Test: Biotechnology (February 15) - NEET MCQ

Bt toxin is obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis bacterium that can kill certain insects like tobacco budworm, armyworm, beetles and flies.

Transgenic animals are made to carry gene that make them sensitive to toxic substance than non-transgenic animals and exposed to toxic substance. Toxicity testing in transgenic animals allows us to obtain results in less time.

Dolly sheep is made by implanting oocyte at blastocyst stage into uterus of surrogate mother for further development.

The agarose gel with high percentage of agar will lead to accumulation of large sized DNA fragments near the wells as pore size is small near the well.

The sequence of the 5’ and 3’ primers for the given DNA sequence will be 5’ AATGC 3’, 5’ GACTC 3’.

Option (3) is the correct answer because cellulase is used to isolate genetic material from plant cells and chitinase is used to isolate genetic material from fungal cells.

Option (2) is incorrect because protease is used for digestion of proteins.

Option (1) and (4) are incorrect because lipase is used for the breakdown of lipids.

Biofortification is the method to enhance the nutritional value of seeds by changing the gene of the crop that produces more protein, vitamins or other nutrient.

The extraction of DNA from the agrose gel is called as elution. There are many methods for eluting DNA from a piece of agrose.

Genetically modified plants are more tolerant to abiotic stress like cold, drought, heat etc. GM plants enhance nutritional value of food such as vitamin A enriched rice. Genetically modified plants are not carcinogenic or cancer causing.

Option (C) is correct answer because a single stranded DNA or RNA tagged with a radioactive molecule is called a probe and it helps in the detection of mutated gene.

Option (A), (B) and (D) are not correct because YAC, BAC, pBR322 are vectors.

Protein molecules are smaller than DNA polynucleotide. Protein and DNA can be separated by polyacrylamide gel having minute pores through which protein can pass but not the DNA.

Biotechnology is the techniques of using live organisms of enzymes from organism to produce products and processes useful to human.

Plasmid is a small DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from a chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently. Plasmid is most commonly found in bacteria as small circular, double stranded DNA molecule.

In 1983, the American company Eli Lily prepared two DNA sequences corresponding to A and B and introduced into plasmid of E.coli to produce insulin chain.