UPSC EPFO Mock Test - 2 - UPSC MCQ

Statement 1 is incorrect.

Article 16 of the Constitution, which guarantees equal treatment under law in matters of public employment, prohibits the state from discriminating on grounds of place of birth or residence.

Article 16(2) states that “no citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, residence or any of them, be ineligible for, or discriminated against in respect or, any employment or office under the State”. The provision is supplemented by the other clauses in the Constitution that guarantee equality.

However, Article 16(3) of the Constitution provides an exception by saying that Parliament may make a law “prescribing” a requirement of residence for jobs in a particular state. This power vests solely in the Parliament, not state legislatures.

Reservation for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Other Backward Classes is referred to as vertical reservation. Horizontal reservation refers to opportunity provided to other categories of beneficiaries such as women, veterans, the transgender community, domicile and individuals with disabilities, cutting through the vertical categories.

• Employee empowerment refers to the process of providing employees with the authority, resources, and autonomy to make decisions and take ownership of their work.
• The elements of employee empowerment typically include:
  • (A) Belief system and trust, which involves fostering a culture of trust and belief in employees' capabilities.
  • (B) Purposefulness, which entails aligning employees' work with the overall goals and purpose of the organization.
  • (D) Self-sufficiency or Competency, which emphasizes providing employees with the skills, knowledge, and resources necessary to carry out their responsibilities effectively.
• However, (C) Arbitrariness is not an element of employee empowerment. Arbitrariness refers to making decisions without reason or fairness, which goes against the principles of employee empowerment.
• Therefore, the element that is not applicable to employee empowerment is (C) Arbitrariness.

Article 74 deals with the status of the council of ministers while Article 75 deals with the appointment, tenure, responsibility, qualification, oath and salaries and allowances of the ministers. The principles of the parliamentary system of government are not detailed in the Constitution, but two Articles (74 and 75) deal with them in a broad, sketchy and general manner.

• Meaning of Distant: Far away in space or time.
• Meaning of Removed: (with reference to cousins) separated in relationship by a particular number of steps of descent
• Meaning of Reserved: slow to reveal emotion or opinions
• Meaning of Separate: forming or viewed as a unit apart or by itself

• Robert F. Hoxie, an American economist and labor scholar, classified unions into these four types based on their characteristics and relationships with employers.
• Business unions, also known as craft unions, focus on promoting the economic interests and skilled workers in a specific trade or craft.
• Predatory unions are characterized by their aggressive tactics and disregard for the broader interests of workers or the industry.
• Dependent unions are those that are heavily influenced or controlled by the employer or management, compromising their independence and ability to represent workers effectively.
• Friendly unions seek to maintain cooperative and collaborative relationships with employers while advocating for the interests of workers.
• Hoxie's classification provides insights into the diverse nature and dynamics of unions in labor relations.
• Therefore, the correct answer is (B) Robert F. Hoxie.

- Statement 1: Correct. Article 124 of the Indian Constitution specifies the eligibility criteria for appointment as a Supreme Court judge. An individual must be an Indian citizen with at least five years of service as a High Court judge, or ten years as an advocate in a High Court, or be a distinguished jurist.

- Statement 2: Incorrect. While the Parliament has the power to increase the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court, it cannot curtail the powers and jurisdiction that are provided by the Constitution itself.

Thus, only Statement 1 is correct. The correct answer is A: 1 Only.

• Frictional Unemployment refers to temporary unemployment that occurs when individuals are in between jobs or are transitioning from one job to another.
• Technological Unemployment occurs when advances in technology lead to job displacement and render certain skills or occupations obsolete.
• Disguised Unemployment refers to a situation where individuals appear to be employed, but their contribution to production is minimal or redundant.
• However, Migratory Unemployment is not a recognized type of unemployment. Migratory movements may lead to fluctuations in employment levels, but it is not considered a distinct category of unemployment.
• Therefore, the correct answer is (D) Migratory Unemployment.

