative view to Darwin's gradualism, leading to discussions about the pace of evolutionary change.
- Foundation for Modern Genetics:
De Vries' work laid the groundwork for the field of genetics, influencing later researchers like J.B.S. Haldane and others who explored genetic variations in populations.
Conclusion
Hugo de Vries' Theory of Saltations highlights the importance of mutations in the evolutionary process, offering a perspective that complements traditional evolutionary theories. Understanding this theory is crucial for comprehending the mechanisms of evolution, especially in the context of genetic diversity and speciation.
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