KVS PGT Chemistry Mock Test - 3 - KVS PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

'A house divided against itself cannot stand' means if there is no unity within an organization or group nothing can be achieved.

Option 3 states this meaning and is the correct option. All other options imply other ideas.

Example- The management never made peace with the players, hence there was complete chaos, and the team eventually lost. Truly a house divided against itself cannot stand in the long run.

The correct word is 'who' which is a pronoun used to introduce a clause giving further information about a person or people previously mentioned.

In the sentence, we are being told that Sir Surendranath is the greatest Indian orator. The given sentence expresses this in comparative degree. Therefore, the correct answer is 'greater'. 

सही उत्तर धर्मार्थ है।

Key Points

• धर्म + अर्थ= धर्मार्थ
• नियम- अ + अ= आ
• धर्मार्थ में "दीर्घ स्वर संधि" है।
• धर्मार्थ शब्द का अर्थ- धर्म हेतु किया गया।
• उदाहरण- सेठजी कोई भी काम धर्मार्थ करते हैं।

Additional Informationसंधि - दो शब्दों के मेल से जो विकार (परिवर्तन) होता है उसे संधि कहतेहैं।
संधि के तीन प्रकार हैं - 1. स्वर, 2. व्यंजन और 3. विसर्ग

The correct answer is the Quasi-Judicial Procedure.

Important Points

• The procedure of Impeachment of the President of India is the Quasi-Judicial Procedure.
• The procedure begins with the introduction of a bill in either house of Parliament.
• The only condition for the initiation of the impeachment of the Indian president is the ‘violation of the constitution.
• None of the presidents of India has faced impeachment so far.
• A quasi-judicial body is an organ of Government other than a Court or Legislature, which affects the rights of private parties either through adjudication or rulemaking”.
• It is not mandatory that a Quasi-Judicial Body has to necessarily be an organization resembling a Court of Law.
  • For example, the Election Commission of India is also a Quasi-Judicial Body but does not have its core functions as a Court of Law.
• Some examples of Quasi-Judicial Bodies in India are the Election Commission of India, the National Green Tribunal, and the Central Information Commission (CIC).

Key Points

• Process of Impeachment of the President of India:
  • When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.
  • For the motion to be valid, it must be signed by at least one-fourth of the total members of the house where it is introduced
  • In the case of the Lok Sabha, this means that the motion must be signed by at least one-fourth of the total Lok Sabha members.
  • A 14-day notice is given to the President of India.
  • Then, Lok Sabha passes the impeachment charges with a two-thirds majority and sends it to Rajya Sabha.
  • Then, the Rajya Sabha investigates the charges.
  • While Rajya Sabha is investigating the charges, the President has the right to sit in the proceedings.
  • Rajya Sabha agrees to the charges and passes it with a two-thirds majority and the President is removed.

Given:

Mohit got 30% marks and failed by 25 marks

Another student scored 38% and

He got 15 more marks than passing marks

Calculation:

According to the question

⇒ 30% + 25 = 38% – 15

⇒ (38% – 30%) = (15 + 25)

⇒ 8% = 40

⇒ 1% = 5 marks

Now,

5% = 25 marks 

Then,

The necessary pass percentage required = (30% + 5%)

⇒ 35%

∴ Required pass percentage is 35%

Information and communication technology (ICT) refers to the use of electronic technology to send save, create, display, share or exchange information. Radio, television, video, DVD, satellite systems, computers, etc. are included in the ICT technologies.

• The tools of ICT are not a single technology but a combination of hardware, software, multimedia, and delivery systems. It may be in the form of audio, visual, and audio-visual. 

Key Point

Advantages of ICT Tools:

• Cost efficient - ICT tools are cost efficient as sending an email is cheaper than phone calls. ICT has also helped to automate business practices, thus restructuring businesses to make them exceptionally cost-effective. ICT tools make availability of free e-contents.
• ICT as Auido-Visual aid - A teacher can use ICT tools as teaching aids to stimulate the interest of students in learning. For example, a teacher who is going to introduce adjectives to class Ist students. He can use graphics, visual presentation, and audio-visual aids to make classroom learning interesting.
• Direct classroom learning: ICT tools are used in direct classroom learning as these tools shift the learning from solitary learning to learning with others. It makes learning more active in nature as there is direct interaction of the learner with ICT tools. It places the learner at the center and encourages collaborative learning in the classroom.

Hint

• Reliance on technology: Errors can be caused by over-reliance on and trust in technology’s proper function. Technology can occasionally malfunction, misdirect users, or give incorrect information or recommendations that result in users changing a previously correct decision or following a pathway that leads to error. Over-reliance on technology can result in serious consequences.

