KVS PRT Mock Test - 4 - KVS PGT/TGT/PRT MCQ

Use structure “subject + auxiliary + past participle + by + object”
As per the given above sentence is given in Passive Voice.
Cakes are baked by my mother.
Hence , option C will be correct answer .

जुग जुग जिओ मे वाक्य के भेद का सबसे अच्छा विकल्प इच्छावाचक है।

‘रोटी’ शब्द स्त्रीलिंग है। अतः इसका सही उत्तर ‘रोटी’ होगा।
Key Points

स्पष्टीकरण:

• पहाड़, पीतल और नीलम शब्द पुल्लिंग हैं।
• ‘रोटी’ शब्द स्त्रीलिंग है।

वाक्य -

• रोटी की बनावट गोल होनी चाहिए।
• रोटी खाने की वस्तु है।

Mistake Points

• रत्नों के नाम पुल्लिंग होते हैं। जैसे- नीलम, पुखराज, मूँगा, माणिक्य, मोती, हीरा, पन्ना आदि।
• नीलम एक रत्न है, इसलिए पुल्लिंग शब्द होगा

जिसकी उतर गई लोई उसका क्या करेगा कोई- लोकोक्ति का सही अर्थ वाला विकल्प निर्लज्ज को किसी की परवाह नहीं होती होगा।

• वाक्य प्रयोग :- जब लोगों ने उसे बिरादरी से ख़ारिज कर दिया है अब वह खुलेआम आवारागर्दी कर रहा है सही कहा जाता है कि 'जिसकी उतर गई लोई तो क्या करेगा कोई’।

Key Points अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण -

Additional Informationलोकोक्ति :- किसी विशेष स्थान पर प्रसिद्ध हो जाने वाले वाक्य को ‘लोकोक्ति’ कहते हैं।

• जब कोई पूरा कथन किसी प्रसंग विशेष में उद्धत किया जाता है तो लोकोक्ति कहलाता है। इसी को कहावत भी कहते है।
• लोकोक्ति शब्द दो शब्दों से मिलकर बना हैं – लोक + उक्ति = लोकोक्ति
• अर्थात ऐसी उक्ति जो किसी क्षेत्र विशेष में किसी विशेष अर्थ की ओर संकेत करती हैं लोकोक्ति कहलाती हैं। लोकोक्तियों को कहावत, सुक्ति आदि नामों से जाना जाता हैं।

Each computer connected to the internet must have a unique IP address.

Here is a detailed explanation:

1. What is an IP address?

• An IP (Internet Protocol) address is a unique numerical identifier assigned to each device connected to a computer network.


• It serves as a way to identify and communicate with devices over the internet.


• IP addresses are divided into two types: IPv4 (32-bit) and IPv6 (128-bit).

2. Importance of unique IP address:

• Each computer on the internet must have a unique IP address to establish a connection and communicate with other devices.


• Without a unique IP address, there would be conflicts and confusion in routing data between devices.


• IP addresses allow for the proper delivery of data packets across the internet.

3. Obtaining a unique IP address:

• Internet Service Providers (ISPs) assign IP addresses to their customers.


• Dynamic IP addresses are assigned temporarily and can change over time.


• Static IP addresses are permanent and do not change.


• Devices can also use Network Address Translation (NAT) to share a single IP address among multiple devices within a local network.

4. IP address format:

• IPv4 addresses are written as four sets of numbers separated by periods (e.g., 192.168.0.1).


• IPv6 addresses are written as eight groups of four hexadecimal digits separated by colons (e.g., 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334).

5. Role of routers:

• Routers play a crucial role in connecting devices to the internet.


• They assign unique IP addresses to devices within a local network and handle the routing of data packets to the appropriate destinations.

In conclusion, each computer connected to the internet requires a unique IP address to establish proper communication and data transfer. This unique identifier ensures that data packets are correctly routed between devices and allows for efficient connectivity across the internet.