• Article 345 leaves it to the State to choose its language for official purposes. In actual practice, several States and Union Territories continue to use English.
• Article 348 (1) of the Constitution of India provides that all proceedings in the Supreme Court and in every High court shall be in English Language until Parliament by law otherwise provides.
• Educational institutions of “national importance” and those of “scientific and technical education financed by Government of India” are in the Union List.

The number of Girls are 5. They are seema, rani, reeta, mary and bindu

Seema is to the left of rani. So arrangement is:
⇒ Seema, ..., Rani

Seema is to the to the right of bindu. So,arrangement is:
⇒ Bindhu , .. , Seema

Mary is to the right of rani. So arrangement is:
⇒ Rani, ..., Mary

Reeta is between rani and mary. So arrangement is:
⇒ Rani Reeta Mary

So, the arrangement in photograph from left to right side  is:-
Bindu , Seema , Rani , reeta and Mary

Answer: a

Explanation:

Tantalum carbide (TaC) and hafnium carbide (HfC) are refractory ceramics, meaning they are extraordinarily resistant to heat. They are materials that can withstand temperatures of nearly 4,000 degrees Celsius.

Their ability to withstand extremely harsh environments means that refractory ceramics could be used in thermal protection systems on high-speed vehicles and as fuel cladding in the super-heated environments of nuclear reactors. 

Each journal item is transferred to the ledger in their respective account. It is termed as posting.

• Geocentric organizations are those that have a global or world-oriented perspective.
• Geocentric organizations operate without a specific emphasis on any particular country or region and instead focus on global markets, customers, and talent.
• They adopt a global mindset and consider the best talent and resources from around the world, irrespective of nationality or geographic location.
• Geocentric organizations promote a global approach to decision-making, resource allocation, and strategic planning.
• In contrast, polycentric organizations prioritize local or regional perspectives, regiocentric organizations focus on specific regions, and ethnocentric organizations prioritize the home country or nationality.
• Therefore, the correct answer is (A) Geocentric.

• Welfare Officers are responsible for promoting the welfare and well-being of employees in an organization.
• However, it is not their duty or role to represent the employer in cases of industrial dispute.
• Welfare Officers primarily focus on implementing welfare measures, ensuring compliance with labor laws, and fostering a conducive work environment.
• Representation in industrial disputes typically falls under the purview of management representatives or legal professionals, rather than the Welfare Officer's responsibilities.

Before the first generation of computers, electro-mechanical computers were constructed. More quickly than any other device at the time, this computer can calculate.

► Suppose you take p = 3 and q = 2. It can be clearly seen that the square root of 2 does not lie between 2 and 3. Hence, option (b) is incorrect.
► Further with these values for p and q option (a) also can be ruled out since it means that the value should lie between 5 and 6 which it obviously does not. Also, Option (d) gives 6 / 5 and 1 / 6.
►This means that the value should lie between 0.1666 and 1.2 (which it obviously does not). Hence, option (c) is correct. 

Bank Overdraft is an artificial Personal account, so will be classified as Personal Account.

• Transnational corporations and government relations: The relations between transnational corporations and government can be categorized into three main categories - liberal, neo-mercantilist, and neo-imperialist.


• Liberal approach: The liberal approach suggests that transnational corporations and government should have minimal interference in each other's operations. It advocates for free trade and minimal regulations.


• Neo-mercantilist approach: The neo-mercantilist approach believes that the government should play a more active role in regulating and protecting domestic industries from the global competition posed by transnational corporations.


• Neo-imperialist approach: The neo-imperialist approach argues that transnational corporations often exploit developing countries for their resources and labor, leading to a power dynamic where corporations have more influence than the government.


• Authors: Kochan, T.A., et.al have extensively studied and categorized the relations between government and transnational corporations into these three categories, providing valuable insights into the different perspectives on this complex relationship.

Unconnected not joined together or to something else.
Chaotic : in a state of complete confusion and disorder.
Unaccountable : unable to be explained; Inexplicable.
Confusing : bewildering or perplexing.
Inexplicable : unable to be explained or accounted for.