Hence, it is clear that reliance on technology is not an advantage of ICT tools.

The development of child takes place through various place. Although each stage has an encompassing relationship to other stages, yet its has own unique characteristic needs and demands.

Key Points

Prenatal Period:

• The period from the day of conception to the birth of the baby.
• Life begins with the formation of zygote.
• The fertilized egg begins to divide within an hour or two after conception, into two cells.
• Ten hours later these two cells divide to make four cells, then four to make eight cells, then sixteen cells and so on.
• The cells continue to divide till eight weeks after conception ad this period is called Embryonic period.
• This is followed by fetal period of development which is from about 8 weeks when the embryo becomes a recognizable human beings, to the time of birth.
• The proper development of fetus depends upon many factors, such as health of mother, use of drugs and alcohol, smoking, nutritional status of mother, stress and emotional factors.

Hence, we can conclude that the period from the day of conception to the birth of the baby.

Additional Information

• Stages of Child Development:
  • Prenatal Period
    • Embryonic period: Conception to eight weeks
    • Period of fetus: 8 weeks to birth
  • Infancy period
    • Neonatal period: Birth to 15 days
    • Infancy period: 15 days to 2 years
  • Early Childhood (Preschool years): 2 to 5-6 years 
  • Middle Childhood (School age): 5-6 to 12 years
  • Adolescence
    • Puberty: 12 to 14 years
    • Adolescence: 14 to 18 years
  • Adulthood:
    • Early adulthood: 18 to 35/40 years
    • Middle adulthood: 40 to 60 years
    • Late adulthood: Early 60 and above

The persons, whose physical, sensory, or mental activities are restricted permanently due to some injury, ailment, (mental/physical), or some kind of deformities developed before birth, are called disabled persons. 

Key Points

• Children with disabilities are at risk for education due to their problems in learning academic skills. Depending on the kind of disability children will face problems in school.
• Extermination refers to the removal of the disabled from the mainstream of the general population through killing, mutilating, burning, exiling, abandoning, or making them vanish from the scene somehow or the other.

Hence, we conclude that the correct answer is extermination.

Additional Information

• Social inclusion refers to a process by which efforts are made to ensure equal opportunities for all, regardless of their background, be it money, class, ethnicity, gender, race, etc.
• Euthanasia is the deliberate killing of an individual in order to end suffering.
• Feticide refers to the act of killing the fetus.

Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, has made a systematic study of cognitive development in his theory that is categorized in four stages. 

• He observed his children and their process of making sense of the world around them and developed a model of how the mind processes new information encountered.

Key Points

Concrete Operational Stage: 

• The 'Concrete Operational Stage' lasts around 7 to 11/12 years of age which refers to the late childhood stage of child development.

• In this stage, children become more logical in concrete things but lack abstract ideas.
• Children can classify objects into groups and subgroups and gain the ability of conservation of numbers, area, and volume.
• Children show attainment of the concept of reversibility, seriation, and transitivity as a cognitive capacity.
• Reversibility is the understanding that a child develops to know that things that have been changed can be returned to their original state.

Hence, it could be concluded that according to Piaget at the concrete operational stage, a child becomes more logical in concrete things, but lacks abstract ideas.

Important Points 

Piaget’s Four Stages of Cognitive Development:

Leadership is defined as the ability to influence followers to achieve common goals through shared purposes.

• Moral leadership is leadership that is based on respect for ethical beliefs of other members of a group. A Leader who posses high moral values, respect the dignity and rights of others.
• Organizational leadership is an important first step toward identifying and enacting purpose and ethical values that are central to internal alignment, external market effectiveness, and responsibility toward stakeholders.

So A Leader should have high moral values.

Particularly, leadership requires:

• Character: Enthusiasm, integrity, self-renewal
• Analysis: Fortitude, perceiving judgment,
• Accomplishment: Performance, boldness, team building
• Interaction: Collaborating, inspiring, serving others

Important Point 

General qualities of leader.

• Vitality and endurance;
• Decisiveness;
• Persuasiveness, and
• Responsibility and intellectual capacity.
• Good health;
• A sense of mission;
• Intelligence;
• Integrity
• Judgment and;
• Loyalty

In the Indian context, school-based management has been conceptualised in the spirit of ‘balanced control’ where decision-making authority is shared by parents and teachers (including the school principal).

Key PointsSchool based management in India was formally established in the Right to Education Act 2009. This Act came into law almost two decades after the process of de-centralisation of education had already been initiated in India.