To edit an embedded organization chart object, you can follow these steps:
1. Double-click the organization chart object:
- This is the most common and straightforward method to edit an embedded organization chart object.
- Simply double-click on the chart object, and it will open in an editable mode, allowing you to make changes.
2. Right-click the chart object:
- Another way to edit the organization chart object is by right-clicking on it.
- A context menu will appear, and then you can select the option to edit the chart object.
- The specific option may vary depending on the software or platform you are using.
3. Click the edit object:
- Some software or platforms may have an explicit "edit object" button or option.
- In this case, you can simply click on the edit object button to open the organization chart in an editable mode.
4. Combination of (b) and (c):
- Sometimes, both the double-click and right-click methods may be available in the software or platform you are using.
- In such cases, you can use either method to edit the organization chart object.
In summary, you can edit an embedded organization chart object by double-clicking on it, right-clicking and selecting the edit option, or using an explicit edit object button. The specific method may vary depending on the software or platform you are using.

Autism is a PDD (Pervasive Development Disorder) considered to be- 

• The result of some structural differences in the brain that are usually evident at birth or become apparent as the child begins to develop.
• Autism is a development disorder which involves a wide range of problematic behaviour.
• This includes a defect in language, perception, motor development not related to reality and social situations.
• Sometimes intellectual ability is also hindered as there is an impairment on memory as well.

Key Points

There is no single intervention protocol for all children with autism; however, most individuals respond best to highly structured behavioural programs.

• PECS is a method to teach Autistic children-
  • It is a type of augmentative and alternative communication technique where individuals with little or no verbal ability learn to communicate using picture cards.
  • Children use the pictures to "vocalize" a desire, observation, or feeling.
  • Many children with autism learn visually, and therefore, this type of communication technique has been shown to be effective in improving independent communication skills. 
• Some other most commonly used behaviour programs are- 
  • Applied Behaviour Analysis (ABA)
  • Verbal Behaviour Intervention
  • Floor Time
  • Gluten Free, Casein Free Diet (GFCF)
  • Occupational Therapy
  • Relationship Development Intervention (RDI)Sensory Integration
  • TherapyJASPER (Joint Attention Symbolic Play Engagement Regulation) etc.

Thus from above-mentioned points, it is clear that PECS is a method to teach Autistic children. 

A community is a social group determined by geographical boundaries and/or common values and interests. Its members know and interact with each other. It functions within a particular social structure and exhibits and creates certain norms and values, and social institutions.

Key Points

• Community Engagement in education can be acknowledged as a key driving force that has influenced the efforts of eliminating the problems and hindrances in the path of providing quality education for the education deprived. 
• Though it is a known fact that problems like low school enrollment are the reason for a large chunk of the community being education deprived. But it is not the root cause, neither it is the solution. It is barely an observation that can lead us to the solution. Here low school enrollment indicates that school is still beyond reach, either physically or financially for many of those who need it. 
• Successful engagement of the community as a provider of education can open multiple service channels of education for the deprived students. 
• Involvement of the community can facilitate better school management as it will increase the accountability at a community level for quality education. 
• The indulgence of community in education will ensure the preservation of cultural heritage and history through the learning channel and would create a coherence between the culture and the subjects. This synchronization of community with education will help in the better contribution of local human resources and would parallelly be productive for the community as well.

Thus, it is concluded that community engagement refers to the establishment of sustainable relationships with the local community to improve students learning and wellbeing and assists students to understand their role in the broader community.

Hint

• ​Community participation is an active process of working groups to define the needs of the community. This takes place based on dialogue, sharing of understanding, and ensuring that the needs that are acted upon are based on informed decision-making and represent the interest of all sections of the community.
• Socialization is a process of learning the rules, habits, and values of a group to which a person belongs whether it is family, friends, colleagues or any other group. It is the process by which a child slowly becomes aware of her/himself as a member of a group and gains knowledge about the culture of the family and also the society into which she/he is born.