Synonym of Inexplicable is Unaccountable

The term of the Prime Minister is not fixed and he holds office during the pleasure of the president. However, this does not mean that the president can dismiss the Prime Minister at any time. So long as the Prime Minister enjoys the majority support in the Lok Sabha, he cannot be dismissed by the President.

However, if he loses the confidence of the Lok Sabha, he must resign or the President can dismiss him.

To amplify or regenerate an incoming signal before retransmitting it, repeaters are network devices that operate at the physical layer of the OSI model.

• Their basic objective was to restore earlier forms of rule and social relations. 

• General Characteristics of Civil Uprisings These uprisings in most cases, represented common conditions, though separated in time and place. The semi-feudal leaders of civil uprisings were backwards-looking and traditional in outlook. 

• Their basic objective was to restore earlier forms of rule and social relations. These uprisings were the result of local causes and grievances and were also localised in their consequences.

• Typhoid fever in the human being is caused by Salmonella typhi.
• The pathogen enters the small intestine through food and contaminated water and migrates to other organs through blood

This illustration depicts a photomicrograph of Salmonella typhi bacteria:

Exhaust – very tired.
invigorates – give strength or energy to

• G.D.H. Cole, a renowned political theorist and sociologist, defined a trade union as "an association carried on mainly for the purpose of protecting and advancing the members' economic interest (higher wages, better conditions of work)."
• Cole's definition emphasizes the primary objective of trade unions, which is to safeguard and enhance the economic interests of their members.
• He was a prominent scholar in the field of industrial relations and made significant contributions to the study of labor movements and trade unionism.
• Cole's definition underscores the central role of trade unions in advocating for improved wages, better working conditions, and other economic benefits for workers.
• His work continues to be influential in understanding and analyzing the nature and function of trade unions in modern society.

The father of E’s father is his grandfather. Therefore, E and the granddaughter mentioned in the question are siblings.
Hence her husband i.e. R is the brother-in-law of E. 

• Collective bargaining is a process of negotiation and decision-making between employers (or their representatives) and workers (or their representatives), making it a bipartite process.
• The term "bipartite" refers to involving two parties, in this case, the employer and the worker representatives.
• Collective bargaining aims to reach agreements on various employment-related matters such as wages, working conditions, benefits, and other terms of employment.
• It is a collective process because it involves representatives from both sides negotiating and reaching decisions collectively.
• Collective bargaining can be flexible, allowing for adjustments and compromises, and it is not an interdisciplinary system as it primarily focuses on labor relations and employment matters.
• Therefore, the characteristic that is not applicable to collective bargaining is (C) It is not a bipartite process.

1026854
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The given number satisfies rule (i)

The foundation for successful computer system construction is computer architecture. The user enters coded data into the computer via an input device. It is a tool used to provide the computer with the information it needs, such as a keyboard or mouse.

• Given: Ratio of boys to girls is 2:1 in a class of 39 students.


• Step 1: Let the number of boys be 2x and the number of girls be x.


• Step 2: Total number of students = 2x + x = 3x = 39 (Given)


• Step 3: Solving for x, we get x = 13.


• Step 4: Number of boys = 2 * 13 = 26, Number of girls = 13.


• Step 5: Ashita ranks 15th from the top among all students, so there are 14 students above her.


• Step 6: Ashita ranks 8th from the bottom among girls, so there are 12 girls below her.


• Step 7: Number of boys below Ashita = Total boys - (Number of boys above Ashita + Number of boys equal or below Ashita)


• Step 8: Number of boys below Ashita = 26 - (14 + 0) = 26 - 14 = 12.

(i) venture capital fund, merchant bank, stockbroking firms (SEBI registers and regulates them);

(ii) insurance company (registered and regulated by the IRDA);

(iii) housing finance company (regulated by the RBI); [ The Finance (No. 2) Act, 2019 has amended the National Housing Bank Act, 1987 conferring certain powers for the regulation of Housing Finance Companies (HFCs) with Reserve Bank of India ]

(iv) Nidhi company (regulated by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs under the Companies Act, 1956); (e) chit fund company (by respective state governments under Chit Funds Act, 1982).