OneTime: Test: Class 6 Polity NCERT Based-2 (UPSC Level) - UPSC MCQ

Both Statement-I and Statement-II are accurate. The Patwari plays a crucial role in investigations by maintaining records that aid in identifying boundary violations. Additionally, Tehsildars, who supervise Patwaris, are responsible for not only hearing disputes but also overseeing their work, maintaining records, and ensuring proper collection of land revenue. Statement-II elaborates on the duties and responsibilities associated with the role of Tehsildars, thereby explaining the significance of Patwaris in the administrative setup effectively.

1. Gram Sabha - Executive wing of Panchayat: Incorrect. The Gram Sabha is not an executive wing; it is a body comprising all the registered voters within a Panchayat area. It functions as a deliberative body where people participate directly and seek accountability from their representatives. The executive wing is the Gram Panchayat.

2. Sarpanch - Presiding officer of Panchayat: Correct. The Sarpanch is indeed the presiding officer of the Gram Panchayat. The Sarpanch is elected by the members of the Gram Sabha and acts as the Panchayat President.

3. Panchayat Samiti - Block level executive body: Correct. The Panchayat Samiti operates at the block level, also known as Janpad Panchayat, and functions as an executive body responsible for implementing development programs at the block level.

4. Gram Panchayat - Meeting of all village voters: Incorrect. The Gram Panchayat is not a meeting; it is an executive body consisting of the elected representatives, including the Sarpanch and Ward Panchs. The meeting of all village voters is actually the Gram Sabha.

Thus, two pairs are correctly matched: Pair 2 and Pair 3.

- Statement 1: Ward Councillors are indeed responsible for making the budget in their respective wards. This is correct as per the roles and responsibilities outlined for Ward Councillors, where they look into the demands of their wards and manage financial planning to meet these needs.

- Statement 2: The Municipal Corporation is responsible for ensuring that diseases do not break out in the city. This involves creating awareness about epidemics and ensuring sanitation and water supply, which are crucial for preventing outbreaks. Therefore, this statement is correct.

- Statement 3: The administrative staff of a ward is not elected by the people living in that ward. Instead, they are appointed officials. Ward Councillors, on the other hand, are the elected representatives. Hence, this statement is incorrect.

Thus, only statements 1 and 2 are correct. Therefore, the correct answer is Option B: 1 and 2 Only.

1. Kalpattu Village - Fishing is the primary source of livelihood.
This pair is incorrectly matched. Kalpattu village is primarily involved in farming and other rural activities like animal husbandry and forest produce collection, not fishing.

2. Thulasi - Works as a woman farmer in Ramalingam's farmland.
This pair is correctly matched. Thulasi works in agricultural activities such as transplanting paddy, weeding, and harvesting in Ramalingam's farmland.

3. Pudupet - Known for its catamaran-based fishing.
This pair is correctly matched. Pudupet is indeed noted for its fishing activities using catamarans.

4. Harpreet - A businesswoman involved in setting up garment factories.
This pair is incorrectly matched. Harpreet is a businesswoman who owns readymade showrooms, not garment factories.

Thus, only pairs 2 and 3 are correctly matched.

1. Statement 1 is correct. In Kalpattu village, it is mentioned that nearly two out of every five rural families are agricultural laborer families. This reflects the significant reliance on agricultural labor in rural India.

2. Statement 2 is incorrect. The statement reverses the actual situation. In India, 80 percent of farmers belong to agricultural laborer families, meaning they are not well-off. Only 20 percent of farmers are considered well-off.

3. Statement 3 is correct. People in rural areas are involved in both farming and non-farming activities, such as making utensils and baskets. This shows the diversity in rural livelihoods where people engage in various activities to sustain their living.

Thus, the correct answer is that statements 1 and 3 are correct, making Option C the right choice.

Statement-I mentions that "Ward Councillors are responsible for the construction of hospitals." However, based on the provided information, this statement is incorrect as the responsibility for the construction of hospitals lies with the Municipal Corporation, not the Ward Councillors.
Statement-II states that "The Municipal Corporation takes care of street lights, garbage collection, water supply, and ensuring diseases do not break out in the city." This statement is correct according to the details provided in the text. The Municipal Corporation indeed handles various tasks including street lights, garbage collection, water supply, and disease prevention.
Therefore, the correct answer is option (D) Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct.

1. Ward Councillor - Responsible for street lighting: Correct. Ward Councillors, through their committees, look after water, garbage collection, and street lighting.

