Test: Pollution of Air & Water- 1 - UPSC MCQ

The process of waste treatment is called sewage treatment. During this process impurities are removed by filtration, sedimentation and chlorination.

A gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation is known as greenhouse gas. Nitrogen is a part of atmospheric gases and it will not contribute to greenhouse effect.

Nitrogen gas is present in atmosphere in maximum amount that is about 78% followed by oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Reduce, reuse and recycle is the formula to conserve natural resource. Replace is not the way to conserve water.

On burning of fossil fuel carbon dioxide gas is mainly produced. Some amount of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide is also produced.

Polluted air contains a number of harmful gases as well as particulate matter floating in air. These gases and suspended particulate matter go to respiratory organs to cause disease.

The water that is purified and fit for drinking is called potable water. Portable water contains a small amount of useful salts.

Fine hairs are present inside the nostril that filters the dust particles while inhaling the air. The mucus inside also prevent entry of dust particles.

Carbon monoxide is produced by the incomplete combustion of fuels like wood, coal, kerosene, petrol and diesel.

Air(Oxygen) is crucial to sustaining life. Though it varies from person to person, on an average, 3 minutes is the maximum time where the person can stay alive without oxygen.

Marble cancer is the phenomenon of corrosion of buildings and monuments due to effect of acid rain.

The acute shortage of water is due to growing population and overuse of water. The sources of water remain same but population has grown many fold.

Sea water is unfit for drinking because it contain large amount of dissolved salts. Sea water cannot be used for even washing the clothes as foam is not formed in such water.

Water can be conserved by rain water harvesting. During this process, rain water is allowed to go inside the earth to increase water table.

Sewage treatment involves primary, secondary and tertiary treatment during which different kinds of impurities are removed. The last stage in treatment is chlorination in which microbes are killed by chlorine.

Van Mahotsav is an annual tree planting festival in the month of July. During this festival thousand of trees are planted all over India.

Water is the most common solvent as it dissolves almost all kinds of solute. Water is also called as universal solvent.

Oxides of sulphur i.e., sulphur dioxide and sulphur trioxide gases present in air combine with moisture and form acids, which come down along with rain water. This is called acid rain.              

Smoke is the combination of fine dust particles along with gases like carbon dioxide in air.

In India, main reason for pollution of rivers is addition of untreated sewage directly into water bodies that contain a number of pollutant.