Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 20th July 2024 - UPSC MCQ

Statement-I is correct as the mound-burial system of the Ahom dynasty in Assam is indeed referred to as Moidams. However, Statement-II is correct because the Ahom rulers adopt the Hindu method of cremation for burial after the 18th century; instead, they continued with the mound-burial system. Thus, while Statement-I is accurate, Statement-II is also accurate, but not correct explanation of statement I making Option C the correct answer.

Article 361 of the Indian Constitution grants immunity to the Governor of a State, protecting them from legal proceedings during their term in office. This immunity covers both criminal and civil proceedings, ensuring that the Governor is not answerable to any court for acts done in the course of their duties.

1. KeBugCheck API - Acts like a fire alarm to halt the system to prevent damage.
- Correct: The KeBugCheck API is indeed used to halt the system to prevent damage when an unrecoverable inconsistency is detected.

2. Falcon - Endpoint detection and response (EDR) software by Microsoft.
- Incorrect: Falcon is an endpoint detection and response (EDR) software, but it is produced by CrowdStrike, not Microsoft.

3. Azure - Microsoft's cloud computing platform.
- Correct: Azure is Microsoft's cloud computing platform.

4. NDCs - Climate commitments where countries set targets to achieve net-zero emissions.
- Correct: NDCs (Nationally Determined Contributions) are indeed climate commitments where countries set targets to achieve net-zero emissions.

Explanation:

• The first pair is correctly matched as the KeBugCheck API functions as described.
• The second pair is incorrectly matched because Falcon is associated with CrowdStrike, not Microsoft.
• The third pair is correctly matched since Azure is the cloud computing platform by Microsoft.
• The fourth pair is correctly matched as NDCs represent the climate commitments made by countries under the Paris Agreement.

Thus, three pairs are correctly matched.

Statement 1 is correct. Article 361 of the Indian Constitution provides immunity to the President and Governors from criminal proceedings during their term in office. This immunity ensures that no criminal cases can be initiated or continued against them, and no arrest or imprisonment orders can be issued by any court.

Statement 2 is incorrect. Article 361 mandates a two-month notice period for any civil proceedings related to personal acts of the President or Governors, not for criminal proceedings.

Statement 3 is incorrect. The immunity under Article 361 is not absolute. While it provides significant protection to the President and Governors, it is subject to judicial review to ensure that the powers and immunities are exercised within legal and proper bounds. This means that the judiciary can examine whether the immunity is being used appropriately and can intervene if it is found to be misused.

Thus, the correct answer is Option A: 1 Only.

1. Article 153: Appointment of Governor - Incorrect. Article 153 states that there shall be a Governor for each State and the same person can be the Governor for two or more States.

2. Article 154: Executive power of the State - Correct. Article 154 states that the executive power of the State shall be vested in the Governor and shall be exercised by him/her in accordance with the Constitution of India.

3. Article 155: Governor's term of office - Incorrect. Article 155 states that the Governor of a State shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal.

4. Article 156: Appointment of Governor by the President - Incorrect. Article 156 states that the Governor shall hold office during the pleasure of the President, but his normal term of office will be five years.

Statement-I is accurate; India indeed issued 35.94 million carbon credits between 2010 and June 2022, as per the provided information.
Statement-II is also true; India aims for net zero emissions by 2070, as mentioned in the content.
However, Statement-I and Statement-II are independent of each other and do not explain or directly relate to one another. Hence, the correct answer is option (b).

The significant outage in Microsoft's cloud services on July 19 was triggered by a configuration change in part of Microsoft's Azure backend workloads. This change led to connectivity failures affecting Microsoft 365 services, causing disruptions across various industries worldwide. Such incidents highlight the critical importance of maintaining robust and carefully managed cloud infrastructure to prevent widespread service interruptions.

- Statement 1: Correct. The primary goal of TESS is to discover thousands of exoplanets circling bright dwarf stars. This aligns with the aim of the mission as stated in the text.
- Statement 2: Incorrect. While the main mission of TESS ended on July 4, 2020, it is noted that TESS is currently on an extended mission and is still operational, continuing to discover new exoplanets.
- Statement 3: Correct. TESS orbits Earth in a unique high Earth orbit lasting 12 to 15 days, which is designed to avoid interference from the Earth and Moon, thus providing an unobstructed view of the sky.
Thus, statements 1 and 3 are correct, while statement 2 is incorrect. Therefore, the correct answer is Option B: 1 and 3 Only.

1. Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) - Launched by NASA to discover exoplanets - Correct. TESS is a NASA mission dedicated to finding exoplanets around the brightest stars visible from Earth.

2. Bhusanket Web Portal - Launched by Geological Survey of India for landslide forecasting - Correct. The Bhusanket Web Portal was launched by the Geological Survey of India for disseminating and forecasting information about landslides.

3. Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) - Used in thin film solar cells - Correct. Cadmium Telluride is indeed used in thin film solar cells and is the second most utilized photovoltaic technology after silicon.

4. Kepler Space Telescope - Launched by ESA to study exoplanets - Incorrect. The Kepler Space Telescope was launched by NASA, not ESA, to discover exoplanets.

Hence, three out of the four pairs are correctly matched.

Statement-I correctly highlights the division within the Bhil tribe into central and eastern or Rajput Bhils. This division is known within the Bhil community. However, Statement-II is incorrect as the Bhil tribe primarily resides in the western regions of India, such as Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Rajasthan, with some presence in northeastern Tripura. The statement about the southern region is inaccurate in regard to the Bhil tribe's primary settlements.