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Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - UPSC MCQ


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10 Questions MCQ Test UPSC Mains: World History - Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1

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Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 1

What ideology did the Fascists in Italy adopt in the 1920s to appeal to conservatives and the political right?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 1
In the 1920s, the Fascists in Italy adopted the ideology of "free enterprise" to appeal to conservatives and the political right. This shift in their political agenda involved promoting policies that supported capitalism and the interests of businesses. They abandoned their previous populist and syndicalist stances in favor of economic liberalism.
Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 2

What event marked the appointment of Benito Mussolini as Prime Minister of Italy?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 2
The event that marked the appointment of Benito Mussolini as Prime Minister of Italy was the "March on Rome." This was a significant moment in Italian history when Mussolini and his Fascist supporters marched on the capital city in October 1922. Their actions led to Mussolini's appointment as Prime Minister by King Victor Emmanuel III. It's important to note that this event was portrayed as a "seizure" of power by the Fascists, even though they encountered little serious resistance.
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Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 3

What event led to the political scandal known as the "Aventine Secession"?

Detailed Solution for Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 3
The event that led to the political scandal known as the "Aventine Secession" was the assassination of Giacomo Matteoti, a Socialist Party deputy. Matteoti's kidnapping and murder by a Fascist figure triggered a crisis in the Italian government, and as a result, the liberals and the leftist minority in parliament walked out in protest.
Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 4
What was the primary goal of the Fascist policy known as the "Acerbo Law"?
Detailed Solution for Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 4
The primary goal of the Fascist policy known as the "Acerbo Law" was to suppress the socialist movement in Italy. This law aimed to guarantee a plurality of seats in parliament to any party or coalition list in an election that received 25% or more of the vote. By doing so, the Fascists sought to weaken the socialist opposition and consolidate their own power.
Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 5
What economic system did Italian Fascism promote, involving syndicates representing employers and employees?
Detailed Solution for Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 5
Italian Fascism promoted a corporatist economic system, which involved syndicates representing both employers and employees. These syndicates collectively represented the nation's economic producers and worked alongside the state to set national economic policies. This system aimed to resolve class conflict through collaboration between different classes.
Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 6
What was the main consequence of Mussolini's appointment as Prime Minister in 1922?
Detailed Solution for Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 6
The main consequence of Mussolini's appointment as Prime Minister in 1922 was the consolidation of Fascist power in Italy. This marked the beginning of the Fascist regime's rule, which gradually led to the suppression of opposition, censorship, and the establishment of a dictatorship under Mussolini's leadership.
Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 7
What was the primary goal of the Fascist policy of increasing the birth rate in Italy?
Detailed Solution for Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 7
The primary goal of the Fascist policy of increasing the birth rate in Italy was to justify colonial expansion. Mussolini believed that a higher birth rate would provide a demographic justification for Italian colonial expansion, particularly in Africa. This policy aimed to encourage more Italians to have children to support the idea of an Italian Empire.
Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 8
What did the Fascists aim to achieve by banning literature on birth control and increasing penalties for abortion?
Detailed Solution for Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 8
The Fascists aimed to enforce traditional gender roles by banning literature on birth control and increasing penalties for abortion. Mussolini's regime wanted women to return to their traditionally subservient positions as wives and mothers, reinforcing traditional family values and gender roles.
Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 9
How did Italian Fascism view the concept of "spazio vitale"?
Detailed Solution for Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 9
Italian Fascism viewed the concept of "spazio vitale" as aiming to establish control over the Mediterranean Sea. The Fascists believed that Italy needed to expand its territories and assert its strength by controlling key strategic areas, including the Mediterranean.
Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 10
What was the outcome of the Fascist military campaign known as the "Pacification of Libya"?
Detailed Solution for Test: The Rise of Fascism & Governments of the Right - 1 - Question 10
The outcome of the Fascist military campaign known as the "Pacification of Libya" was ethnic cleansing and mass killings. Italian authorities engaged in brutal actions, including mass killings, the use of concentration camps, and the forced starvation of thousands of people during this campaign. They sought to subdue and control the Libyan population through violence and oppression.
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