Childhood begins when the relative dependency of babyhood is over, at approximately the age of two years, and extends to the time when the child becomes sexually mature, at about thirteen years on average for a girl and fourteen for a boy. After children become sexually mature, they are known as adolescents.Key Points

• During this long period of time about eleven years for girls and twelve years for boys, marked changes occur in the child both physically and psychologically.
• As boys begin their puberty growth spurt approximately a year later than girls, they tend to be slightly
  shorter and lighter in weight than girls of the same age.
• The growth spurt is completed in girls around the age of 17-19 years as the growth spurt starts in them early all changes happen in them till the age of 19.
• Boys begin growing later than girls and carry on for longer, after the girls have stopped growing. The growth spurt in boys begins around 13- 14 years and ends at 16-17 years.

​​​​Hence, statement I is correct. 

Piaget identified four stages in the cognitive development process from infancy to adolescence. Each stage represents different qualities of thought and is built on the abilities acquired during the previous stage. 

Key Points 

Cognitive growth during adolescence involves not only adding more facts to one's storehouse of knowledge but also qualitative increases in intellectual abilities with more complicated problems in daily life. The characteristic of adolescence are:

• Developed analytical ability and power to synthesize.
• Developed discriminatory power and personal fable.
• Developed the ability to make an accurate generalization.
• Developed the ability in manipulating abstract knowledge.
• Preference for the scientific method over the trial and error method.
• Increased ability to investigate infinite options instead of only two-valued orientation.
• Tendency to self-criticize and evaluate one's self.
• Preference for logical decision-making and rationality
• Developed a sense of moral maturity at the adolescence level 

Thus, it is concluded that according to Piaget, a personal fable is a characteristic of adolescence.

Lev Vygotsky is a Russian Psychologist who proposed the theory of Socio-cultural development. In this theory, Vygotsky emphasizes the role of society and culture in the development of the child.

Key Points  Vygotsky also proposed three basic needs of students during learning, these are:

• ZPD (zone of proximal development):  The difference between the learning of a child by self and the learning of a child with the help of others(society, culture, etc).
• Scaffolding: Scaffolding is the term, given by Vygotsky, in which he proposed that the temporary help given by the teachers, family, friends, etc. to the children in his learning. 
  • ​When students enter the lab for the first time, the teacher assists them in identifying the equipment. Lev Vygotsky claimed that the teacher's role symbolizes scaffolding.
• MKO (more knowledgeable others)- Vygotsky defined the “More Knowledgeable Other” (MKO) as anyone who has a better understanding or a higher ability level than the learner, particularly in regard to a specific task, concept, or process. MKO could be teachers, parents, tutors, and even peers.

​As a result, the teacher helps the students identify the equipment when they enter the lab for the first time. According to Lev Vygotsky, the role of the teacher represents a Scaffolding person. 

Important Points  According to Vygotsky, there are three main factors that affect the learning of the child and these are- Social interaction, Culture, and Language:

• Social interaction: ​​Children try to interact with people.
  • Example: Peer groups, family members, etc.
• Culture: ​Children adopt the culture through interaction. 
• Language: Children can easily intimate their primary language through interaction or communication.

Adjustment means the reaction to the demands and pressures of the social environment imposed upon the individual. The demand to which the individual has to react may be external or internal. Psychologists have viewed 'adjustment' from two important perspectives. For one, adjustment is an achievement and for another, adjustment is a process. The first point of view emphasizes the quality or efficiency of adjustment and the second lays emphasis on the process by which an individual adjusts to his external environment. 

Key Points

However, as a teacher, what is your role towards your students when they face such problems or situations? The implications are analysed and discussed as follows. The role of the teacher is to: 

• Identify the problem and maladjusted children
• Reinforce the isolated
• Transform aggression
• Encourage healthy development of self
  • If you, as a teacher, possess values like honesty, truthfulness, sincerity and perseverance, naturally the students will develop the same sentiments towards you and admire you. By emulating the personality of such teachers, they develop master-sentiment in themselves. Apart from this, you should encourage the students to read autobiographies of great personalities like Mahatma Gandhi. Vlvekananda, Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad, Ambedkar, etc. 
• Train in will-power
• Refurbish the skills of counselling

Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that the role of the teacher in encouraging healthy development of self in students is to possess values like honesty, truthfulness, sincerity and perseverance.

