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Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - UPSC MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & Monthly - Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025

Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 for UPSC 2025 is part of Current Affairs & Hindu Analysis: Daily, Weekly & Monthly preparation. The Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 questions and answers have been prepared according to the UPSC exam syllabus.The Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 MCQs are made for UPSC 2025 Exam. Find important definitions, questions, notes, meanings, examples, exercises, MCQs and online tests for Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 below.
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Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 1

What is the primary focus of the BHASHINI platform launched under the National Language Translation Mission (NLTM)?

Detailed Solution for Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 1

The BHASHINI platform, launched under the National Language Translation Mission (NLTM), primarily aims to enhance digital access and services in various Indian languages. This initiative utilizes cutting-edge text-to-speech technology to break language barriers and promote digital inclusion, especially in regions like Northeast India. By providing translation services through Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP), the platform supports 22 scheduled Indian languages, contributing to a more inclusive digital environment in the country.

Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 2

Consider the following statements regarding the copyright conundrum in Carnatic music:

1. Most foundational compositions in Carnatic music are under copyright, thereby fully protecting the rights of performers.

2. The improvisatory nature of Carnatic music, such as raga alapana and kalpana swaras, challenges existing copyright definitions.

3. Current copyright laws grant comprehensive protection to the improvisations of Carnatic music performers.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 2

- Statement 1: This statement is incorrect. Most foundational compositions in Carnatic music are in the public domain, as they were created by composers like Tyagaraja and Purandara Dasa long before the establishment of modern copyright laws. This means these compositions are freely available for performance and are not protected under current copyright laws, thus not fully safeguarding the rights of performers.

- Statement 2: This statement is correct. The improvisatory nature of Carnatic music, such as raga alapana (melodic improvisation) and kalpana swaras (spontaneous note sequences), indeed challenges existing copyright definitions. These elements are not fixed in writing and thus do not fit neatly into the traditional framework of copyright, which typically requires a tangible form of expression.

- Statement 3: This statement is incorrect. Current copyright laws do not provide comprehensive protection to the improvisations of Carnatic music performers. While performers have certain rights, such as preventing unauthorized recordings, their improvisations often lack formal recognition under existing laws, which leaves performers vulnerable to exploitation without adequate compensation.

Thus, only statement 2 is correct, making Option D the right choice.

Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 3

Consider the following pairs:

1. Labrys portucalensis F11: Bacteria effective in decomposing PFAS

2. Forever Chemicals: Easily biodegradable substances

3. Stockholm Convention: International agreement to promote PFAS usage

4. Critical Minerals: Essential for electric vehicles and renewable energy technologies

How many pairs given above are correctly matched?

Detailed Solution for Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 3

1. Labrys portucalensis F11: Bacteria effective in decomposing PFAS - Correct. Labrys portucalensis F11 is a bacterial strain identified as effective in breaking down the strong carbon-fluorine bonds present in polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which are known as "forever chemicals."

2. Forever Chemicals: Easily biodegradable substances - Incorrect. Forever chemicals, such as PFAS, are not easily biodegradable. They are known for their persistence in the environment, contributing to ongoing environmental degradation and health risks.

3. Stockholm Convention: International agreement to promote PFAS usage - Incorrect. The Stockholm Convention is an international agreement that aims to eliminate or restrict the use of hazardous substances like PFAS, not to promote their usage.

4. Critical Minerals: Essential for electric vehicles and renewable energy technologies - Correct. Critical minerals, such as lithium and cobalt, are vital for the production of batteries and components used in electric vehicles and renewable energy technologies.

Only pairs 1 and 4 are correctly matched.

Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 4

What impact can an increase in revenue expenditure have on the economy, particularly in terms of private consumption?

Detailed Solution for Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 4

An increase in revenue expenditure can significantly boost the economy by enhancing private consumption levels. This is achieved through providing better wages and job opportunities, which in turn lead to higher disposable income among lower-income populations. As disposable incomes rise, businesses may respond by increasing production capacity, ultimately fostering a cycle of investment and growth. Thus, focusing on revenue expenditure can help stimulate economic activity and benefit a broader segment of society.

Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 5

Consider the following statements:

1. During the period from 2004 to 2011, India's economic growth was significantly driven by state interventions through rights-based legislation and welfare schemes.

2. Capital expenditure primarily benefits lower-income groups by increasing their consumption capacity through immediate disposable income.

3. RNA therapies provide permanent genetic modifications that alter DNA, offering a long-term solution for genetic disorders.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 5

1. Statement 1 is Correct. The period from 2004 to 2011 in India was marked by significant economic growth and poverty reduction, largely attributed to state interventions through rights-based legislation and welfare schemes. Programs like the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) played a crucial role in providing jobs and boosting the rural economy, which in turn contributed to overall economic growth.

2. Statement 2 is Incorrect. Capital expenditure typically focuses on large infrastructure projects and tends to benefit high-income groups and corporations more directly than lower-income groups. It does not increase immediate disposable income for lower-income groups and hence has a lower short-term impact on consumption compared to revenue expenditure, which is focused on social welfare and increases disposable income among lower-income populations.

