Daily Current Affairs MCQ: 15th December 2024 - UPSC MCQ

The impeachment of South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol was primarily triggered by his controversial attempt to impose martial law, a move that was seen as a power grab and raised concerns about democratic principles and governance. This decision led to significant protests and political unrest, emphasizing the importance of accountability and adherence to constitutional rights in governance.

1. Statement 1 is correct: President Yoon Suk Yeol's impeachment was significantly influenced by his declaration of martial law, which was perceived as a power grab and unconstitutional. This move led to widespread public and political backlash, forming a major basis for the impeachment proceedings.

2. Statement 2 is correct: In South Korea, the impeachment process is indeed initiated by the National Assembly, which must pass an impeachment bill. After this, the Constitutional Court reviews the impeachment to determine whether the President should be removed from office. This procedural aspect was followed in the case of President Yoon.

3. Statement 3 is incorrect: While the impeachment saw some support from members of Yoon's own party, it was not unanimously supported by them. The political dynamics in such high-stakes situations typically involve varied opinions even within the same party, with some members potentially opposing the impeachment.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option B: 1 and 2 Only, as both statements 1 and 2 are correct while statement 3 is incorrect.

Statement-I correctly mentions that the Malwa Canal Project in Punjab aims to serve the irrigation requirements of nearly 2 lakh acres in southern Punjab, as stated in the information provided. Statement-II accurately describes the specifications of the Malwa Canal, noting its dimensions and water-carrying capacity. Statement-II supports Statement-I by providing additional details about the canal's design and function, thereby explaining Statement-I. Therefore, both statements are correct, and Statement-II explains Statement-I.

1. Sultanpur National Park - Located in Rajasthan: Incorrect. Sultanpur National Park is located in the Gurgaon district of Haryana, not in Rajasthan.

2. Sultanpur National Park - Recognized as a Ramsar site in 2021: Correct. Sultanpur National Park was indeed recognized as a Ramsar site in 2021, highlighting its importance as a wetland of international importance.

3. Sultanpur National Park - Notable bird species includes Siberian Crane: Correct. The park is known for attracting numerous migratory bird species, including the Siberian Crane.

4. Sultanpur National Park - Hydrology primarily fed by River Yamuna's Gurgaon canal: Correct. The Sultanpur Jheel, a key feature of the park, is a seasonal freshwater wetland mainly fed by the River Yamuna’s Gurgaon canal and runoff from nearby agricultural fields.

The pairs correctly matched are 2, 3, and 4, making the correct answer Option C: Only three pairs.

The Konda Reddi tribe is an indigenous group that upholds its cultural identity while facing modern influences.

- Statement 1 is correct: The Konda Reddi tribe predominantly practices Folk Hinduism, which involves local traditions and deities unique to their community.

- Statement 2 is correct: The tribe's housing features a unique circular architectural style with mud walls and thatched roofs, reminiscent of the Bhunga architecture found in Gujarat's Kachchh region. This reflects their adaptation to local environmental conditions and cultural influences.

- Statement 3 is incorrect: The political organization of the Konda Reddi is patriarchal, not matriarchal. The village is led by a hereditary headman called Pedda Kapu, who is also the village priest. This reflects a patrilineal system of social organization.

Thus, the correct answer is Option B: 1 and 2 Only. Statements 1 and 2 accurately describe the religious practices and architectural style of the Konda Reddi tribe, while Statement 3 incorrectly characterizes their political organization.

1. Konda Reddi Tribe Habitat - Banks of the Godavari River in Andhra Pradesh: Correct. The Konda Reddi tribe indeed inhabits the banks of the Godavari River in Andhra Pradesh.

2. Dulcibella camanchaca Discovery Depth - 7,902 meters in the Atacama Trench: Correct. The new species Dulcibella camanchaca was discovered at a depth of 7,902 meters in the Atacama Trench.

3. TISS Year of Renaming - 1964: Incorrect. TISS was renamed in 1944, not 1964. It became a deemed university in 1964, which could be a source of confusion.

4. Konda Reddi Language - Telugu with a distinct accent: Correct. The Konda Reddi tribe speaks Telugu with a distinct accent.

Thus, three pairs are correctly matched: pairs 1, 2, and 4.

The CE20 cryogenic engine, developed by ISRO's Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre, plays a crucial role in powering the upper stage of the LVM3 launch vehicle. This engine has successfully powered multiple LVM3 missions and has been qualified for the Gaganyaan mission as well. Its thrust level of 19 tonnes is a significant achievement for India's indigenous space technology development, marking a milestone in ISRO's engine capabilities.

- Statement 1: This statement is correct. The CE20 cryogenic engine, developed by ISRO's Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre, powers the upper stage of the LVM3 launch vehicle. This engine has been a critical component in several successful missions.

- Statement 2: This statement is incorrect. While the CE20 engine has been qualified for the Gaganyaan mission, it is with a thrust level of 20 tonnes, not 22 tonnes. Future enhancements aim for an uprated thrust level of 22 tonnes for the C32 stage, but this is not the current configuration for the Gaganyaan mission.

- Statement 3: This statement is correct. The recent test of the CE20 engine successfully evaluated an engine with a nozzle area ratio of 100, marking a significant achievement in the testing process and contributing to the advancement of ISRO's capabilities in rocket propulsion.

Thus, the correct statements are 1 and 3, making Option C: 1 and 3 Only the right answer.

The main goal of the Kaleshwaram Lift Irrigation Project (KLIP) in Telangana, India, is to enhance water availability for agriculture and domestic use in the region. By drawing water from the Godavari River and utilizing a vast canal network, the project aims to provide irrigation and drinking water across a significant area, reflecting a strategic approach to regional water management.

1. Statement 1: "Kaleshwaram Lift Irrigation Project is the world's largest multi-stage lift irrigation project."
- This statement is correct. The Kaleshwaram Lift Irrigation Project (KLIP) is recognized as the world's largest multi-stage lift irrigation project, as it involves several stages of lifting water to higher altitudes to facilitate its distribution across various regions.

2. Statement 2: "The project draws water exclusively from the Pranhita River."
- This statement is incorrect. The Kaleshwaram Project draws water from the Godavari River at its confluence with the Pranhita River. It is not exclusive to the Pranhita River, as it integrates water from the Godavari system, which includes the confluence formed by several tributaries such as the Wardha, Painganga, and Wainganga rivers.

3. Statement 3: "KLIP provides water for irrigation, municipal, industrial, and drinking purposes."
- This statement is correct. The project is designed to allocate water for multiple uses, including irrigation, municipal supply (notably for Hyderabad), industrial purposes, and drinking water for nearby villages. This multi-purpose allocation demonstrates the comprehensive scope of the project in addressing water needs across various sectors.

Therefore, the correct statements are 1 and 3. Thus, the answer is Option C: 1 and 3 Only.