Test: Physical Features Of India- 2 - UPSC MCQ

Hills in the south-east of Eastern Ghats

- Javadi Hills: Located in the south-eastern part of the Eastern Ghats, the Javadi Hills are a range of hills in the Eastern Ghats of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh. They are known for their rich biodiversity and are home to several wildlife species.

- Shevroy Hills: Also situated in the south-eastern region of the Eastern Ghats, the Shevroy Hills are a range of hills in the Eastern Ghats of Tamil Nadu. They are known for their scenic beauty and are a popular tourist destination for nature lovers and trekkers.

Luni is the river in Rajasthan. It originates in Pushkar valley of Aravali range near Ajmer, passes through the southeastern portion of the Thar Desert and ends in the marshy lands of Rann of Kutch in Gujarat after travelling a distance of 495 km.

One of the distinct features of the peninsular plateau is the black soil area known as Deccan Trap.

Answer:
The correct answer is A: The peninsular part.
The peninsular part of India has the oldest landmass compared to the other options.
Explanation:
The division of India with the oldest landmass is the peninsular part. This region is located in the southern part of India and is primarily composed of ancient rocks and landforms. Here is a detailed explanation:
1. Peninsular Part:
- The peninsular part of India is a large landmass that includes the Deccan Plateau, the Western Ghats, and the Eastern Ghats.
- It is primarily composed of ancient rocks and landforms that have been formed over billions of years.
- The peninsular part is considered the oldest part of India's landmass.
2. Himalayan Mountain:
- The Himalayan mountain range is a relatively younger landform compared to the peninsular part.
- It was formed due to the collision of the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates, which began around 50 million years ago.
- The Himalayas are still actively growing and are known for their young and towering peaks.
3. Vindhya Mountain:
- The Vindhya mountain range is also younger compared to the peninsular part.
- It is located in central India and is known for its relatively lower elevation compared to the Himalayas.
- The Vindhya range was formed due to tectonic activities and erosion over millions of years.
4. All the above:
- While all the options mentioned (peninsular part, Himalayan mountain, and Vindhya mountain) are part of India's landmass, the peninsular part is the oldest among them.
In conclusion, the peninsular part of India has the oldest landmass compared to the other divisions mentioned. It is composed of ancient rocks and landforms that have been shaped over billions of years.

The western part of the northern plains are dominated by​ the river Indus and its tributaries are responsible for forming it.

A landmass bounded by the sea on three sides is referred to as Peninsula.

Highest Peak in India

• Kanchenjunga is the highest peak in India, located in the Indian state of Sikkim.
• It is the third highest peak in the world, with an elevation of 8,586 meters (28,169 feet).
• Kanchenjunga is part of the Himalayan mountain range and is considered sacred by the local people.
• Mt. Everest, on the other hand, is the highest peak in the world, but it is located in Nepal, not in India.
• Other peaks mentioned, such as Nanga Parbat and Nanda Devi, are also not the highest peaks in India.

The China–Nepal border runs across Mt. Everest's summit point. Its elevation of 8,848 m was most recently established in 2020 by the Nepali and Chinese authorities.

Himalayan mountain range runs west-northwest to east-southeast in an arc 2,400 km (1,500 mi) long. 

The part of the Himalayas lying between the rivers Satluj and Kali is known as Kumaon Himalayas.

The Kumaon Himalayas lie in Uttarakhand and extend from the Satluj to the Kali river. The Lesser Himalayas in Kumaon Himalaya is represented by the Mussoorie and Nag Tiba ranges.

The Shiwaliks ranges of the Himalayas are composed of unconsolidated sediments brought down by rivers.

Chilika Lake is the largest saltwater lake in India. The lake spreads across the districts of Puri, Khurda and Ganjam in the state of Odisha in eastern India.

Some vital features of Chilika Lake are: It is formed by 52 rivers and rivulets, the water spread area of Chilika varies between 900 to 1165 sq.

Many valleys are situated in the Himachal range. Among them Kashmir valley (in jammu and Kashmir), Kangra and Kullu valleys (in Himachal Pradesh) are some of the examples.

In ancient times, Aravalli were extremely high but since have worn down almost completely by millions of years of weathering, where as the Himalayas being young fold mountains are still continuously rising.