Direction: Read the following passage and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only. In effect, the Sustainable Development Goals Index celebrates rich countries while turning a blind eye to the damage they are causing. Ecological economists have long warned against this approach. It violates the principle of “strong sustainability,” which holds that good performance on development indicators cannot legitimately substitute for destructive levels of ecological impact. The SDG Index team is aware of this problem. It’s even mentioned in their methodological notes - but then it’s swept under the rug in favor of a final metric that has little grounding in ecological principles. Q. Which one of the following is best reflects the crux of the passage?

The Sustainable Development Goals Index creates the illusion that rich countries have high levels of sustainability even if they do not.

The Nordic countries even with the highest scores on Sustainable Development Goals Index are some of the most environmentally unsustainable countries.

If a country performs well on the development indicators, its score for that goal will look good even if it fails in terms of sustainability.

The United Nations needs to redesign the Sustainable Development Goals Index to correct the issues.

Direction: Read the following two passages and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only. While infrastructure is essential for creating safe and inclusive places, we cannot underplay the importance of changing mindsets. There is a need for the sensitization of students, teachers, and staff in all educational institutions, from primary schools to universities, on understanding and accepting queer and transgender folks. India has taken a step in the right direction by enacting the Transgender Persons Act, which speaks of a trans-inclusive education system wherein transgender students learn with other students without fear of discrimination, neglect, or harassment. Q. Which one of the following statements best reflects the crux of the passage given above?

Both infrastructure and compassion are not the keys to the betterment of transgender persons.

With better ethos and proper implementation of the Act we can make a better world for transgender persons, even with poor infrastructure.

With the help of said Act, transgender folks can make themselves empowered.

India needs to be better sensitized about transgender persons.

Two statements S1 and S2 are given below followed by a question. S1: N is a multiple of 5. S2: Y is a multiple of 4. Q. X is 40% of N, and N is 75% of Y.N and Y are positive integers. X is a positive integer or not?

Both statements together are insufficient to answer the question.

Either statement alone is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 1 alone is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 2 alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

Both statements together are sufficient to answer the question, but neither statement alone is sufficient to answer the question.

Direction: Read the following four passage and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only. In siun, the main aim of transport planning is to make the transport sector more sustainable from a social and environmental point of view while simultaneously allowing tourism to grow. Transport planning and tourism policy have to be integrated to achieve joint environmental and social objectives. In this sense, it is important to create incentives that reduce the need for private cars and minimize the length of time needed to access specific locations. This could lead to substantial welfare gains, in terms of pollution reductions and improved access for rural inhabitants. Q. What is the crucial message conveyed by the above passage?

Separating the transport and tourism policy will be detrimental to the society and environment.

Tourism industry cannot grow without the growth in the transport sector.

Pollution and economic issues of rural inhabitants exist because of poor public transport infrastructure.

Socio-environmental development isdependent on the synergy between transport and tourism policies.

Direction: Read the following four passage and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only. Pesticide resistance is increasing and farmers’ and other pest managers’ dependencies on chemical insecticides have led to a high frequency of insecticide resistance in some crop systems. To fight pesticide resistance and based on a knowledge of the genetics of the development of pesticide resistance, several principles must be adhered to for delaying the emergence of resistance or avoiding it entirely. These principles include pesticide rotation or switching, avoiding unnecessary pesticide applications, using non-chemical control techniques, and leaving untreated refuges where susceptible pests can survive. Q. Which one of the following statements best reflects the central idea of the passage?

Pesticide resistance can be avoided by following the principles of rotation, nonchemical control techniques etc.

Increasing pesticide resistance could lead to food insecurity in the long run.

It is not possible to develop pesticides without the knowledge of the genetics of the pests.

Bio-pesticides should be promoted as an alternative to chemical pesticides to prevent pesticide resistance.

Physical activity is important in a child’s dailylife because

It helps in breaking the monotonous pattern of life.

Otherwise, there will be a lack of physical development in the child.

It improves cognitive functions related to attention and memory to facilitate learning.

Consistent engagement in physical activity can help students refine social skills.

Direction: Read the following four passage and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only. Any suicide is a tragedy of insurmountable proportions for the family. It has multiple ramifications for those left behind. Truly, it is the end point of the collective failure of society. Hence, its prevention begins within the society. Suicides which happen due to coercion and threat of violence are not truly suicides, they are murders committed by all of us. In India, we harbour suicides in our shanties, colonies, homes, colleges, schools and professional institutions. We love the talk of death as a means of retribution. If we do not want that to happen, then we must raise our voices at every act of injustice, abuse, prejudice, threat and violence aimed at the ordinary Indian. Q. Which one of the following is the most rational inference(s) one can draw from the passage?

Society, in many cases, provokes one to commit suicide.

Society is solely responsible for suicide.

Society promotes suicide in order to maintain its supremacy over individuals.

Direction: Read the following four passage and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only. Children growing up in more disadvantaged neighbourhoods - meaning those with poor housing quality, more poverty and lower levels of employment and education - show observable increases in brain activity when viewing emotional faces on a screen. But importantly, this association was true only when the adults in those neighbourhoods also did not have strong shared norms about preventing crime and violence. The findings emphasize that where children live, the resources of others in the neighbourhood may affect brain development. But neighbours may help protect children from these effects on the brain when they can build positive social norms about looking out for one another and preventing violence. Q. Which one of the following statements best implies the crux of the passage?

There’s an impact of the neighbourhood and its values on the brain development of the child.

Poverty in the neighbourhood results in children committing crimes and violence.

Education is the best tool for children for imparting strong shared norms.

There is a need for a child policy which deals with die development of children in disadvantaged neighbourhoods.

UPSC CSE Prelims Paper 2 (CSAT) Mock Test - 1 Free MCQ Practice Test with Solutions

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