• The RTE Act provided legal force to free and compulsory education of children of 6-14 years of age. 
• It is Section 21 of the RTE Act 2009 that mandated the establishment of school-based management structures in all the schools of the country, thus formally creating school management committees (SMCs).
• The Act specified the role of the community in school processes, including: improving access and coverage of schools, identifying and taking into account local priorities, developing a relevant curriculum and learning materials, creating an ownership ethos, reaching disadvantaged groups, mobilizing additional resources and building institutional capacity.

Thus, it can be concluded that RTE Act emphasized on the provision for better infrastructure, improved Pupil Teacher Ratio and the enhanced role of School Management Committee (SMC).

A curriculum can be defined as a set of planned activities that are designed to implement a particular educational aim. Set of such aims - in terms of the content of what is to be taught and the knowledge, skills, and attitudes which are to be deliberately fostered.

Key Points 

The following are the characteristics of the curriculum which as follows:-

•  A curriculum is neither a written text nor a list of activities.
• It is a plan of facilitating learning for the learner.
• Starting with the learner's current position, this plan lists all the features and dimensions of learning that are seen to be essential, provides justifications for why such learning is thought to be essential, and outlines the educational goals it would serve.
• The curriculum includes not only a list of contents but also the aims and objectives, learning experiences, and evaluation.
• The curriculum encompasses “the total experience provided to the learners in and out of school’.

Hence, it is concluded that Curriculum should be based on textbooks only is NOT correct in the context of the curriculum.

2CO + O2 ------------> 2CO₂
Atomic wt of C =12 kg or gms, Atomic wt of O = 16 kg or gms
2(12 + 16) kg of CO + 32 kg of O2 -----------> 2(12+32) kg of CO₂
56 kg of CO + 32 kg of O₂ -------> 88 kg of CO₂
For, 1kg of CO + 32/56 kg of O₂ ---------> 88/56 kg of CO₂
Therefore, 1kg of CO requires 32/56 or 4/7 kg of oxygen to produce 88/56kg or 11/7 kg of CO2

Crystalline compounds are those in which particles/molecules are arranged in proper order as in ice particles/water molecules are arranged in a cage-like ordered manner so this ordered structure is called a crystalline compound.

Dehydration of alcohol to alkene in presence of concentrated H₂SO₄ involves the –OH group in the alcohol that donates two electrons to H⁺ from the acid reagent, forming an alkyloxonium ion. The deprotonated acid (the nucleophile) then attacks the hydrogen adjacent to the carbocation and form a double bond.

Thus, the initiation step is protonation of alcohol.

The correct option is C.

On moving down a group since the number of valence electrons remains the same, all elements exhibit same valence.

The correct answer is option A.
Negative deviation means lower vapour pressure, it suggests high boiling point, thus resultant intermolecular force should be stronger than individual one.

In electro chemical series (ECS),

thus, Ca²⁺ ion is not reduced to C a instead, H₂O is reduce d to H₂. 

Ag, Cu and Cr are below H in ECS (E°_reduction > 0), thus they are reduced to metals on electrolysis.

Note In ECS, Ca, H, Cr, Cu elements lying above H are better reducing agents thus are easily oxidised.

When zinc is placed in copper nitrate solution the intensity of the blue colour is produced and copper iron is deposited on zinc.

• This is a Redox reaction between zinc and an aqueous solution of copper nitrate occurring in a beaker.

When two atoms approach to form a bond, there is decrease in potential energy (PE). After bond formation, at a minimum distance (called bond length). PE further increases.

Ksp = S²
⇒ 6.4 × 10^–5 = S²
⇒ S = 8 × 10^–3 mole/L
S = 8 × 10^–3 × 10³ mole/m³
⇒ S = 8 mole/m³

The reaction of methanol with phenyl magnesium bromide is:

CH₃OH + C₆H₅MgBr → C₆H₆ + Mg(OCH₃)Br

A mixture of benzene and Mg(OMe)Br is obtained.

The correct option is A.

KCI is an ionic compound. Force of attraction (F) between K+


Greater the value of D, smaller the value of F, hence larger the solubility.
Note D for CH₃OCH₃ is least out of given solvents, thus solubility is minimum.

Atomic size decreases across the period.
Cl has a smaller size than Ar due to the inert nature atoms exist as single atoms.

The correct answer is Option C.

Reactions with a negative ∆G release energy, which means that they can proceed without an energy input (are spontaneous). In contrast, reactions with a positive ∆G need an input of energy in order to take place (are non-spontaneous). Reactions with a positive ∆H and negative ∆S are non-spontaneous at all temperatures.

Ford-block elements, group number is equal to the number of electrons in (n - 1)d subshell + number of electrons in valence shell (nth shell).