UPSC CSE Prelims Paper 2 (CSAT) Mock Test - 1 - UPSC MCQ
30 Questions MCQ Test Mock Test for UPSC Prelims 2025 - UPSC CSE Prelims Paper 2 (CSAT) Mock Test - 1
Direction: Read the following passage and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
In effect, the Sustainable Development Goals Index celebrates rich countries while turning a blind eye to the damage they are causing. Ecological economists have long warned against this approach. It violates the principle of “strong sustainability,” which holds that good performance on development indicators cannot legitimately substitute for destructive levels of ecological impact. The SDG Index team is aware of this problem. It’s even mentioned in their methodological notes - but then it’s swept under the rug in favor of a final metric that has little grounding in ecological principles.
Q. Which one of the following is best reflects the crux of the passage?
Q. Which one of the following is best reflects the crux of the passage?
Direction: Read the following passage and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
While infrastructure is essential for creating safe and inclusive places, we cannot underplay the importance of changing mindsets. There is a need for the sensitization of students, teachers, and staff in all educational institutions, from primary schools to universities, on understanding and accepting queer and transgender folks. India has taken a step in the right direction by enacting the Transgender Persons Act, which speaks of a trans-inclusive education system wherein transgender students learn with other students without fear of discrimination, neglect, or harassment.
With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:
1. Presently every stakeholder in educational institutions is not adequately sensitized about transgender persons.
2.Before the enactment of the Transgender Persons Act, there was no any Act in the country to deal with transgender persons.
3.The said Act will empower the transgender while removing difficulties they face in every sector.
Q. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:
1. Presently every stakeholder in educational institutions is not adequately sensitized about transgender persons.
2.Before the enactment of the Transgender Persons Act, there was no any Act in the country to deal with transgender persons.
3.The said Act will empower the transgender while removing difficulties they face in every sector.
Q. Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
Direction: Read the following two passages and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
While infrastructure is essential for creating safe and inclusive places, we cannot underplay the importance of changing mindsets. There is a need for the sensitization of students, teachers, and staff in all educational institutions, from primary schools to universities, on understanding and accepting queer and transgender folks. India has taken a step in the right direction by enacting the Transgender Persons Act, which speaks of a trans-inclusive education system wherein transgender students learn with other students without fear of discrimination, neglect, or harassment.
Q. Which one of the following statements best reflects the crux of the passage given above?
The price of an item is decreased by 10%, then by 20%, and finally by 30%. This is equivalent to:
A number is multiplied by one-sixth, then divided by one-seventh, and then multiplied by seven-tenth. Result is what percent of the original number?
of the original number.M is 35% of N; L is 25% of N. What percent of M is L?
Two statements S1 and S2 are given below followed by a question.
S1: N is a multiple of 5.
S2: Y is a multiple of 4.
Q. X is 40% of N, and N is 75% of Y.N and Y are positive integers. X is a positive integer or not?
In an election contested by two parties, Party D secured 12% of the total votes more than Party R. If party R got 132,000 votes and there are no invalid votes, then by how many votes did it lose the election?
A candidate who gets 20% marks, fails by 10 marks. Another candidate who gets 42% marks, gets 12% of the maximum marks more than the passing marks. Find the maximum marks.
When processing flower-nectar into honeybees' extract, a considerable amount of water gets wasted. How much flower-nectar must be processed to yield 1 kg of honey, if nectar contains 50% water, and the honey obtained from this nectar contains 15% water?
30% of the men are more than 25 years old, and 80% of the men are less than or equal to 50 years old. 20% of all men play football. If 20% of the men above the age of 50 play football, what percentage of the football players are less than or equal to 50 years?
Lucknow Shatabdi Express has a capacity of 500 seats of which 10% are in the Executive class and the rest are chair cars. During one journey, the train was booked to 85% of its capacity. If the Executive class was booked to 96% of its capacity, then how many chair car seats were empty during that journey?
If the difference between P and R is r% of R, and the sum of P and R is 210, then which of the following statements is always true?
