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Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - UPSC MCQ


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15 Questions MCQ Test Science & Technology for UPSC CSE - Carbon & its Compounds - 2

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Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 1

Which of the following represents the saponification reaction ?

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 1

The saponification reaction is the hydrolysis of an ester in the presence of a strong base (such as NaOH) to produce a carboxylate salt (soap) and an alcohol.

Option D:

This correctly represents saponification, where an ester reacts with NaOH to form a salt of the acid and an alcohol.

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 2

Ethanol, on heating at 443 K with conc H2S04 gives

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 2

When ethanol is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid at 443 K, dehydration takes place and ethene is formed. In this reaction concentrated sulphuric acid acts as a dehydrating agent.
CH3-CH2-OH → (H2SO4 + heat) → CH2=CH2 + H2O

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 3

Which among the following are unsaturated hydrocarbons ?
(i) H3C -CH2-CH2-CH
(ii) H3C -C = C-CH
(iii) 
(iv) 

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 3

Compounds made of carbon and hydrogen that contain double or triple bonds are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons.

  • Examples of unsaturated hydrocarbons include those with alkenes (double bonds) and alkynes (triple bonds).
Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 4

The blindness and death is caused by consuming adulterated liquor contains.

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 4

Methanol causes blindness and even death. It is also known as denatured alcohol.

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 5

The first member of alkyne homologous series is

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 5

The smallest alkyne contains two carbon atoms with a triple bond between them.

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 6

The alcoholic drinks contain

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 6

CH3CH2OH is present in alcoholic drinks. It is known as ethanol which is prepared by fermentation of sugar (molasses).

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 7

Which of the following is not a straight chain hydrocarbon ?

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 7

 

- Straight chain compounds are one of the types of isomers of organic compounds in which there is no substituent attached on the parent hydrocarbon chain.
- Let’s have a look at the given compounds in the question.
- First compound is,

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- Now, we need to count the total number of carbon atoms present in this compound. The total number of carbon atoms present in this compound is five. Also, the longest continuous hydrocarbon chain present in the compound is pentane only. There are no substituents attached on the chain. Therefore, this is a straight chain compound.
- Second compound is,

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- In this compound, the total number of carbon atoms is six and but, the longest continuous hydrocarbon chain is pentane. There is one methyl substituent attached to the second carbon atom in the chain. Therefore, this compound is not a straight chain compound. This compound is a branched chain compound, iso-hexane.
- Third compound is,

- In this compound, the total number of carbon atoms is six and also, the longest continuous hydrocarbon chain is hexane. There are no substituents attached on the chain. Therefore, this compound is a straight chain compound, n-hexane.
- Fourth compound is,

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- In this compound, the total number of carbon atoms is six and also, the longest continuous hydrocarbon chain is hexane. There are no substituents attached on the chain. Therefore, this compound is a straight chain compound, n-hexane.
- Therefore, compound (B) iso-hexane is not a straight chain compound.

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Therefore, the correct option is option (d).

Note:
Don’t get confused that the term ‘straight’ indicates the number of carbon present in one line. That is a common mistake. Straight chain means number of carbon atoms forming a long continuous chain. It can be represented in many ways, zig-zag, or vertically, or horizontally, etc. Be thorough with this minor concept.

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 8

Ethanol reacts with Na metal to form

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 8

Ethanol reacts with sodium metal to produce:

  • C2H5OH (ethanol) reacts with sodium (Na).
  • This reaction forms C2H5ONa (sodium ethoxide).
  • Additionally, H2 (hydrogen gas) is released.

The chemical equation is:

C2H5OH + Na → C2H5ONa + H2

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 9

Which of the following does not belong to the same homologous series ?

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 9

Compounds (a), (b) and (c) are saturated hydrocarbons but compound (d) is unsaturated. Compounds of the same homologous series have the same general formula.

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 10

The heteroatoms present in
CH3—CH2—O—CH2—CH2Cl are
(i) oxygen
(ii) carbon
(iii) hydrogen
(iv) chlorine

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 10

The atoms other than hydrogen and carbon are called heteroatoms.

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 11

Carbon forms four covalent bonds by sharing its four valence electrons with four univalent atoms, e.g., hydrogen. After the formation of four bonds, carbon attains the electronic configuration of

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 11

After sharing four electrons with four univalent atoms, carbon has 6 + 4 = 10 electrons.
Neon also contains 10 electrons

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 12

Vinegar is a solution of

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 12

Vinegar is a diluted solution of acetic acid in water. It’s composition is 5% - 8% of acetic acid in water.

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 13

The name of the compound CH3 - CH2 - CHO is

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 13

It contains a total of three carbon atoms with an aldehyde group. Propane + al = propanal.

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 14

Ethanol reacts with sodium and forms two products. These are

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 14

The equation for the reaction between sodium and ethanol can be written as:


2CH3​CH2​OH+2Na→2CH3​CH2​ONa+H2​


Therefore, the products formed are sodium ethoxide and hydrogen

Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 15

Mineral acids are stronger acids than carboxylic acids because
(i) mineral acids are completely ionised.
(ii) carboxylic acids are completely ionised.
(iii) mineral acids are partially ionised.
(iv) carboxylic acids are partially ionised.

Detailed Solution for Carbon & its Compounds - 2 - Question 15

It is well known that mineral acids are completely ionised while carboxylic acids are partially ionised

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