The term “rehabilitation” refers to a process aimed at enabling persons with disabilities to reach and maintain their optimal physical, sensory, intellectual, psychiatric, and social functional levels, thus providing them with the tools to change their lives towards a higher level of independence.

Key Points

• Rehabilitation is defined as “a set of interventions designed to optimize functioning and reduce disability in individuals with health conditions in interaction with their environment".
• Rehabilitation helps a child, adult, or older person to be as independent as possible in everyday activities and enables participation in education, work, recreation, and meaningful life roles such as taking care of family.
• It is done by addressing underlying conditions (such as pain) and improving the way individual functions in everyday life, supporting them to overcome difficulties with thinking, seeing, hearing, communicating, eating or moving around.
• Rehabilitation helps to minimize or slow down the disabling effects of chronic health conditions, by equipping people with self-management strategies and the assistive products they require, or by addressing pain or other complications.
• Rehabilitation is not only for people with long-term or physical impairments. Rather, rehabilitation is a core health service for anyone with an acute or chronic health condition, impairment, or injury that limits functioning, and as such should be available for anyone who needs it.

Thus, it is concluded that process aimed at enabling persons with disabilities to reach and maintain their optimal physical, sensory, intellectual, and social functional levels is rehabilitation.

Additional Information

• Preservation is the act or process of keeping something safe from damage or deterioration.
• Conservation is the careful use of natural resources (such as trees, oil, etc.) to prevent them from being lost or wasted.
• Integration is the act of bringing together smaller components into a single system that functions as one.

Schools contribute majorly to the overall development of children. They are responsible for the growth and development of children in various aspects. 

Important Points

• Parent-Teacher Association ensures effective and cooperative learning with the involvement of parents, teachers, and staff of the school.
  • It facilitates parental participation in the school to monitor and support the progress of the child.
  • The parent-teacher meeting benefits both the teacher and parent to agree about the goal and achievement of the child.
• For effective functioning of School Management, the responsibility lies on its various stakeholders.
• The term stakeholders mean all those individuals, groups, and organizations who have an interest in the school and its success.
• These stakeholders include the Principal, administrators, teachers, managers, boards, non-teaching staff and parents (by actively participating in the school management committee, PTA meetings, etc) and other community members who play either a direct or indirect role in the efficient management of a school.
• So, PTA, board, and staff communicate closely and regularly so that all sectors of the school community are working effectively towards achieving common goals.

Hence, option 4 is correct.

The correct answer is 'till'.

Key Points

• The line given in the passage: I think I'll wait ________ Saturday before I decided what to do.
• The line requires the blank to be filled with a word that means up to Saturday.
• 'till' can be used as preposition or conjunction and means up to (the point in time or the event mentioned); until.
  • e.g. I will have to stay in till afternoon.

Hence, the correct answer is Option 3.

Additional Information

• unto is a preposition and is an archaic form of both to and until, but nowadays, it doesn't find much use whether in writing or spoken English.
  • e.g. Do unto others as you would have done to you.
• before means during the period of time preceding a particular event or time. It can also mean in front of. It can be used both as preposition and conjunction.
  • e.g. Raj had approached him before we could even make an introduction
• from is a preposition indicating the point in space scale, or range at which a journey, motion, or action starts,
  • e.g. He has been released from the penitentiary this Monday.

The correct answer is - "Present Indefinite Tense"

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Present Indefinite Tense,
• Present Indefinite Tense uses for universal fact, regular action, habits and irregular action.
• The structure of the Present Indefinite Tense is -
  • Subject + Verb ( s/es form ) + object.( when subject singular )
  • Subject + Verb (1st form) + object.( when subject plural)
    • Eg. He plays badminton.
• Thus, Option 2 is correct.

The correct answer is - "Boys will plan for a party."

Key Points

• The given sentence is in Present Continuous Tense.
• The structure of the Future Indefinite Tense is -
  • ​Structure - Subject + will / shall + Verb (1st form) + Object
    • Eg. He will plan for holiday.
• Shall is used with First person 'I' and 'we'.
• Will is used for all other persons.
• Therefore, Option 2 shows the sentence correctly in the Future Indefinite Tense.