How much water must be added to a 100 cc of 80% solution of boric acid to reduce it to a 50% solution?
If A's salary is 25% higher than B's salary, then how much per cent is B's salary lower than A's?
Direction: Read the following four passage and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
In siun, the main aim of transport planning is to make the transport sector more sustainable from a social and environmental point of view while simultaneously allowing tourism to grow. Transport planning and tourism policy have to be integrated to achieve joint environmental and social objectives. In this sense, it is important to create incentives that reduce the need for private cars and minimize the length of time needed to access specific locations. This could lead to substantial welfare gains, in terms of pollution reductions and improved access for rural inhabitants.
Q. What is the crucial message conveyed by the above passage?
Direction: Read the following four passage and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
Pesticide resistance is increasing and farmers’ and other pest managers’ dependencies on chemical insecticides have led to a high frequency of insecticide resistance in some crop systems. To fight pesticide resistance and based on a knowledge of the genetics of the development of pesticide resistance, several principles must be adhered to for delaying the emergence of resistance or avoiding it entirely. These principles include pesticide rotation or switching, avoiding unnecessary pesticide applications, using non-chemical control techniques, and leaving untreated refuges where susceptible pests can survive.
Q. Which one of the following statements best reflects the central idea of the passage?
Direction: Read the following four passage and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
Packaging is enclosing the food material in a container to ensure the delivery of the product in the best condition to the consumer for final use. Therefore, good packaging plays a vital role in developing the image and brand of the company product. Intelligent food packaging incorporating nanosensors can provide information on the state of the food inside. It is recommended that nano packaging should be designed in such a way to release antimicrobials, antioxidants, flavour enzymes and nutraceuticals to extend the shelf life of the food products. There is a need to undertake further toxicological and migration studies to ensure the safe development of nanotechnologies in the food packaging industry.
Q. Which of the following is/are the most rational and logical inference/ inferences that can be made from the passage?
1. Including nanosensors in packaging will increase the cost of packaging for companies.
2. There is limited understanding of the use of nanotechnology in the packaging industry.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Direction: Read the following four passage and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
Today about 25% of modern pharmacopoeia are derived from plants. World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that about 80% of the developing country's population still relies on traditional medicines, mostly plant drugs, to help meet their health care needs. Also, there is an increase in the demand for plant products in both developing and developed countries because of several advantages such as no side effects, non-toxic, and affordable prices. Plants provide the raw material for industries producing pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, perfumes, and fragrance flavours imparting biochemical. Therefore, there is an urgent need for conservation, sustainable utilization, and management of plant genetic resources of the region to meet the growing requirements of food, fodder, fibre, health, water, and other needs.
Q. According to the passage above, what are the different uses of plants?
1. Preparation of medicines
2. Consumption of food
3. Prevention of soil erosion
4. Making perfumes
5. Controlling air pollution
Select the correct answer from code below:
Direction: Read the following four passage and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
Today about 25% of modern pharmacopoeia are derived from plants. World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that about 80% of the developing country's population still relies on traditional medicines, mostly plant drugs, to help meet their health care needs. Also, there is an increase in the demand for plant products in both developing and developed countries because of several advantages such as no side effects, non-toxic, and affordable prices. Plants provide the raw material for industries producing pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, perfumes, and fragrance flavours imparting biochemical. Therefore, there is an urgent need for conservation, sustainable utilization, and management of plant genetic resources of the region to meet the growing requirements of food, fodder, fibre, health, water, and other needs.
Q. Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:
1. Developed nations are mainly dependent on chemical-based medicines.
2. Many plant genetic resources are getting extinct because of the increasing loss of biodiversity.
Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
Direction: Read the following four passage and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
When physical activity is used as a break from academic learning time, post-engagement effects include better attention, increased on-task behaviours, and improved academic performance. Comparisons between 1st-grade students housed in a classroom with stand-sit desks where the child could stand at his/her discretion and in classrooms containing traditional furniture showed that the former children were highly likely to stand, thus expending significantly more energy than those who were seated. More important, teachers can offer physical activity breaks as part of a supplemental curriculum or simply as a way to reset student attention during a lesson and when provided with minimal training can efficaciously produce vigorous or moderate energy expenditure in students. Further, after-school physical activity programs have demonstrated the ability to improve cardiovascular endurance, and this increase in aerobic fitness has been shown to mediate improvements in academic performance, as well as the allocation of neural resources underlying performance on a working memory task.