3. Statement 3 is Incorrect. RNA therapies, unlike gene-editing methods, do not provide permanent genetic modifications. They induce temporary changes and influence biological pathways without altering the DNA, providing a safer alternative that does not affect future generations. This makes them distinct from permanent genetic modification techniques.

Thus, only statement 1 is correct, making Option A the right choice.

Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 6

Consider the following statements:

Statement-I:
RNA therapy utilizes RNA-based molecules to influence biological pathways for treating specific conditions.

Statement-II:
RNA-based precision therapeutics are gaining recognition as a transformative approach for treating genetic disorders, particularly inherited retinal diseases (IRDs).

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Detailed Solution for Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 6


Statement-I correctly highlights the use of RNA-based molecules in RNA therapy to influence biological pathways for treating specific conditions. Statement-II aligns with the recognition of RNA-based precision therapeutics as a transformative approach for treating genetic disorders, particularly inherited retinal diseases. The second statement further elaborates on the application and significance of RNA therapy in the context of genetic disorders, thereby explaining the relevance of the first statement. Hence, both statements are accurate, and Statement-II effectively supplements and explains Statement-I, making option (a) the correct answer.

Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 7

Consider the following statements regarding milk consumption disparities in India:

1. The poorest 30% of households in India account for only 18% of total milk consumption.

2. Urban households consume about 50% more milk per capita than rural households.

3. Scheduled Tribe households consume significantly more milk compared to General Category households.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Detailed Solution for Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 7

Let's evaluate each statement for its accuracy:

Statement 1: This statement is correct. It accurately reflects the disparity in milk consumption between socio-economic groups in India. The poorest 30% of households indeed account for only 18% of total milk consumption, highlighting the inequitable access to milk among different income groups.

Statement 2: This statement is incorrect. Urban households consume approximately 30% more milk per capita than rural households, not 50%. The given percentage in the statement is exaggerated and does not accurately represent the data.

Statement 3: This statement is incorrect. Scheduled Tribe households actually consume less milk compared to General Category households due to economic constraints and dietary traditions, contrary to what the statement suggests.

Thus, only Statement 1 is correct, making Option A the right choice.

Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 8

Consider the following pairs regarding milk consumption disparities in India:

1. Income-Based Disparities - The richest 10% consume twice as much milk per capita as the poorest 10%.

2. Urban-Rural Divide - Urban households consume about 30% more milk per capita than rural households.

3. Regional Disparities - Eastern states consume more milk than northern and western regions.

4. Social and Cultural Disparities - Scheduled Tribe households consume less milk compared to General Category households.

How many pairs given above are correctly matched?

Detailed Solution for Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 8

1. Income-Based Disparities - Incorrect. The richest 10% consume three to four times more milk per capita than the poorest 10%, not twice as much.

2. Urban-Rural Divide - Correct. Urban households do consume about 30% more milk per capita than rural households due to higher incomes and better access to organized retail.

3. Regional Disparities - Incorrect. Northern and western regions consume significantly more milk than eastern states, not the other way around.

4. Social and Cultural Disparities - Correct. Scheduled Tribe households consume considerably less milk compared to General Category households due to economic constraints and dietary traditions.

Pairs 2 and 4 are correctly matched.

Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 9

Consider the following statements regarding Labrys portucalensis F11:

1. Labrys portucalensis F11 is a strain of bacteria capable of effectively breaking down all types of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) within a short period.

2. The discovery of Labrys portucalensis F11 was made at an industrial site in Portugal, highlighting its potential for bioremediation in oxygen-rich environments.

3. Labrys portucalensis F11 can utilize the carbon from PFAS as a food source, which contributes to its growth and the reduction of pollution.

Detailed Solution for Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 9

1. Statement 1 is incorrect. Although Labrys portucalensis F11 can break down certain PFAS, it does not do so for all types and not necessarily within a short period. It specifically demonstrated the ability to break down 90% of PFOS, a harmful PFAS chemical, within 100 days, which is significant but not all-encompassing.

2. Statement 2 is correct. The strain was indeed discovered in contaminated soil at an industrial site in Portugal, and it thrives in oxygen-rich environments, making it suitable for bioremediation at such locations.

3. Statement 3 is correct. The bacteria use the carbon from PFAS compounds as a source of food, aiding in its growth while simultaneously reducing pollution. This capability is part of its mechanism to break down PFAS by attacking strong chemical bonds and removing fluorine atoms.

Thus, the correct answer is Option D: 2 and 3 Only.

Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 10

Consider the following statements:

Statement-I:
Labrys portucalensis F11, a strain of aerobic bacteria, is capable of breaking down and transforming various types of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), known as "forever chemicals."

Statement-II:
PFAS are synthetic chemicals widely used in various industrial and consumer products due to their waterproof, grease-resistant, and non-stick properties.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Detailed Solution for Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 30th January 2025 - Question 10


Statement-I correctly describes the capabilities of Labrys portucalensis F11 in breaking down PFAS chemicals, while Statement-II accurately defines PFAS as synthetic chemicals with specific properties. Although both statements are correct, they address different aspects of the topic and do not directly explain each other. Hence, the correct answer is option (b).

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