Correct Sentence: Boys will plan for a party.

The correct answer is "Proper noun"

Key Points

• Names of people, places or organizations are proper nouns.
• Look at the following examples:
  • Let me introduce you to Bobby.
  • The capital of Australia is Canberra.
  • He is the CEO of BCCI.
  • I was born in February.
• Europe is the name of a continent.

The correct answer is 'will you?'

Key Points

• Question tag - Question tags are the short questions that are used at the end of the sentence.
  • It is used to confirm if the statement is meant to be true or not.
• Sometimes it is also used to evoke a reply from the person to whom the speaker is asking.
  • Example - The weather is getting very hot, isn’t it?
• ​A positive statement is followed by a negative question tag.
  • Example - Jack is from Spain, isn't he?
• A negative statement is followed by a positive question tag.
  • Example - They aren't funny, are they?
• Thus, the correct question tag for the given sentence is 'will you?'

Hence, the correct answer is option (2).

• 'कमल' का अर्थ - पानी में होनेवाला एक पौधा उसका पुष्प।
  • कमल शब्द के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द - तामरस, मकरन्द, पंकरुह, कुमुदनी, सरसिज।
• जलद का अर्थ - मेघ, जल प्रदान करने वाला।
  • जलद के पर्यायवाची शब्द - धराधर, अम्बुद, पयोधर, बादल।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प

• कुवलय, राजीव व अंबुज दोनों का अर्थ कमल होता है।

दिये गए विकल्पों में 'से' यह विभक्ति चिन्ह अपादान कारक के रूप में प्रयुक्त हुआ है। अन्य विकल्प सही उत्तर नहीं हैं।

Key Points

• 'वृक्ष से पत्ते गिरते हैं।' वाक्य में 'से' कारक अलग होने के अर्थ में प्रयुक्त हुआ है।
• जब संज्ञा या सर्वनाम के किसी रूप से किन्हीं दो वस्तुओं के अलग होने का बोध होता है, तब वहां अपादान कारक होता है।
• अत: इस वाक्य में अपादान कारक है।

Additional Information

Confusion Points

• साधन के रूप में 'से' विभक्ति चिन्ह करण कारक के रूप में प्रयुक्त होता है।
• जैसे - चाक़ू से वह फल काटता है।

Concept used:

If a number is divisible by 12, then it must be divisible by 3 and 4 both.

Divisibility rule of 3: The divisibility rule of 3 states that if the sum of all the digits of a number is divisible by 3, then we can say that the number is also divisible by 3.

Divisibility rule of 4: The divisibility rule of 4 states if the last two digits in a number are divisible by 4, the original number is divisible by 4.

Calculation:

Number is 78584P6

Now, for the divisibility of 12.

⇒ P6 must be divisible by 4.

⇒ Now, we take the largest value of P as 9.

⇒ P6 becomes 96, which is divisible by 4.

⇒ The given number divisible by 12, when 7858496 is divisible by 3.

⇒ 7858496 is divisible by 3 when '7+8+5+8+4+9+6 = 47' must be divisible by 3, which is not true.

⇒ The value of P is not 9.

⇒ Now, we take the value of P as 7.

⇒ P6 becomes 76, which is divisible by 4.

⇒ The given number divisible by 12, when 7858476 is divisible by 3.

⇒ 7858476 is divisible by 3 when '7+8+5+8+4+7+6 = 45' is divisible by 3, which is true.

⇒ The value of P is 7.

∴ The value of P is 7.

Given:

Given data = 8, 21, 8, 17, 16, 17, 8, 11, 5, 17, 19, 8 and 27

Concept used:

Mode∶ The number which appears most times in a set of numbers is called Mode.