2. Municipal Corporation - Runs hospitals and schools: Correct. The Municipal Corporation is responsible for running schools, hospitals, and dispensaries as part of its duties in urban administration.

3. Commissioner - Elected by the people: Incorrect. The Commissioner and the administrative staff are appointed, not elected. Ward Councillors are the elected representatives.

4. Municipal Council - Responsible for garbage collection in small towns: Correct. The Municipal Council is responsible for services like garbage collection in smaller towns.

Statement-I correctly highlights that in rural livelihoods, nearly two out of every five families are agricultural laborer families, representing a significant portion of the workforce engaged in agricultural labor. This statement is accurate based on the information provided in the text.
However, Statement-II inaccurately states that 80 percent of farmers in India belong to the category of agricultural laborers. This is not correct according to the text, which does not specify that such a high percentage of farmers fall under the category of agricultural laborers. The information provided in the text does not support Statement-II, making it incorrect.

The Gram Sabha plays a crucial role in the Panchayati Raj system by having its recommendations binding on the Gram Panchayat. Its key functions include micro-planning, social audit of Panchayat functioning, ratification of accounts, and the identification and approval of beneficiaries. By approving the work of the Gram Panchayat, the Gram Sabha ensures accountability and transparency in local governance.

Statement-I correctly describes the function of the Gram Sabha as a forum where people directly engage with their elected representatives. Statement-II is also accurate as it defines the Gram Panchayat as the executive arm of the Gram Sabha, responsible for implementing decisions made in the Gram Sabha meetings. Therefore, both statements are correct, and Statement-II logically explains the role of the Gram Panchayat as part of the broader Panchayati Raj system.

Thulasi, the woman in the village of Kalpattu, is primarily engaged in farming activities, including tasks like transplanting paddy, weeding, and harvesting. This occupation forms the core of her livelihood, contributing significantly to her daily earnings. In addition to her work in the farmland, she also undertakes household chores like cooking, cleaning, and washing clothes. This reflects the integral role of agriculture in rural livelihoods and the diverse responsibilities shouldered by individuals like Thulasi in sustaining their families and communities.

1. The Gram Sabha has the authority to approve the work done by the Gram Panchayat.
This statement is correct. The Gram Sabha plays a crucial role in approving and overseeing the work of the Gram Panchayat, ensuring that the Panchayat's actions are in line with the needs and desires of the community.

2. The Sarpanch is elected by all the members of the Gram Panchayat.
This statement is incorrect. The Sarpanch is elected by the members of the Gram Sabha, i.e., the registered voters of the village, not by the members of the Gram Panchayat itself.

3. The secretary of the Gram Sabha is appointed by the Gram Panchayat members.
This statement is incorrect. The secretary is appointed by the government and not by the Gram Panchayat members. The secretary assists in the functioning of both the Gram Panchayat and the Gram Sabha.

Therefore, only statement 1 is correct, making Option A the correct answer.

Ward Councillors in urban administration primarily hold the responsibility of making the budget for their respective wards. This task involves careful consideration of the financial allocations for various developmental and welfare activities within the ward. By actively engaging in budgetary decisions, Ward Councillors play a crucial role in determining the priorities and resource allocations for the betterment of their communities.

- Statement 1 is correct. The Patwari indeed plays a key role in conducting land surveys and updating land records, which helps in resolving disputes related to land boundaries and ownership. This function is crucial for maintaining accurate land records and ensuring disputes are resolved based on factual data.

- Statement 2 is correct. The Tehsildar is a revenue officer who supervises the work of the Patwari. Part of their duties includes ensuring that land revenue is collected properly and that the Patwari maintains accurate records. The Tehsildar's oversight helps in the administration of revenue collection and the resolution of land-related disputes.

- Statement 3 is incorrect. The Hindu Succession Amendment Act, 2005, does not apply only to sons. It was specifically introduced to remove gender discrimination and grants equal inheritance rights to daughters as well, making sons, daughters, and their mothers eligible for equal shares in ancestral property. This amendment was a significant step towards gender equality in inheritance laws.

Thus, only statements 1 and 2 are correct.

The primary role of a Patwari in rural administration involves collecting land revenue from farmers and maintaining accurate land records. Patwaris are responsible for measuring land, updating records, organizing revenue collection, and providing essential information to the government about crops grown in the area. Their meticulous work is crucial for maintaining land records and ensuring smooth functioning of the revenue department.