Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 27th May 2025 - UPSC MCQ

Statement-I correctly highlights India's diversified defence imports, showcasing a reduction in reliance on Russia and an increased engagement with various other countries like France, the UK, Israel, and the US for defence procurements.

Statement-II accurately points out Pakistan's strong alignment with China in terms of military procurement, reflecting the regional dynamics that influence its defense strategies. However, Statement-II does not directly explain or relate to the content provided in Statement-I. Both statements are correct in their individual contexts but do not necessarily depend on each other for explanation or validation.

Statement-I correctly highlights that the monsoon in Mumbai started on May 27, 2023, earlier than usual, as mentioned in the key takeaways.
Statement-II accurately mentions the factors contributing to the rapid progression of the monsoon, attributing it to the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) and strong cross-equatorial flow, as detailed in the additional details.
While both statements are factually correct based on the provided information, Statement-II does not directly explain why the monsoon arrived earlier in Mumbai, but rather discusses the factors contributing to its rapid progression. Thus, the correct answer is option (b).

- Statement 1 is correct. The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is indeed a large-scale atmospheric circulation pattern characterized by alternating phases of enhanced rainfall, which increases cloud formation and precipitation, and suppressed rainfall, leading to dry conditions. This oscillation influences weather patterns globally, including regions like the Indian subcontinent.

- Statement 2 is incorrect. The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) travels primarily across the Indian and Pacific Oceans, not the Atlantic. Its movement influences weather conditions by altering wind patterns and atmospheric processes in these regions, which are crucial for the development and progression of monsoon systems.

- Statement 3 is correct. The early onset of the monsoon in Mumbai in 2023 was attributed to an active phase of the MJO and favorable atmospheric conditions. The interaction between these factors created a conducive environment for the rapid progression of the monsoon from Kerala to Mumbai, leading to significant rainfall and its early arrival.

Thus, the correct answer is Option C: 1 and 3 Only.

The National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) is designed to enhance the employability of candidates through practical training in various industries. This scheme aims to bridge the gap between education and employment by providing hands-on experiential learning opportunities, thereby improving the skill set and readiness of individuals entering the workforce.

- Statement 1: This statement is correct. Community health workers, such as Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs), are indeed pivotal in providing early warnings and educating communities about heat safety. They serve as a crucial link in the primary health care system to address heat-related health issues proactively.

- Statement 2: This statement is incorrect. The integration of meteorological data with local health networks is, in fact, very significant in enhancing community responses during heat alerts. It allows for timely dissemination of information and intervention measures like distributing hydration kits and conducting educational campaigns about staying safe during extreme temperatures.

- Statement 3: This statement is correct. Addressing social vulnerabilities is crucial for effective heat resilience strategies. Vulnerable populations, such as outdoor workers and low-income families, are at higher risk during extreme heat events. Focusing on these groups helps in creating equitable and effective climate resilience measures.

Given the analysis, only statements 1 and 3 are correct, making Option B the right choice.

- Statement 1: This statement is correct. INS Brahmaputra is indeed equipped with torpedo launchers and advanced sensors for comprehensive maritime warfare. These capabilities are integral to its role in the Indian Navy, allowing it to perform a variety of missions including coastal and offshore patrolling, monitoring sea routes, and counter-terrorism operations.

- Statement 2: This statement is incorrect. INS Brahmaputra was commissioned into the Indian Navy on April 14, 2000, not in 1995. This date marks its official entry into active service after construction by Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Limited.

- Statement 3: This statement is correct. INS Brahmaputra has a total crew capacity of 40 officers and 330 sailors, which supports its operational and combat roles effectively.

Thus, statements 1 and 3 are correct, making Option C: 1 and 3 Only the correct answer.

The primary objective of the Panchayat Advancement Index (PAI) Version 2.0 is to measure progress towards localized Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The index is designed to evaluate the overall development and performance of Panchayats by utilizing various socio-economic indicators to assess the well-being of local communities. It supports the achievement of the SDG 2030 Agenda and helps identify development gaps within Panchayats, facilitating evidence-based planning at the grassroots level.

To determine the correctness of the statements, let's analyze each:

1. Statement 1: Gujarat Energy Development Agency (GEDA) is focusing on establishing standardized protocols specifically for safe worker dismantling practices.

- This statement is correct. GEDA's initiative indeed includes developing standardized protocols that emphasize worker safety and safe dismantling practices, which are vital components of the framework for managing solar waste effectively.

2. Statement 2: The recycling initiative includes specialized approaches for crystalline silicon and CdTe photovoltaic technologies.

- This statement is also correct. The initiative specifically mentions the inclusion of various photovoltaic technologies such as crystalline silicon and CdTe, requiring specialized recycling methods.

3. Statement 3: Gujarat has the highest number of solar module manufacturers in India, making it a significant hub for solar waste recycling.

- This statement is correct as well. Gujarat's prominence as a solar manufacturing hub with the largest number of solar module manufacturers in India positions it strategically to tackle solar waste recycling.

Since all three statements are accurate, the correct answer is Option D. The solution confirms all components of the initiative are aligned with the statements provided, ensuring a comprehensive approach to solar waste management in Gujarat.

1. Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) - Correctly matched. The MJO is indeed a large-scale atmospheric circulation pattern that influences global weather patterns by altering wind and atmospheric conditions. It consists of alternating phases of enhanced and suppressed rainfall, affecting climates worldwide, including the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

2. Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) - Incorrectly matched. FMD is not restricted to wild animals; it affects domestic livestock such as cows and pigs and is endemic in India. The disease is a major concern for agriculture and livestock industries globally.

3. Mosura fentoni - Correctly matched. Mosura fentoni is a newly discovered extinct marine predator from the Cambrian period, found in the fossil-rich Burgess Shale in Canada. It provides significant insights into the early evolution of arthropods.

4. African Swine Fever (ASF) - Correctly matched. ASF is a severe viral disease affecting pigs with no cure or vaccine, and it has indeed posed a threat to regions like Sri Lanka in 2024, impacting India's northeastern pig-rearing areas due to proximity and potential for spread.

Thus, three pairs are correctly matched: 1, 3, and 4.

1. INS Brahmaputra — First indigenously built Brahmaputra-class frigate: This pair is correctly matched. INS Brahmaputra is indeed the first indigenously built Brahmaputra-class guided missile frigate of the Indian Navy.

2. Commissioning Date — April 14, 2005: This pair is incorrectly matched. INS Brahmaputra was commissioned into the Indian Navy on April 14, 2000, not 2005.

3. Builder — Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Limited (GRSE): This pair is correctly matched. The ship was built by the Kolkata-based Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Limited.

4. Armament — Equipped with surface-to-surface and surface-to-air missiles: This pair is correctly matched. INS Brahmaputra is equipped with both surface-to-surface and surface-to-air missiles.

Based on the analysis above, three pairs are correctly matched.