Calculation:

In the given set of data 8 appears the maximum number of times ie 4

∴ The mode of the given set of data is 8

Given:

Area of a circular park = 12474 m²

Width of the path = 3.5 m

Formulas used:

Area of circle = πr²

Area of the path = Area of the park with path - Area of the park

Calculation:

Area of the park = 12474 m²

⇒ πr² = 12474

⇒ r² = 12474 × 7/22 = 81 × 49

⇒ r = 63 m

New radius with the width of the park = R = 63 m + 3.5 m = 66.5 m

∴ Area of the path = πR² - πr²

⇒ 22/7 × 66.5 × 66.5 - 12474

⇒ 13898.5 - 12474

⇒ 1424.5 m²

Given:

A can complete the work in = 6 days

B can complete the work in = 10 days

B can complete the work in = 15 days

A works for = 2 days

Concept used:

Efficiency = (Total work)/(Total time)

Calculations:

Let B and C works for x days

A’s 1 day work = 1/6

B’s 1 day work = 1/10

C’s 1 day work = 1/15

⇒ (2/6) + (x/10) + (x/15) = 1

⇒ (15 + 10)x/150 = 2/3

⇒ 25x/150 = 2/3

⇒ x/6 = 2/3

⇒ x = (2/3) × 6

⇒ x = 4 days

∴ B and C can finish the remaining work in (4 - 2) = 2 more days

Alternate Method

Total work = 30 (LCM of 6, 10, and 15)

A’s efficiency = 30/6 = 5

B's efficiency = 30/10 = 3

C’s efficiency = 30/15 = 2

A works for 2 days and B and C works for x days to complete the work

⇒ 5 × 2 + 3x + 2x = 30

⇒ 5x = 30 – 10 = 20

⇒ x = 4 days

∴ B and C can finish the remaining work in (4 - 2) = 2 more days

Concept:

• Proper food and diet are necessary for proper nutrition and development.
• A balanced diet is very important for growing and young children.
• Children need a balanced diet with food from all 3 food groups: vegetables and fruit, whole grain products, and protein foods.

Explanation:

Thus, prolonged intake of samosa, cutlets and bread will cause obesity in Mira and an iron deficiency diet will cause anaemia in Divya.

Additional Information

• The earth is surrounded by a huge blanket of air called the atmosphere.
• All living beings on this earth depend on the atmosphere for their survival.
• It provides us with the air we breathe and protects us from the harmful effects of the sun’s rays.
• Without this blanket of protection, we would be baked alive by the heat of the sun during the day and get frozen during the night.

Key Points

Composition of the atmosphere:

• The air we take in while breathing is actually a mixture of many gases.
• Nitrogen and oxygen are two gases that make up the bulk of the atmosphere.
• Carbon dioxide, helium, ozone, argon and hydrogen are found in lesser quantities.
• Apart from these gases, tiny dust particles are also present in the air.
• These dust particles present in the air are commonly referred to as aerosols.

Important Points

The atmospheric composition of gases by volume are as follow:

Thus, the most abundant rare gas in the atmosphere is Argon.

Concept:

• Speed = Distance/Time
• Average Speed = (Total distance covered / Total time taken)

Given:

• Time is given in 24hrs format.
• Train departure time from Ahmedabad: 30th August, 13:30 hours.
• Arrival time of the train at Trivandrum: 1st September, 7:30 hours.
• The distance between Ahmedabad and Trivandrum is 2268 km.

Explanation:

Time is taken for the complete journey:

• From 30th August, 13:30 hours to 31st August, 13:30 hours = 24 hours
• From 31st August, 13:30 hours to 1st September, 1:30 hours = 12 hours
• From 1st September, 1:30 hours to 1st September, 7:30 hours = 6 hours
• Total time is taken = 42 hours

Average Speed = (Total distance covered / Total time taken) = 2268 km/42 hrs = 54 km/hr

Thus, the average speed of the bus during the entire journey is 54 km/hr.

Concept

• Forest is an area covered with a lot of trees.
• It also houses different species of animals depending on the ecology.
• It is an area where all kinds of creatures is found in their natural habitat

Explanation

Both birds and animals

• Animals and birds both live in the forest.
• Noise causes disturbance to the animals.
• They are used to the quiet of the forest.
• Noise can cause the animals to get disoriented.
• They might get scared and attack.

Thus, noise can disturb both birds and animals.