Practice Test: Modern India - 2 - UPSC MCQ

First Jain Council was held at Patliputra under the chairmanship of Sthulabhadra in 300 B.C. It resulted in the compilation of 12 Angas replacing the lost 14 Purvas.

B is the correct option.The Arya Samaj is a kind of militant Hinduism. ... In the early sixties the Brahmo Samaj was a nonHindu body, and under its influence Hindu scholars, thinkers, and students were becoming cosmopolitans. Some became Christians, others took to atheism and became completely westernised.

The correct option is B.
In 1398 the Mongol-Turkish warrior Timur, ruler of Central Asia from his capital at Samarkand, found a pretext to strike south into India. His victory over the sultan of Delhi confirmed the irresistible fighting qualities of his army and the awesome destructiveness that made him a legend of cruelty.

The correct option is D.
Persecution of Buddhists started as early as in the life or soon after the death of King Ashoka according to some like D.N. Jha. Jha writes that according to Kashmiri texts dated to the 12th century, Ashoka's Son Jalauka was a Shaivite and was responsible for the destruction of many Buddhist monasteries.

Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was born at Delhi in 1817. He joined the government services at the age of 20. He provided useful services to the British during the period of the revolt of 1857 and gained their favour which he fruitfully utilised for the service of the Muslim community. But that time, the Muslims had kept themselves aloof from English education and western culture. Their relations with the British were also not harmonious. Rather, the relations between the two became bitter due to the Revolt because the British felt that the Muslims were the active participants in it. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan felt that these were the very factors responsible for their backwardness. He, therefore , fixed two goals which he pursued throughout his life. They were:
1. To attempt for better relations between the Muslims and the English
2. To provide modern education to the Mulsims

The Noble Eightfold Path is an early summary of the path of Buddhist practices leading to liberation from samsara, the painful cycle of rebirth.

The Eightfold Path consists of eight practices: right view, right resolve, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right Samadhi. 

Agra, one of the main historical cities of India, was one of the important cities under Mughal period. The beautiful city Agra came into public interest when Sikandar Lodhi decided to transfer the capital city from Delhi to Agra. It was capital city for some of the great Mughal emperors like Akbar, Jehangir, Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb. For the period of the Mughal period, Agra acquired number of dazzling monuments like Agra Fort, Buland Darwaza, Fatehpur Sikri and Chini ka Rauza.

C is the correct option.According to the Śvētāmbaras, Mahavira expanded Parshvanatha's first four restraints with his ideas on ahimsa (non-violence) and added the fifth monastic vow (celibacy). 

The correct option is C.
He started two newspapers- one in Bangali, called the Sambad Kaumudi and another in persian, called the Mirat-ul-Akbar.
 

Sardeshmukhi was an additional levy of 10% i.e 1/10 of revenue which Shivaji claimed on being the Sardeshmukh (overlord). Shivaji was highly successful in mobilizing the resources using these two taxes. The revenue was assessed as per the Mughal revenue or the Deccan kingdoms revenue.