Test: Indian Society and Social Issues MCQs (June 2024 Current Affairs) - UPSC MCQ

Statement 1 is incorrect. The Model Prison Manual 2016 does not recommend providing hot water to women prisoners to manage menstruation.

Statement 2 is correct. The Suraksha Suvidha Napkins are available at Jan Aushadhi Kendras for Rs 1 each.

Statement 3 is correct. The Menstrual Hygiene Scheme provides subsidized sanitary napkin packs to adolescent girls through decentralized procurement.

1. Correct. Gross national disposable income is expected to grow by 8.9% in FY24.

2. Correct. IRDAI has instructed insurers to create specialized products for different demographics such as senior citizens, students, children, and maternity.

3. Correct. Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) can help design need-based, affordable insurance solutions.

4. Incorrect. The insurance literacy campaigns aim to achieve Insurance for All by 2047, not 2030.

1. Correct. The Longevity India initiative is introduced by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bengaluru.

2. Correct. Insurance penetration in India remained at 4.2% in 2021.

3. Correct. The Bismarck Model is Germany's health insurance system, characterized by mandatory participation and funding through employer and employee contributions.

4. Incorrect. Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY is funded by the government, not private insurers.

Statement-I correctly identifies the role of the National Building Code (NBC) in India as a central standard for fire safety, providing detailed guidelines for construction, maintenance, and fire safety of buildings. On the other hand, Statement-II incorrectly associates the Model Building Bye Laws 2016 guide with the drafting of building bylaws in urban areas, which is not directly related to the role of the NBC in setting fire safety standards. Therefore, Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect.

The Global Gender Gap Report 2024 indicates that women are underrepresented in STEM fields, accounting for only 28.2% of the workforce in these areas. This disparity underscores the ongoing challenges and the need for concerted efforts to promote gender diversity and inclusion in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics disciplines.

Statement 1 is correct. According to the National Crime Records Bureau, there are 23,772 women in Indian prisons, with 77% of them in the reproductive age group (18-50 years).

Statement 2 is correct. The 2016 Model Prison Manual does recommend providing sterilized sanitary pads as needed.

Statement 3 is incorrect. While the National Menstrual Hygiene Policy introduced in 2023 emphasizes safe and dignified MHM for all, it does not provide a specific action plan for improving menstrual hygiene management in prisons.

Europe leads in gender gap closure, with 75% of its gender gap already closed, as highlighted in the Global Gender Gap Report 2024. This region's progress towards gender parity serves as a significant example for other regions to emulate and learn from in their own gender equality initiatives.

1. Correct. IRDAI has lifted the age ceiling for purchasing health insurance, allowing individuals of all ages to buy health covers.

2. Correct. IRDAI has instructed insurers to create specialized products for different demographics such as senior citizens, students, children, and maternity.

3. Incorrect. Coverage for cancer and heart failure as pre-existing conditions is now mandated, but it was not entirely excluded previously.

4. Incorrect. Travel policies can only be provided by general and health insurers, not all types of insurers.

1. Correct. Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY is the largest health assurance scheme in the world.

2. Correct. Parametric insurance pays out based on pre-defined triggers.

3. Incorrect. The Bismarck Model is funded through contributions from both employers and employees, not solely by employers.

4. Incorrect. PMJJBY is a life insurance scheme, not a health insurance scheme.

Statement 1 is correct. The National Menstrual Hygiene Policy of 2023 does identify prisoners as a target population with compromised access to menstrual hygiene facilities.

Statement 2 is correct. There is a lack of data on water availability in prisons, complicating efforts to address hygiene needs effectively.

Statement 3 is incorrect. The policy does not include concrete plans for improving menstrual hygiene management in prisons.

Iceland has retained its position as the world's most gender-equal society for the 15th consecutive year in the Global Gender Gap Report 2024. This remarkable consistency in gender equality rankings underscores Iceland's sustained efforts in promoting gender parity across various spheres.

The global gender gap score for 2024, as reported in the Global Gender Gap Report, stands at 68.5%. This score indicates that 31.5% of the gender gap remains unaddressed globally. The slow progress in closing this gap is concerning, with only a marginal 0.1% improvement from the previous year.

Statement-I correctly highlights the role of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) in providing fire safety guidelines for various types of buildings. Statement-II accurately describes how the National Building Code (NBC) categorizes buildings based on occupancy for fire safety purposes. Moreover, Statement-II complements Statement-I by illustrating how the NBC's categorization aligns with the NDMA's guidelines. Therefore, both statements are correct, and Statement-II explains Statement-I effectively.

1. Incorrect. Insurance density is the ratio of premium to population (per capita premium).

2. Incorrect. Insurance penetration is measured as the percentage of insurance premiums to a country's GDP.

3. Incorrect. Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Yojana is a life insurance scheme, not a health insurance scheme.

4. Correct. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the demand for health insurance.

Statement 1 is incorrect. The availability of sanitary napkins is inconsistent across prisons, and the quality of these products could be better.

Statement 2 is correct. Most prisons do not offer other types of menstrual products like tampons or menstrual cups.

Statement 3 is correct. Overcrowding and poor socio-economic conditions further hinder access to necessities like water, detergent, and soap.