Q. Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:
1. Students should be provided with frequent physical activity breaks that are developmentally appropriate.
2. Students respond better to a variety of cognitive tasks after participating in a session of physical activity.
Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
Physical activity is important in a child’s dailylife because
A report consists of 20 sheets, each having 55 lines and each such line consists of 65 characters. This report is retyped into sheets having 65 lines, such that each line consists of 70 characters. The percentage reduction in number of sheets is close to:
A person who has a certain amount with him goes to a market. He can buy 50 oranges or 40 mangoes with the amount he has. However, he retains 10% of the amount for taxi fares, buys 20 mangoes, and purchases oranges with the remaining amount. Number of oranges he purchased is:
Forty per cent of the employees of a certain company are men, and 75% of the men earn more than Rs. 425,000 per year. If 45% of the company’s employees earn more than Rs. 425,000 per year, what fraction of the women employed by the company earn Rs. 425,000 or less per year?
Direction: Read the following four passage and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
Any suicide is a tragedy of insurmountable proportions for the family. It has multiple ramifications for those left behind. Truly, it is the end point of the collective failure of society. Hence, its prevention begins within the society. Suicides which happen due to coercion and threat of violence are not truly suicides, they are murders committed by all of us. In India, we harbour suicides in our shanties, colonies, homes, colleges, schools and professional institutions. We love the talk of death as a means of retribution. If we do not want that to happen, then we must raise our voices at every act of injustice, abuse, prejudice, threat and violence aimed at the ordinary Indian.
Q. Which one of the following is the most rational inference(s) one can draw from the passage?
Any suicide is a tragedy of insurmountable proportions for the family. It has multiple ramifications for those left behind. Truly, it is the end point of the collective failure of society. Hence, its prevention begins within the society. Suicides which happen due to coercion and threat of violence are not truly suicides, they are murders committed by all of us. In India, we harbour suicides in our shanties, colonies, homes, colleges, schools and professional institutions. We love the talk of death as a means of retribution. If we do not want that to happen, then we must raise our voices at every act of injustice, abuse, prejudice, threat and violence aimed at the ordinary Indian.
Q. Which one of the following acts represents us as insensitive human beings according to the passage?
1. Raising voice at every act of injustice.
2. Loving the talk of death.
Direction: Read the following four passage and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
Children growing up in more disadvantaged neighbourhoods - meaning those with poor housing quality, more poverty and lower levels of employment and education - show observable increases in brain activity when viewing emotional faces on a screen. But importantly, this association was true only when the adults in those neighbourhoods also did not have strong shared norms about preventing crime and violence. The findings emphasize that where children live, the resources of others in the neighbourhood may affect brain development. But neighbours may help protect children from these effects on the brain when they can build positive social norms about looking out for one another and preventing violence.
Which of the following is/are the most rational and logical Inference/Inferences that can be made from the passage?
1. There is a visible impact of adult behaviour on the brain of children.
2. Imparting positive values in children through socialization is not the sole responsibility of the family.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Direction: Read the following four passage and answer the items that follow each passage. Your answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
Children growing up in more disadvantaged neighbourhoods - meaning those with poor housing quality, more poverty and lower levels of employment and education - show observable increases in brain activity when viewing emotional faces on a screen. But importantly, this association was true only when the adults in those neighbourhoods also did not have strong shared norms about preventing crime and violence. The findings emphasize that where children live, the resources of others in the neighbourhood may affect brain development. But neighbours may help protect children from these effects on the brain when they can build positive social norms about looking out for one another and preventing violence.
Q. Which one of the following statements best implies the crux of the passage?
In a class, 40% of the boys is same as half of the girls, and there are 20 girls in total. Total number of students in the class is:
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